Cam mechanism of a photographing lens

Abstract

A cam mechanism includes a cam ring, and a linearly movable frame movable supporting an optical element. The cam grooves are located at different positions in the optical axis direction and which trace a same reference cam diagram. All cam grooves are partial cam grooves each having at least one end opening at at least one of opposite ends of the cam ring, so as not to include an entire portion of the reference cam diagram. Cam followers are located at different positions at least in the optical axis direction and are respectively engageable in the cam grooves. At least one of the cam followers remains engaged in a corresponding cam groove while at least one of the other of the cam followers comes out of the end opening and is disengaged therefrom when the linearly movable frame moves to movement limit in the optical-axis direction.

1. A cam mechanism comprising:
 a cam ring linearly movable along an optical axis of an optical system; and 
 a linearly movable frame movable by the cam ring along an the optical axis of an optical system without rotating, by engagement of a plurality of cam grooves located on said cam ring with a plurality of complementing cam followers located on said linearly movable frame when said cam ring is rotated, said linearly movable frame supporting at least one optical element of said optical system, 
 wherein at least two cam grooves of said plurality of cam grooves are located at different positions at least in said optical axis direction and trace substantially a same reference cam diagram; 
 wherein all cam grooves of said plurality of cam grooves are partial cam grooves, each having at least one end opening at at least one of opposite ends of said cam ring, so as not to include an entire portion of said reference cam diagram; 
 wherein at least two cam followers of said plurality of complementing cam followers are located at different positions at least in said optical axis direction and are respectively engageable in said plurality of at least two cam grooves; and 
 wherein at least one of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in a corresponding said cam groove while at least one of the other of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged therefrom, when said linearly movable frame moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       2. The cam mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises a front cam groove having at least one front end opening at a front end of said cam ring so as not to include a front part of said entire portion of said reference cam diagram, and a rear cam groove having at least one rear end opening at a rear end of said cam ring so as not to include a rear partof said entire portion of said reference cam diagram;
 wherein said complementing cam followers comprise a front cam follower and a rear cam follower which are engaged in said front cam groove and said rear cam groove, respectively; 
 wherein said front cam follower comes out of said front opening to be disengaged from said front cam groove while said rear cam follower remains engaged in said rear cam groove when said linearly movable frame moves to a front limit for movement thereof in said optical axis direction; and 
 wherein said rear cam follower comes out of said rear opening to be disengaged from said rear cam groove while said front cam follower remains engaged in said front cam groove when said linearly movable frame moves to a rear limit for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       3. The cam mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 the mechanism is part of a zoom lens system movable between a retracted position and a zoom range position; and 
 during a zooming operation within the zoom range position, the at least one of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in corresponding said partial cam groove while the at least one of the other of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged therefrom, when said linearly movable ring moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       4. The cam mechanism according to  claim 2 , wherein said front cam groove and said rear cam groove are formed as a continuous groove and a discontinuous cam groove, respectively. 
     
     
       5. The cam mechanism according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a plurality of cam groove groups, each said cam groove group comprising said plurality of cam grooves located at different positions in said optical axis direction, said plurality of cam groove groups located at different positions in a circumferential direction of said cam ring; and 
 a plurality of cam follower groups, each said cam follower group comprising said complementing cam followers provided at different positions in said optical axis direction, said plurality of cam follower groups located at different positions in a circumferential direction of said linearly movable frame. 
 
     
     
       6. The cam mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein said optical system comprises a plurality of movable lens groups movable in said optical axis direction while changing a distance therebetween by rotation of said cam ring, said linearly movable frame holding at least one of said plurality of movable lens groups. 
     
     
       7. The cam mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein said optical system comprises a photographing lens system. 
     
     
       8. A cam mechanism comprising:
 a cam ring; and 
 a linearly movable frame movable by the cam ring along an optical axis of an optical system without rotating, by engagement of a pair of cam grooves located on said cam ring with a pair of cam followers located on said linearly movable frame when said cam ring is rotated, said linearly movable frame supporting at least one optical element of said optical system, 
 wherein said pair of cam grooves are located at different positions in at least said optical axis direction and trace substantially a same reference cam diagram, respectively; 
 wherein at least one cam groove of said pair of cam grooves is a discontinuous cam groove having at least two end openings at at least one of opposite ends of said cam ring so as not to include a part of an entire portion of said reference cam diagram; 
 wherein said pair of complementing cam followers are located at different positions in at least said optical axis direction and engageable in said pair of cam grooves, respectively; and 
 wherein one cam follower of said pair of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged from one of said pair of cam grooves while the other of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in the other of said cam grooves, when said linearly movable frame moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       9. A digital camera having a body, an image pickup device, a cam mechanism, and an image display panel for displaying an image picked up by said image pickup device, the image pickup device and cam mechanism housed within the body, and the image display panel affixed to the body, said cam mechanism comprising:
 a cam ring linearly movable along an optical axis of an optical system; and 
 a linearly movable frame movable by the cam ring along an the optical axis of an optical system by engagement of a plurality of cam grooves located on said cam ring with a plurality of complementing cam followers located on said linearly movable frame when said cam ring is rotated, said linearly movable frame supporting at least one optical element of said optical system, 
 wherein said plurality of cam grooves are located at different positions at least in said optical axis direction and trace substantially a same reference cam diagram; 
 wherein all cam grooves of said plurality of cam grooves are partial cam grooves, each having at least one end opening at at least one of opposite ends of said cam ring, so as not to include an entire portion of said reference cam diagram; 
 wherein said plurality of complementing cam followers are located at different positions at least in said optical axis direction and are respectively engageable in said plurality of cam grooves; and 
 wherein at least one of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in a corresponding said cam groove while at least one of the other of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged therefrom, when said linearly movable frame moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       10. The camera according to  claim 9 , wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises a front cam groove having at least one front end opening at a front end of said cam ring so as not to include a front part of said entire portion of said reference cam diagram, and a rear cam groove having at least one rear end opening at a rear end of said cam ring so as not to include a rear part of said entire portion of said reference cam diagram;
 wherein said complementing cam followers comprise a front cam follower and a rear cam follower which are engaged in said front cam groove and said rear cam groove, respectively; 
 wherein said front cam follower comes out of said front opening to be disengaged from said front cam groove while said rear cam follower remains engaged in said rear cam groove when said linearly movable frame moves to a front limit for movement thereof in said optical axis direction; and 
 wherein said rear cam follower comes out of said rear opening to be disengaged from said rear cam groove while said front cam follower remains engaged in said front cam groove when said linearly movable frame moves to a rear limit for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       11. The camera according to  claim 9 , wherein:
 the mechanism is part of a zoom lens system movable between a retracted position and a zoom range position; and 
 during a zooming operation within the zoom range position, the at least one of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in corresponding said partial cam groove while the at least one of the other of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged therefrom, when said linearly movable ring moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       12. The camera according to  claim 10 , wherein said front cam groove and said rear cam groove are formed as a continuous groove and a discontinuous cam groove, respectively. 
     
     
       13. The camera according to  claim 9 , wherein said cam mechanism further comprises:
 a plurality of cam groove groups, each said cam groove group comprising said plurality of cam grooves located at different positions in said optical axis direction, said plurality of cam groove groups located at different positions in a circumferential direction of said cam ring; and 
 a plurality of cam follower groups, each said cam follower group comprising said complementing cam followers provided at different positions in said optical axis direction, said plurality of cam follower groups located at different positions in a circumferential direction of said linearly movable frame. 
 
     
     
       14. The camera according to  claim 9 , wherein said optical system comprises a plurality of movable lens groups movable in said optical axis direction while changing a distance therebetween by rotation of said cam ring, said linearly movable frame holding at least one of said plurality of movable lens groups. 
     
     
       15. The camera according to  claim 9 , wherein said optical system comprises a photographing lens system. 
     
     
       16. A digital camera having a body, an image pickup device, a cam mechanism, and an image display panel for displaying an image picked up by said image pickup device, the image pickup device and cam mechanism housed within the body, and the image display panel affixed to the body, said cam mechanism comprising:
 a cam ring; and 
 a linearly movable frame movable by the cam ring along an optical axis of an optical system without rotating, by engagement of a pair of cam grooves located on said cam ring with a pair of cam followers located on said linearly movable frame when said cam ring is rotated, said linearly movable frame supporting at least one optical element of said optical system, 
 wherein said pair of cam grooves are located at different positions in at least said optical axis direction and trace substantially a same reference cam diagram, respectively; 
 wherein at least one cam groove of said pair of cam grooves is a discontinuous cam groove having at least two end openings at at least one of opposite ends of said cam ring so as not to include a part of an entire portion of said reference cam diagram; 
 wherein said pair of complementing cam followers are located at different positions in at least said optical axis direction and engageable in said pair of cam grooves, respectively; and 
 wherein one cam follower of said pair of said complementing cam followers comes out of said end opening and is disengaged from one of said pair of cam grooves while the other of said complementing cam followers remains engaged in the other of said cam grooves, when said linearly movable frame moves to at least one of opposite limits for movement thereof in said optical axis direction. 
 
     
     
       17. A cam mechanism of a zoom lens barrel comprising:
 a cam ring having a plurality of cam grooves on a circumferential surface of the cam ring, each cam groove of said plurality of cam grooves including a zoom range section, a lens barrel retracted state section in which no photograph can be taken, and a lens barrel assembly section;   a frame having a plurality of cam followers, each of which is engaged with a corresponding said cam groove, said frame being supported by said cam ring so that said frame is relatively movable in the optical axis direction, and so that said frame and said cam ring are relatively rotatable, and said frame being arranged to support at least a portion of a photographing optical system,   wherein:   said frame is movable forwardly or rearwardly in the optical axis direction by relative rotation between said cam ring and said frame;   said plurality of cam grooves have the same reference cam diagram and are provided at different positions at least in the optical axis direction;   at least one cam groove of said plurality of cam grooves has one of a front portion and a rear portion removed, and an end of said at least one said cam groove is open at an end of said cam ring at the zoom range section of said at least one cam groove;   said plurality of cam followers are provided at different positions at least in the optical axis direction; and   in the lens barrel retracted state section, all of said cam followers are engaged with said cam ring.   
     
     
       18. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein at a wide-angle position of a zooming range, said cam followers come out of said open ends of said cam grooves formed at an end of said cam ring, and the remaining cam followers and corresponding cam grooves remain engaged with each other. 
     
     
       19. The cam mechanism according to claim 18, wherein at a telephoto position of the zooming range, said cam followers come out of said open ends of cam grooves formed at the opposite end of said cam ring, the remaining cam followers and corresponding cam grooves remain engaged with each other. 
     
     
       20. The cam mechanism according to claim 19, wherein said cam ring is configured to move forwardly toward an object from the retracted state until said cam ring reaches the zooming range. 
     
     
       21. The cam mechanism according to claim 19, wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises:
 front cam grooves which have the open ends at the front end of said cam ring such that a part of the front portion of said reference cam diagram is removed; and   rear cam grooves which have the open ends at the rear end of said cam ring such that a part of the rear portion of said reference cam diagram is removed;   wherein said plurality of cam followers comprise front cam followers which are engaged with said front cam grooves, and rear cam followers which are engaged with said rear cam grooves.   
     
     
       22. The cam mechanism according to claim 19, further comprising:
 a plurality of cam-groove groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam grooves provided on said cam ring at different positions In the circumferential direction; and   a plurality of cam-follower groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam followers provided on said frame at different positions in the circumferential direction.   
     
     
       23. The cam mechanism according to claim 18, wherein said cam ring is configured to move forwardly toward an object from the retracted state until said cam ring reaches the zooming range. 
     
     
       24. The cam mechanism according to claim 18, wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises:
 front cam grooves which have the open ends at the front end of said cam ring such that a part of the front portion of said reference cam diagram is removed; and   rear cam grooves which have the open ends at the rear end of said cam ring such that a part of the rear portion of said reference cam diagram is removed;   wherein said plurality of cam followers comprise front cam followers which are engaged with said front cam grooves, and rear cam followers which are engaged with said rear cam grooves.   
     
     
       25. The cam mechanism according to claim 18, further comprising:
 a plurality of cam-groove groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam grooves provided on said cam ring at different positions In the circumferential direction; and   a plurality of cam-follower groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam followers provided on said frame at different positions in the circumferential direction.   
     
     
       26. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein said cam ring is configured to move forwardly toward an object from the retracted state until said cam ring reaches a zooming range. 
     
     
       27. The cam mechanism according to claim 26, wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises:
 front cam grooves which have the open ends at the front end of said cam ring such that a part of the front portion of said reference cam diagram is removed; and   rear cam grooves which have the open ends at the rear end of said cam ring such that a part of the rear portion of said reference cam diagram is removed;   rear cam grooves which have the open ends at the rear end of said cam ring such that a part of the rear portion of said reference cam diagram is removed;   wherein said plurality of cam followers comprise front cam followers which are engaged with said front cam grooves, and rear cam followers which are engaged with said rear cam grooves.   
     
     
       28. The cam mechanism according to claim 26, further comprising:
 a plurality of cam-groove groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam grooves provided on said cam ring at different positions In the circumferential direction; and   a plurality of cam-follower groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam followers provided on said frame at different positions in the circumferential direction.   
     
     
       29. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein said plurality of cam grooves comprises:
 front cam grooves which have the open ends at the front end of said cam ring such that a part of the front portion of said reference cam diagram is removed; and   rear cam grooves which have the open ends at the rear end of said cam ring such that a part of the rear portion of said reference cam diagram is removed;   wherein said plurality of cam followers comprise front cam followers which are engaged with said front cam grooves, and rear cam followers which are engaged with said rear cam grooves.   
     
     
       30. The cam mechanism according to claim 29, further comprising:
 a plurality of cam-groove groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam grooves provided on said cam ring at different positions In the circumferential direction; and   a plurality of cam-follower groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam followers provided on said frame at different positions in the circumferential direction.   
     
     
       31. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, further comprising:
 a plurality of cam-groove groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam grooves provided on said cam ring at different positions In the circumferential direction; and   a plurality of cam-follower groups comprising plural sets of said plurality of cam followers provided on said frame at different positions in the circumferential direction.   
     
     
       32. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein said cam ring rotates relative to said frame. 
     
     
       33. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein in the retracted state, all of said cam followers are engaged with at least a portion of said corresponding cam grooves. 
     
     
       34. The cam mechanism according to claim 17, wherein said cam grooves are bottomed cam grooves. 
     
     
       35. A cam mechanism of a zoom lens barrel comprising:
 a cam ring having a plurality of cam grooves on a circumferential surface of the cam ring;   a frame having a plurality of cam followers, each of which is engaged with a corresponding said cam groove, said frame being supported by said cam ring so that said frame is relatively movable in the optical axis direction between a wide-angle extremity and a telephoto extremity, and so that said frame and said cam ring are relatively rotatable, and said frame being arranged to support at least a portion of a photographing optical system,   wherein:   said frame is movable forwardly or rearwardly in the optical axis direction by relative rotation between said cam ring and said frame;   said plurality of cam grooves have the same reference cam diagram and are provided at different positions at least in the optical axis direction;   at least one cam groove of said plurality of cam grooves has one of a front portion and a rear portion removed, and an end of said at least one said cam groove is open at an end of said cam ring;   said plurality of cam followers are provided at different positions at least in the optical axis direction;   at at least one of the wide-angle extremity and the telephoto extremity, some of said plurality of cam followers are disengaged from said cam ring, and remaining cam followers of said plurality of cam followers are engaged with said cam ring; and   in a retracted state of the zoom lens barrel in which no photograph can be taken, said frame is positioned between the wide-angle extremity and the telephoto extremity.   
     
     
       36. The cam mechanism according to claim 35, wherein said cam ring rotates relative to said frame. 
     
     
       37. The cam mechanism according to claim 35, wherein in the retracted state of the zoom lens barrel, all cam followers of said plurality of cam followers are engaged with all corresponding cam grooves of said plurality of cam grooves.