Wireless system with transmitter having multiple transmit antennas and combining open loop and closed loop transmit diversities

Abstract

A wireless communication system ( 40 ). The system comprises transmitter circuitry ( 42 ) comprising encoder circuitry ( 44 ) for receiving a plurality of symbols (S i ). The system further comprises a plurality of antennas (AT 1 -AT 4 ) coupled to the transmitter circuitry and for transmitting signals from the transmitter circuitry to a receiver (UST), wherein the signals are responsive to the plurality of symbols. Further, the encoder circuitry is for applying open loop diversity and closed loop diversity to the plurality of symbols to form the signals.

1. A wireless communication system, comprising:
 transmitter circuitry comprising encoder circuitry for receiving a plurality of symbols; 
 a plurality of antennas coupled to the transmitter circuitry and for transmitting signals from the transmitter circuitry to a receiver, wherein the signals are responsive to the plurality of symbols; and 
 wherein the encoder circuitry is for applying space time block coded transmit antenna open loop diversity and closed loop diversity to the plurality of symbols to form the signals; 
 wherein the plurality of antennas comprises a pluraltty plurality of sets of antennas; 
 wherein for each of the sets of antennas the encoder circuitry is for applying space tile time block coded transmit antenna diversity to selected ones of the plurality of symbols such that signals transmitted by any one antenna in the set of antennas represent open loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in the set of antennas; and 
 wherein for each of the sets of antennas the encoder circuitry is for applying a weight to the plurality of symbols such that signals fitted in response to the weight represent a closed loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in any other of the sets of antennas. 
 
     
     
       2. The system of  claim 1 :
 wherein the plurality of sets of antennas consists of two sets of antennas; and 
 wherein each of the sets of antennas consists of two antennas. 
 
     
     
       3. The system of  claim 1 :
 wherein the plurality of sets of antennas consists of three sets of antennas; and 
 wherein each of the sets of antennas consists of two antennas. 
 
     
     
       4. The system of  claim 1 :
 wherein the plurality of sets of antennas consists of two sets of antenas; and 
 wherein each of the sets of antennas consists of four antennas. 
 
     
     
       5. The system of  claim 1 :
 wherein the plurality of sets of antennas consists of four sets of antennas; and 
 wherein each of the sets of antennas consists of two antennas. 
 
     
     
       6. The system of  claim 1  wherein the closed loop diversity comprises transmit adaptive array diversity. 
     
     
       7. The system of  claim 1  and further comprising the receiver. 
     
     
       8. The system of  claim 7  wherein the receiver comprises one antenna for receiving the signals transmitted from the plurality of antennas. 
     
     
       9. The system of  claim 7  wherein the receiver comprises a plurality of antennas, wherein each of the plurality of antennas is for receiving the signals transmitted from the plurality of antennas. 
     
     
       10. The system of  claim 7  wherein the receiver comprises decoder circuitry for decoding open loop diversity and closed loop diversity with respect to the plurality of symbols. 
     
     
       11. The system of  claim 10  wherein the receiver further comprises:
 a despreader having an output and for producing a despread symbol stream at the output in response to the signals, wherein the output is coupled to the decoder circuitry; 
 a channel estimator coupled to the output of the despreader and for determining estimated channel impulse responses based on the despread symbol stream; and 
 wherein the decoder circuitry is for decoding open loop diversity and closed loop diversity with respect to the despread symbol stream and in response to the estimated channel impulse responses. 
 
     
     
       12. The system of  claim 11  wherein the receiver further comprises a deinterleaver coupled to an output of the decoder circuitry and for providing an inverse interleaving function with respect to information received from the decoder circuitry. 
     
     
       13. The system of  claim 12  wherein the receiver further comprises a channel decoder coupled to an output of the deinterleaver and for improving a data error rate of information received from the deinterleaver. 
     
     
       14. The system of  claim 1  wherein the signals comprise CDMA communications. 
     
     
       15. The system of  claim 1  wherein the signals comprise WCDMA communications. 
     
     
       16. The system of  claim 1  wherein the signals comprise TDMA communications. 
     
     
       17. The system of  claim 1 :
 wherein the transmitter circuitry is located in a base station; and 
 wherein the receiver comprises a mobile receiver. 
 
     
     
       18. The system of  claim 1  wherein the plurality of symbols comprise quadrature phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       19. The system of  claim 1  wherein the plurality of symbols comprise binary phase keying symbols. 
     
     
       20. The system of  claim 1  wherein the plurality of symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       21. The system of  claim 1  wherein the transmitter circuitry further comprises:
 a channel encoder for receiving a plurality of bits; 
 an interleaver coupled to an output of the channel encoder and for shuffling a block of encoded bits; and 
 a symbol mapper coupled to an output of the interleaver for converting shuffled bits into the plurity of symbols. 
 
     
     
       22. A wireless communication receiver for receiving signal from transmitter circuitry transmitting along a plurality of sets of transmit antennas, wherein the signals are formed by the transmitter circuitry by applying space time block coded transmit antenna diversity to selected ones of the plurality of symbols such that signals transmitted by any one antenna in the set of antenas represent space time block coded open loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in the set of antennas and wherein for each of the sets of antennas the encoder circuitry is for applying a weight to the plurality of symbols such that signals transmitted in response to the weight represent a closed loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in any other of the uses of antennas, the receiver comprising
 a despreader having an output and for producing a despread symbol stream at the output in response to the signals; and 
 decoder circuitry coupled to the output of the despreader and for decoding space time block coded open loop diversity and closed loop diversity with respect to the despread symbol stream. 
 
     
     
       23. The receiver of  claim 22  and further comprising one antenna for receiving the signals transmitted from the plurality of transmit antennas. 
     
     
       24. The receiver of  claim 22  and further comprising a plurality of antennas for receiving the signals transmitted from the plurality of transmit antennas. 
     
     
       25. The receiver of  claim 22  and further comprising:
 a channel estimator coupled to the output of the despreader and for determining estimated channel impulse responses based on the despread symbol stream; and 
 wherein the decoder circuitry is for decoding space time block coded open loop diversity and closed loop diversity with respect to the despread symbol strum and in response to the estimated channel impulse responses. 
 
     
     
       26. The receiver of  claim 25  and further comprising a deinterleaver coupled to an output of the decoder circuitry and for providing an inverse interleaving function with respect to information received from the decoder circuitry. 
     
     
       27. The system of  claim 26  and further comprising a channel decoder coupled to an output of the deinterleaver and for improving a data error rate of information received from the deinterleaver. 
     
     
       28. A method of operating a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of
 receiving a plurality of symbols into encoder circuitry; 
 applying space time block coded open loop diversity and closed loop diversity to the plurality of symbols to form a plurality of signals; and 
 transmitting the plurality of signals along a plurality of antenna to a receiver; 
 wherein the plurality of antennas comprises a plurality of sets of antennas; and 
 wherein the step of applying space time block coded open loop diversity and closed loop diversity applies space time block coded open loop diversity to selected ones of the plurality of symbols such that signals transmitted by any one antenna in the set of antennas represent open loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in the set of antennas. 
 
     
     
       29. The method of  claim 28  wherein for each of the sets of antennas the step of applying open loop diversity and closed loop diversity applies a weight to the plurality of symbols such that signals transmitted in response to the weight represent a closed loop diversity with respect to signals transmitted by any other antenna in any other of the sets of antennas. 
     
     
       30. A diversity encoder circuit for a wireless communication system, comprising:
 an input terminal coupled to receive a first symbol and a second symbol, each symbol having plural data bits;   a first output terminal coupled to a first antenna and arranged to produce a product of a first scalar weight and one of the first symbol and a conjugate of the first symbol at a first time and a product of a second scalar weight and one of the second symbol and negative conjugate of the second symbol at a second time; and   a second output terminal coupled to a second antenna and arranged to produce a product of a third scalar weight and one of the second symbol and negative conjugate of the second symbol at the first time and a product of a fourth scalar weight and one of the first symbol and the conjugate of the first symbol at the second time.   
     
     
       31. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, comprising:
 a third output terminal coupled to a third antenna and arranged to produce a product of the third scalar weight and the first symbol at a first time and a product of the fourth scalar weight and the second symbol at a second time; and   a fourth output terminal coupled to a fourth antenna and arranged to produce a product of the first scalar weight and the negative conjugate of the second symbol at the first time and a product of the second scalar weight and the conjugate of the first symbol at the second time.   
     
     
       32. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 31, wherein the first scalar weight is equal to the second scalar weight, and wherein the third scalar weight is equal to the fourth scalar weight. 
     
     
       33. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, wherein the symbols comprise one of CDMA symbols, WCDMA symbols, and TDMA symbols. 
     
     
       34. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, comprising a transmitter circuit located at a base station. 
     
     
       35. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       36. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       37. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, wherein the first and second symbols comprise binary phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       38. A diversity encoder circuit as in claim 30, wherein the first scalar weight is equal to the second scalar weight, and wherein the third scalar weight is equal to the fourth scalar weight. 
     
     
       39. A diversity decoder circuit for a wireless communication system, comprising:
 an input terminal coupled to receive a product of a first scalar weight and one of a first symbol and a conjugate of the first symbol from a first antenna of a remote transmitter and a product of a third scalar weight and one of a second symbol and negative conjugate of the second symbol at a first time from a second antenna of the remote transmitter, wherein the input terminal is coupled to receive a product of a second scalar weight and one of the second symbol and negative conjugate of the second symbol and a product of a fourth scalar weight and one of the first symbol and the conjugate of the first symbol at a second time from the remote transmitter; and   a decoder coupled to the input terminal and producing the first symbol and the second symbol.   
     
     
       40. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the first scalar weight is equal to the second scalar weight, and wherein the third scalar weight is equal to the fourth scalar weight. 
     
     
       41. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the input terminal is coupled to receive the product of the first scalar weight and the first symbol and the product of the third scalar weight and the negative conjugate of the second symbol at the first time and the product of the second scalar weight and the second symbol and the product of the fourth scalar weight and the conjugate of the first symbol at the second time. 
     
     
       42. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 41, wherein the input terminal is coupled to receive the product of the first scalar weight and the first symbol from the first antenna, the product of the third scalar weight and the negative conjugate of the second symbol from the second antenna, a product of the first scalar weight and the negative conjugate of the second symbol from a third antenna, and a product of the third scalar weight and the first symbol from a fourth antenna, and wherein the first, second, third, and fourth antennas are coupled to a remote transmitter. 
     
     
       43. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the symbols comprise one of CDMA symbols, WCDMA symbols, and TDMA symbols. 
     
     
       44. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the wireless communication system comprises a wireless user station. 
     
     
       45. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       46. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       47. A diversity decoder circuit as in claim 39, wherein the first and second symbols comprise binary phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       48. A method of diversity encoding a signal for transmission to a remote wireless communication circuit, comprising the steps of:
 producing a first product of a first weight and a first symbol at a first time;   producing a second product of a second weight and a second symbol at a second time;   producing a third product of a third weight and a negative conjugate of the second symbol at the first time;   producing a fourth product of a fourth weight and a conjugate of the first symbol at the second time;   applying the first and second products to a first antenna; and   applying the third and fourth products to a second antenna, wherein each of the first and second weights is determined in response to a channel effect between the first antenna and the remote wireless communication circuit, and wherein each of the third and fourth weights is determined in response to a channel effect between the second antenna and the remote wireless communication circuit.   
     
     
       49. A method as in claim 48, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       50. A method as in claim 48, comprising the steps of:
 applying a product of the first weight and a negative conjugate of the second symbol to a third antenna at the first time;   applying a product of the second weight and the conjugate of the first symbol to the third antenna at the second time;   applying a product of the third weight and the first symbol to a fourth antenna at the first time; and   applying a product of the fourth weight and the second symbol to the fourth antenna at the second time.   
     
     
       51. A method as in claim 48, wherein the symbols comprise one of CDMA symbols, WCDMA symbols, and TDMA symbols. 
     
     
       52. A method as in claim 48, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       53. A method as in claim 48, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       54. A method as in claim 48, wherein the first and second symbols comprise binary phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       55. A method as in claim 50, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       56. A method of diversity decoding a signal from a remote wireless communication circuit, comprising the steps of:
 receiving a first product of a first weight and a first symbol at a first time from a first antenna of the wireless communication circuit;   receiving a third product of a third weight and a negative conjugate of a second symbol at the first time from a second antenna of the wireless communication circuit, wherein the first weight is determined in response to a channel effect from the first antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit, and wherein the third weight is determined in response to a channel effect from the second antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit;   decoding the first and third products; and   producing the first symbol and the second symbol.   
     
     
       57. A method as in claim 56, comprising the steps of:
 receiving a second product of a second weight and the second symbol at a second time from the first antenna of the wireless communication circuit; and   receiving a fourth product of a fourth weight and a conjugate of the first symbol at the second time from the second antenna of the wireless communication circuit, wherein the second weight is determined in response to a channel effect from the first antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit, and wherein the fourth weight is determined in response to a channel effect from the second antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit.   
     
     
       58. A method as in claim 57, comprising the steps of:
 receiving a product of the first weight and the negative conjugate of the second symbol from a third antenna at the first time;   receiving a product of the third weight and the first second symbol from a fourth antenna at the first time;   receiving a product of the second weight and the conjugate of the first symbol from the third antenna at the second time; and   receiving a product of the fourth weight and the second symbol from the fourth antenna at the second time.   
     
     
       59. A method as in claim 58, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       60. A method as in claim 56, comprising a wireless user station. 
     
     
       61. A method as in claim 56, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       62. A method as in claim 56, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       63. A method as in claim 56, wherein the first and second symbols comprise binary phase shift keying symbols. 
     
     
       64. A method as in claim 57, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       65. A method of diversity encoding a signal for transmission to a remote wireless communication circuit, comprising the steps of:
 receiving a plurality of data symbols including a first symbol and a second symbol, each symbol having plural data bits;   receiving a plurality of weights from the remote wireless communication circuit;   producing a first product of a first weight and the first symbol at a first time;   producing a second product of a second weight and a second symbol at a second time;   producing a third product of a third weight and a negative conjugate of the second symbol at the first time;   producing a fourth product of a fourth weight and a conjugate of the first symbol at the second time;   applying the first and second products to a first antenna; and   applying the third and fourth products to a second antenna.   
     
     
       66. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first and fourth weights are different. 
     
     
       67. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       68. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first symbol comprises one of a CDMA symbol, a WCDMA symbol, and a TDMA symbol. 
     
     
       69. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first symbol comprises a quadrature phase shift keying symbol. 
     
     
       70. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first symbol comprises a quadrature amplitude modulation symbol. 
     
     
       71. A method as in claim 65, wherein the first symbol comprises a binary phase shift keying symbol. 
     
     
       72. A method of diversity decoding a signal from a remote wireless communication circuit, comprising the steps of:
 receiving a first product of a first weight and a first symbol at a first time from a first antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit;   receiving a second product of a second weight and the second symbol at a second time from the first antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit;   receiving a third product of a third weight and a negative conjugate of a second symbol at the first time from the second antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit;   receiving a fourth product of a fourth weight and a conjugate of the first symbol at the second time from a second antenna of the remote wireless communication circuit; and   decoding the first and fourth products and producing the first symbol.   
     
     
       73. A method as in claim 72, wherein the first and fourth weights are different. 
     
     
       74. A method as in claim 72, wherein the first weight is equal to the second weight, and wherein the third weight is equal to the fourth weight. 
     
     
       75. A method as in claim 72, comprising receiving the first and fourth products at a wireless user station. 
     
     
       76. A method as in claim 72, wherein the first symbol comprises a quadrature phase shift keying symbol. 
     
     
       77. A method as in claim 72, wherein the first and second symbols comprise quadrature amplitude modulation symbols. 
     
     
       78. A method as in claim 72, wherein the first and second symbols comprise binary phase shift keying symbols.