Liquid-ejecting head and liquid-ejecting apparatus

Abstract

A liquid-ejecting head includes a nozzle plate having a nozzle opening that serves for liquid ejection; a channel-forming substrate including pressure-generating chambers that are in communication with the nozzle opening; a pressure generator that serves to generate pressure change in a liquid in the pressure-generating chambers; and a communication plate provided between the nozzle plate and the channel-forming substrate, the communication plate having a communication channel that forms a communication between the pressure-generating chambers and the nozzle opening. The communication plate has a circulation channel that is in communication with a common liquid chamber through the communication channel, the common liquid chamber being in communication with a plurality of the pressure-generating chambers in common.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A liquid-ejecting head comprising:
 a nozzle plate having a nozzle opening that serves for liquid ejection; 
 a channel-forming substrate including pressure-generating chambers that are in communication with the nozzle opening openings; 
 a common liquid chamber in communication with the pressure-generating chambers in common; 
 a pressure generator that serves to generate pressure change in liquid in the pressure-generating chambers, the pressure-generating chambers being downstream of the common liquid chamber; and 
 a communication plate disposed between the nozzle plate and the channel-forming substrate, the communication plate having a communication channel channels and a circulation channel communication channels in fluid communication with the communication channel channels within the communication plate separate from the channel-forming substrate containing the pressure-generating chambers, the communication channels and the circulation communication channels being downstream of the pressure-generating chambers; wherein 
 the communication channel forms channels form a communication between the pressure-generating chambers and the nozzle opening openings; 
 the circulation channel forms a communication between the communication channel and a communication channels are configured to flow the liquid received from the common liquid chambers, and that flows through the pressure-generating chambers and the communication channels, to a circulation channel downstream of the circulation communication channels, the circulation channel being configured to circulate the liquid back to the common liquid chamber, and 
 the common liquid chamber is in communication with a plurality of the pressure-generating chambers in common. 
 
     
     
       2. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 1 , wherein,
 the channel-forming substrate has at least two lines of the pressure-generating chambers aligned in parallel, and 
 the circulation channel serves as a liquid chamber that is in communication with each of the two lines of the pressure-generating chambers. 
 
     
     
       3. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 1 , wherein,
 the channel-forming substrate has a plurality of lines of the pressure-generating chambers aligned in parallel, and 
 the individual lines of the pressure-generating chambers are independently in communication with the corresponding circulation channels. 
 
     
     
       4. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 1 , wherein, the channel-forming substrate has an expansion portion that is in combination with the circulation channel to increase the cross-sectional area of the circulation channel. 
     
     
       5. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 1 , wherein, the circulation channel is positioned so as to overlap the pressure-generating chamber in a direction in which the channel-forming substrate and the communication plate are stacked. 
     
     
       6. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 1 , wherein,
 the circulation channel has a narrow portion including a first wall and a second wall, the first wall tilting with respect to a flow direction in which a liquid circulates from the pressure-generating chamber to the common liquid chamber and serving to gradually decrease the cross-sectional area of the circulation channel toward the downstream side, the second wall tilting with respect to the flow direction and serving to gradually increase the cross-sectional area that has been gradually decreased by the first wall, wherein 
 the tilt angle of the first wall with respect to the inner surface of the circulation channel at the upstream side relative to the first wall is larger than the tilt angle of the second wall with respect to the inner surface of the circulation channel at the downstream side relative to the second wall. 
 
     
     
       7. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 6 , wherein, a plurality of the narrow portions are provided. 
     
     
       8. The liquid-ejecting head according to  claim 6 , wherein, the first wall has a curved surface. 
     
     
       9. The liquid-ejecting head of  claim 1 , wherein the communication plate has a plurality of communication channels, each communication channel of the plurality of communication channels communicating between one pressure-generating chamber of a plurality of pressure-generating chambers and one nozzle opening of a plurality of nozzle openings. 
     
     
       10. The liquid-ejecting head of  claim 1 , wherein the communication plate has a common circulation channel that is in communication with the common liquid chamber through a plurality of communication channels and a plurality of circulation communication channels, each circulation communication channel communicating with a communication channel of the plurality of communication channels, providing fluid communication between the communication channel and the circulation channel, and being open toward the nozzle plate. 
     
     
       11. The liquid-ejecting head of  claim 1 , wherein the circulation channel including a first side wall and a second side wall opposite the first side wall, a first narrow portion extending from the first side wall and a second narrow portion extending from the second side wall, the first narrow portion extending transverse to a direction of liquid flow through the circulation channel in a direction opposite to that of the second narrow portion. 
     
     
       12. The liquid-ejecting head of  claim 1 , wherein the communication plate has a plurality of communication channels spaced apart from each other in a first direction and an elongate circulation channel extending along the communication plate in the first direction and being in fluid communication with each communication channel through a circulation communication channel formed in the communication plate. 
     
     
       13. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the liquid in the circulation channel is circulated to the communication channel via a pump. 
     
     
       14. A liquid-ejecting apparatus comprising:
 a body; and 
 a liquid-ejecting head, the liquid-ejecting head comprising:
 a nozzle plate having a nozzle opening openings that serves for liquid ejection; 
 a channel-forming substrate including pressure-generating chambers that are in communication with the nozzle opening openings; 
 a common liquid chamber in communication with the pressure-generating chambers in common;  
 a pressure generator that serves to generate pressure change in liquid in the pressure-generating chambers, the pressure-generating chambers being downstream of the common liquid chamber; and 
 a communication plate disposed between the nozzle plate and the channel-forming substrate, the communication plate having a communication channel channels and a circulation channel communication channels in fluid communication with the communication channel channels within the communication plate separate from the channel-forming substrate containing the pressure-generating chambers, the communication channels and the circulation communication channels being downstream of the pressure-generating chambers; wherein 
 the communication channel forms channels form a communication between the pressure-generating chambers and the nozzle opening openings; 
 the circulation channel forms a communication between the communication channel and a communication channels are configured to flow the liquid received from the common liquid chambers, and that flows through the pressure-generating chambers and the communication channels, to a circulation channel downstream of the circulation communication channels, the circulation channel being configured to circulate the liquid back to the common liquid chamber, the common liquid chamber is in communication with a plurality of the pressure-generating chambers in common. 
 
 
     
     
       15. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein,
 the channel-forming substrate has at least two lines of the pressure-generating chambers aligned in parallel, and 
 the circulation channel serves as a liquid chamber that is in communication with each of the two lines of the pressure-generating chambers. 
 
     
     
       16. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein,
 the channel-forming substrate has a plurality of lines of the pressure-generating chambers aligned in parallel, and 
 the individual lines of the pressure-generating chambers are independently in communication with the corresponding circulation channels. 
 
     
     
       17. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein, the channel-forming substrate has an expansion portion that is in combination with the circulation channel to increase the cross-sectional area of the circulation channel. 
     
     
       18. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein, the circulation channel is positioned so as to overlap the pressure-generating chamber in a direction in which the channel-forming substrate and the communication plate are stacked. 
     
     
       19. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein,
 the circulation channel has a narrow portion including a first wall and a second wall, the first wall tilting with respect to a flow direction in which a liquid circulates from the pressure-generating chamber to the common liquid chamber and serving to gradually decrease the cross-sectional area of the circulation channel toward the downstream side, the second wall tilting with respect to the flow direction and serving to gradually increase the cross-sectional area that has been gradually decreased by the first wall, wherein 
 the tilt angle of the first wall with respect to the inner surface of the circulation channel at the upstream side relative to the first wall is larger than the tilt angle of the second wall with respect to the inner surface of the circulation channel at the downstream side relative to the second wall. 
 
     
     
       20. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 19 , wherein, a plurality of the narrow portions are provided. 
     
     
       21. The liquid-ejecting apparatus according to  claim 19 , wherein, the first wall has a curved surface. 
     
     
       22. A liquid-ejecting head comprising:
 a nozzle plate having nozzle openings, wherein liquid is ejected through the nozzle openings;   a channel-forming substrate that includes pressure-generating chambers, wherein each of the pressure-generating chamber is in communication with one of the nozzle openings;   a common liquid chamber, wherein the liquid is delivered from the common liquid chamber to the pressure-generating chambers, the pressure-generating chambers being downstream of the common liquid chamber;   a communication plate includes:   communication channels, wherein each of the communication channels forms a communication between one of the pressure-generating chambers and one of the nozzle openings; and   a circulation channel, wherein ink entering the circulation channel is circulated back to the common liquid chamber; and   circulation communication channels that place the communication channels in fluid communication with the circulation channel to circulate a portion of the liquid from the nozzle opening to the circulation channel, the communication channels and the circulation communication channels being downstream of the pressure-generating chambers, each circulation communication channel being within the communication plate separate from the channel-forming substrate containing the pressure-generating chambers,   wherein, the circulation communication channels are configured to flow the liquid received from the liquid from the common liquid chambers, and that flows through the pressure-generating chambers and the communication channels, to the circulation channel downstream of the circulation communication channels, the circulation channel being configured to circulate the liquid back to the common liquid chamber.   
     
     
       23. The liquid-ejecting head of claim 22, wherein the circulation communication channel comprises a first wall formed in the nozzle plate and a second wall formed in the communication plate. 
     
     
       24. The liquid-ejecting head of claim 23, wherein the first wall faces the second wall. 
     
     
       25. A liquid-ejecting head comprising:
 a nozzle plate that includes nozzle openings, wherein liquid is ejected through the nozzle openings;   a channel-forming substrate that includes pressure-generating chambers that are in communication with the nozzle openings;   a common liquid chamber, wherein the liquid is delivered from the common liquid chamber to the pressure-generating chambers, the pressure-generating chambers being downstream of the common liquid chamber; and   a communication plate includes:   communication channels that form a communication between the pressure-generating chambers and the nozzle openings;   circulation communication channels in fluid communication with the communication channels within the communication plate separate from the channel-forming substrate containing the pressure-generating chambers, the communication channels and the circulation communication channels being downstream of the pressure-generating chambers; and   a circulation channel;   wherein the communication plate and the nozzle plate cooperate to form the circulation communication channels between the communication channels and the circulation channel,   wherein, the circulation communication channels are configured to flow the liquid received from the liquid from the common liquid chambers, and that flows through the pressure-generating chambers and the communication channels, to the circulation channel downstream of the circulation communication channel, the circulation channel being configured to circulate the liquid back to the common liquid chamber.   
     
     
       26. The liquid-ejecting head of claim 25, wherein the fluid communication comprises a circulation communication channel comprises a first wall formed in the nozzle plate and a second wall formed in the communication plate. 
     
     
       27. The liquid ejecting head of claim 26, wherein the first wall faces the second wall. 
     
     
       28. A liquid-ejecting head comprising:
 a nozzle plate having nozzle openings, wherein liquid is ejected through the nozzle openings;   a channel-forming substrate that includes pressure-generating chambers, wherein each of the pressure-generating chamber is in communication with one of the nozzle openings;   a common liquid chamber, wherein the liquid is delivered from the common liquid chamber to the pressure-generating chambers, the pressure-generating chambers being downstream of the common liquid chamber; and   a communication plate includes:   communication channels that forms a communication between the pressure-generating chambers and the nozzle openings;   circulation communication channels in fluid communication with the communication channels within the communication plate separate from the channel-forming substrate containing the pressure-generating chambers, the communication channels and the circulation communication channels being downstream of the pressure-generating chambers; and   a circulation channel;   wherein the communication plate and the nozzle plate cooperate to form the circulation communication channels between the communication channel and the circulation channel, and   wherein, the circulation communication channels are configured to flow the liquid received from the liquid from the common liquid chambers, and that flows through the pressure-generating chambers and the communication channels, to the circulation channel downstream of the circulation communication channel, the circulation channel being configured to circulate the liquid back to the common liquid chamber.   
     
     
       29. The liquid-ejecting head of claim 28, wherein the circulation communication channel comprises a first wall formed in the nozzle plate and a second wall formed in the communication plate. 
     
     
       30. The liquid-ejecting head of claim 29, wherein the first wall faces the second wall.