Procedure and filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air

Abstract

A procedure and a filter device ( 1 ) serving the purpose of removing and/or destruction organic substances in contaminated air. The filter device comprises at least one ventilator ( 12 ) for sending an air stream through a first chamber ( 14 ) with an opening, which is connected with a source for contaminated air; a second chamber ( 15 ) with a number of sheets ( 20 ) placed abeam the main direction of the air stream in order to make the air stream change direction at least one time; a third chamber ( 16 ) with a number of perforated tubes ( 22 ) which at least at one end are in open connection to a secondary air source; a fourth chamber with a number of lamps for radiating the air stream with a short-waved ultra-violet light and; a fifth chamber ( 17 ) with a volume, which gives the air stream a predetermined duration time in the chamber, and which has an opening, through which the purified air passes in order to be released to the surroundings. The filter device ( 1 ) is extremely efficient for purifying contaminated air from organic substances without using chemicals and physical filters, such as fat- and carbon filters, and it is hygienic and fireproof, since its interior sheets are not covered with organic materials. The releasing tubes and the ventilator are furthermore easy to clean.

1. Method for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, characterized in that it comprises the following successive process steps:
 a. that the air is brought into a streaming condition;  
 b. that the air stream created is brought to change direction at least one time in such a way that solid particles which are entrained in the contaminated air stream are removed;  
 c. that the air stream is being cooled such that water and organic substances being in the vapour phase in the contaminated air are condensed and subsequently removed from the air stream;  
 d. that the air stream is supplied with a secondary flow of air and/or oxygen;  
 e. that the air stream is radiated with ultra-violet light, such that the supplied oxygen forms ozone in situ for oxidizing the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable radiation byproducts;  
 f. that the air stream continues for a predetermined interval of time; and  
 g. that the air stream is released.  
 
     
     
       2. Method for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the air stream is cooled by the secondary flow of air and/or oxygen. 
     
     
       3. Method for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the air stream is radiated with short wavelength ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       4. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, having a housing and at least one ventilator for sending an air stream through the housing, which filter device comprises:
 a. a first chamber with an opening, which is connected to a source for a contaminated air stream;  
 b. a second chamber with a number of sheets placed transversely to the main direction of the air stream for making the air stream change direction at least one time in such a way that solid particles which are entrained in the contaminated air stream are removed;  
 c. a third chamber with a number of perforated tubes which, at least at one end, are in open connection with a secondary air source having oxygen which has a lower temperature than the contaminated air stream to thereby cool the air stream, such that water and organic substances in the vapour phase in the contaminated air are condensed and subsequentially removed from the air stream;  
 d. a fourth chamber with a number of UV lamps for radiating the air stream with ultra-violet light such that the supplied oxygen forms ozone in situ for oxidizing the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable reaction byproducts;  
 e. a fifth chamber of a volume, which allows the air stream to stay for a predetermined interval of time in the chamber, and which has an opening, through which purified air is released;  
 wherein each chamber is connected to the next in succession.  
 
     
     
       5. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , characterized in that there in the first chamber is placed at least one sheet for distribution of the stream of contaminated air. 
     
     
       6. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , characterized in that there, in the second chamber transversely to the main direction of the air stream, are placed at least two rows of sheets, that the sheets in each row are placed at a mutual distance, and that each sheet is placed opposite a sheet in the adjoining row. 
     
     
       7. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , characterized in that each perforated tube of the third chamber extends transversely to the main direction of the air stream, that each tube is open at least in one end, that this end extends through one of the walls of the chamber, and that the holes in the tubes are placed on the lee side. 
     
     
       8. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , comprising an electric evaporator before the fourth chamber. 
     
     
       9. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , characterized in that lamps in the fourth chamber are high-pressure UV lamps and/or low-pressure UV lamps for emission of short-wavelength ultra-violet light within a predetermined spectrum. 
     
     
       10. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the ventilator is connected to the opening of the fifth chamber. 
     
     
       11. A method for removing and/or destroying organic substances in contaminated air, successively comprising:
 bringing the contaminated air having a plurality of solid particles into a streaming condition for a predetermined interval of time to create a contaminated air stream in a device;  
 changing the direction of the contaminated air stream at least one time in a way sufficient to remove solid particles entrained in the contaminated air stream;  
 supplying the contaminated air stream with a secondary flow of air and/or oxygen sufficient to impart cooling of the contaminated air stream to condense water and organic substances in the vapor phase to remove them from the air stream;  
 irradiating the contaminated air stream within a treatment zone with ultra-violet light such that ozone is created in situ from the supplied secondary flow to oxidize the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable radiation byproducts, thereby decontaminating the air stream; and  
 releasing the decontaminated air stream from the device.  
 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 11 , wherein the irradiating comprises applying short-wavelength ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       13. A method for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, characterized in that it comprises the following process steps:
 the air is brought into a streaming condition;    the air stream created is brought to change direction at least one time in such a way that solid particles which are entrained in the contaminated air stream are removed;    cooler air is supplied to the air stream;    the air stream is at a temperature such that water and organic substances that are in the vapour phase in the contaminated air stream are condensed and subsequently removed from that stream;    the air stream is radiated with ultra-violet light after the cooler air is supplied; and    the air stream is subsequently released.   
     
     
       14. The method according to  claim 13 , characterized in that cooler air is supplied to the air stream before the air stream is radiated with the ultra-violet light so that the contaminated air stream undergoing the radiation with ultra-violet light has a temperature that approaches an efficient working temperature for the radiation of the air stream by the ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       15. The method according to  claim 13 , characterized in that the air stream is radiated with short wavelength ultra-violet light at the radiation step. 
     
     
       16. The method according to  claim 13 , characterized in that the air stream is cooled to the temperature such that the water and organic substances in the vapor phase in the contaminated air condense. 
     
     
       17. The method according to  claim 13  further comprising supplying oxygen to the contaminated air stream before the air stream is radiated with ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       18. The method according to  claim 17  further comprising forming ozone in situ for oxidizing the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable radiation byproducts. 
     
     
       19. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, having a housing and at least one ventilator for sending an air stream through the housing, which filter device comprises:
 a first chamber with an opening, which receives a contaminated air stream and air at a temperature lower than that of the air stream;    a second chamber with a number of sheets places transversely to the main direction of the air stream for making the air stream change direction at least one time in such a way that solid particles which are entrained in the contaminated air stream are removed;    an electric evaporator;    a third chamber with a number of UV lamps for radiating the air stream with ultra-violet light; and    a fourth chamber of a volume, which allows the air stream to stay for an interval of time in the chamber, and which has an opening, through which purified air is released;    wherein each chamber is connected to the next in succession.   
     
     
       20. The filter device according to  claim 19 , characterized in that the contaminated air stream in the third chamber has a temperature that approaches an efficient working temperature for the UV lamps. 
     
     
       21. The filter device according to  claim 19 , characterized in that in the first chamber there is placed at least one sheet for distribution of the stream of contaminated air. 
     
     
       22. The filter device according to  claim 19 , characterized in that there, in the second chamber transversely to the main direction of the air stream, are placed at least two rows of sheets, that the sheets in each row are placed at a mutual distance, and that each sheet is placed opposite a sheet in the adjoining row. 
     
     
       23. The filter device according to  claim 19 , wherein the electric evaporator is located before the third chamber. 
     
     
       24. The filter device according to  claim 19 , characterized in that the lamps in the third chamber are high-pressure UV lamps and/or low-pressure UV lamps for emission of short-wavelength ultra-violet light within a predetermined spectrum and that the temperature of the contaminated air stream in the third chamber approaches  38 ° C. 
     
     
       25. A filter device according to  claim 19 , characterized in that the ventilator is connected to the opening of the fourth chamber. 
     
     
       26. A filter device for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, having a housing and at least one ventilator for sending an air stream through the housing, which filter device comprises:
 a source for supplying oxygen such that the supplied oxygen forms ozone in situ for oxidizing the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable reaction byproducts;    a first chamber with an opening, which receives a contaminated air stream and air at a temperature lower than that of the air stream;    a second chamber with a number of sheets placed transversely to the main direction of the air stream for making the air stream change direction at least one time in such a way that solid particles which are entrained in the contaminated air stream are removed;    a third chamber with a number of UV lamps for radiating the air stream with ultra-violet light; and    a fourth chamber of a volume, which allows the air stream to stay for an interval of time in the chamber, and which has an opening, through which purified air is released;    wherein each chamber is connected to the next in succession.   
     
     
       27. A method for removing and/or destroying organic substances in contaminated air, which comprises:
 bringing the contaminated air having a plurality of solid particles into a streaming condition to create a contaminated air stream in a device;    changing the direction of the contaminated air stream at least one time in a way sufficient to remove solid particles entrained in the contaminated air stream;    lowering the temperature of the contaminated air stream by exposure to cooler air;    irradiating the contaminated air stream within a treatment zone with ultra-violet light irradiation after lowering the temperature; and    releasing the treated air stream from the device.   
     
     
       28. The method of  claim 27 , further comprising supplying oxygen or air to the contaminated air stream prior to the irradiating step to create ozone in situ to oxidize the organic substances into carbon oxides at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid undesirable radiation byproducts, thereby decontaminating the air stream. 
     
     
       29. The method of  claim 27 , wherein the irradiating comprises applying short-wavelength ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       30. The method of  claim 27 , wherein the cooler air is supplied to the air stream before the air stream is radiated with ultra-violet light so that the contaminated air stream in the treatment zone has a temperature that approaches an efficient working temperature for the ultra-violet light irradiation. 
     
     
       31. A method for removal and/or destruction of organic substances in contaminated air, characterized in that it comprises the following successive process steps:
 bringing into a device a contaminated air stream having a plurality of solid particles and moving in a particular direction;    changing the direction of the contaminated air stream at least one time in a manner sufficient to remove solid particles that are entrained in the contaminated air stream;    supplying the contaminated air stream at a temperature such that water vapor and gaseous organic substances condense and removing the condensed water and condensed organic substances from the contaminated air stream;    supplying the contaminated air stream with oxygen or air;    irradiating the contaminated air stream within a treatment zone that contains ultra-violet light to create ozone from the oxygen to oxidize organic substances into carbon oxides at a temperature that is sufficiently low to avoid undesirable radiation byproducts, thereby decontaminating the air stream; and    releasing the decontaminated air stream from the device.   
     
     
       32. The method of  claim 31 , wherein the contaminated air stream in the treatment zone has a temperature that approaches an efficient working temperature for irradiation by the ultra-violet light. 
     
     
       33. The method of  claim 31 , wherein the oxygen or air is supplied to the contaminated air stream in a secondary flow prior to the irradiating step.