Operational amplifier having stable operations for a wide range of source voltage, and current detector circuit employing a small number of elements

Abstract

An operational amplifier has a differential amplification section, an output section, a control signal generation unit, and a drive control unit. The output section has a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type that is opposite to the first conductivity type. The first and second transistors are connected in series between a first power source unit and a second power source unit, and the first transistor is driven according to an output of the differential amplification section. The control signal generation unit is used to detect a current flowing through the first transistor and generate a control signal in response to the detected current. The drive control unit is used to drive the second transistor in response to the control signal.

What is claimed is:  
     
       1. An operational amplifier comprising: 
       a differential amplification section;  
       an output section having a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type that is opposite to said first conductivity type, said first and second transistors being connected in series between a first power source means and a second power source means, said first transistor being driven according to an output of said differential amplification section;  
       a control signal generation means  generator for detecting a current flowing through said first transistor and generating a control signal in response to the detected current; and  
       a drive control means  controller for controlling said second transistor to increase or decrease a current flowing through said second transistor if the current flowing through said first transistor detected by said control signal generation means  generator decreases or increases, respectively.  
     
     
       2. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  1 , wherein: 
       said control signal generation means  generator has a third transistor of said first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said first power source means and a control terminal connected to the output of said differential amplification section as well as to the control terminal of said first transistor; and  
       said drive control means has fourth and fifth transistors of said first conductivity type having first terminals connected to said first power source means, a sixth transistor of said second conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said second power source means and a control terminal and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of said fifth transistor as well as to the control terminal of said second transistor, and a constant current source, the control terminal and second terminal of said fourth transistor being connected to said second power source means through said constant current source, to the control terminal of said fifth transistor, and to the second terminal of said third transistor, to receive the control signal from said control signal generation means .  
     
     
       3. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  2   15 , wherein a current flowing through said first transistor is connectedproportional to a current flowing through said third transistor in a current mirror configuration,control signal generator, and said fourth transistor is connected to said fifth transistor in a current mirror configuration, and said second transistor is connected to said sixth transistor in a current mirror configuration . 
     
     
       4. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  1 , wherein: 
       said control signal generation means has a third transistor of a first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said first power source means and a control terminal connected to the output of said differential amplification section as well as to the control terminal of said first transistor; and 
       a drive control means  controller has fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors of said second conductivity type having first terminals connected to said second power source means, and a constant current source, the second terminal of said fifth transistor, the second terminal and control terminal of said sixth transistor, and the control terminal of said second transistor being connected to said first power source means through said constant current source, the second terminal and control terminal of said fourth transistor and the control terminal of said fifth transistor being connected to the second terminal of said third transistor  an output terminal of said control signal generator, to receive the control signal from said control signal generation means  generator.  
     
     
       5. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  4 , wherein a current flowing through said first transistor is connected  proportional to a current flowing through said third transistor in a current mirror configuration  control signal generator, said fourth transistor is connected to said fifth transistor in a current mirror configuration, and said second transistor is connected to said sixth transistor in a current mirror configuration. 
     
     
       6. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  1 , wherein said drive control means  controller controls said second transistor to pass  increase a current thereof if a current flowing through said first transistor detected by said control signal generation means is larger than a predetermined value  generator is decreased; and controls said second transistor to decrease the current thereof if the current flowing through said first transistor detected by said control signal generator is increased. 
     
     
       7. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  6   1 , wherein: 
       said control signal generation means has a third transistor of said first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said first power source means and a control terminal connected to the output of said differential amplification section as well as to the control terminal of said first transistor; and 
       said drive control means  controller has a first load means, a fourth transistor of said first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to the control terminal of said first transistor as well as to the control terminal of said third transistor  an input terminal of said control signal generator and a second terminal connected to the control terminal of said second transistor as well as to said second power source means through said first load means, and a first constant current source, the second terminal of said third transistor  second load means, an output terminal of said control signal generator and the control terminal of said fourth transistor being connected to said second power source means through said first constant current source  second load means.  
     
     
       8. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  7   1 , wherein said operational amplifier further comprises a second constant current source arranged between said second power source means and a node between the second terminal of said first transistor and the second terminal of said second transistor. 
     
     
       9. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  7 , wherein a current flowing through said first transistor is connected  proportional to a current flowing through said third transistor in a current mirror configuration  control signal generator. 
     
     
       10. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  7 any one of claims  1  to  9  or  15  to  17 , wherein: 
       said differential amplification section has third and fourth transistors of said second conductivity type, fifth and sixth transistors of said first conductivity type, and a constant current source, the first terminals of said third and fourth transistors being connected to said second power source means through said constant current source, the control terminals of said third and fourth transistors receiving first and second inputs, respectively, the first terminals of said fifth and sixth transistors being connected to said first power source means, the control terminals of said fifth and sixth transistors being connected to the second terminal of said fifth transistor as well as to the second terminal of said third transistor, the output of said differential amplification section being provided from a node between the second terminal of said sixth transistor and the second terminal of said fourth transistor.  
     
     
       11. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  1 any one of claims  1  to  9  or  15  to  17 , wherein, in said output section, the first terminal of said first transistor is connected to said first power source means, the control terminal of said first transistor is connected to the output of said differential amplification section, the first terminal of said second transistor is connected to said second power source means, the control terminal of said second transistor is connected to the output of said drive control means, and a node between the second terminal of said first transistor and the second terminal of said second transistor provides the output of said operational amplifier. 
     
     
       12. An operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims  1 or  3   to  11   9  or  15  to  17 , wherein said first conductivity type is a P-channel type, said second conductivity type is an N-channel type, said transistors are MIS transistors, said first terminal is a source, said second terminal is a drain, and said control terminal is a gate. 
     
     
       13. An operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims  1 or  3   to  11   9  or  15  to  17 , wherein said first conductivity type is a PNP type, said second conductivity type is an NPN type, said transistors are bipolar transistors, said first terminal is an emitter, said second terminal is a collector, and said control terminal is a base. 
     
     
       14. An operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims  1 or  3  to  11 to  9  or  15  to  17 , wherein said operational amplifier constitutes a semiconductor integrated circuit. 
     
     
       15. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  1 , wherein: 
       
         said drive controller has fourth and fifth transistors of said first conductivity type having first terminals connected to said first power source means, and a constant current source, the control terminal and second terminal of said fourth transistor being connected to said second power source means through said constant current source, to the control terminal of said fifth transistor, and to an output terminal of said control signal generator, in order to receive the control signal from said control signal generator. 
       
     
     
       16. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  15 , wherein 
       
         said drive controller further has a sixth transistor of said second conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said second power source means and a control terminal and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of said fifth transistor as well as to the control terminal of said second transistor. 
       
     
     
       17. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  16 , wherein said second transistor is connected to said sixth transistor in a current mirror configuration. 
     
     
       18. An operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims  1  to  9  or  15  to  17 , wherein said first conductivity type is an N- channel type, said second conductivity type is a P - channel type, said transistors are MIS transistors, said first terminal is a source, said second terminal is a drain, and said control terminal is a gate.   
     
     
       19. An operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims  1  to  9  or  15  to  17 , wherein said first conductivity type is an NPN type, said second conductivity type is a PNP type, said transistors are bipolar transistors, said first terminal is an emitter, said second terminal is a collector, and said control terminal is a base. 
     
     
       20. An operational amplifier comprising: 
       
         an output section having a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type that is opposite to said first conductivity type, said first and second transistors being connected in series between a first power source means and a second power source means, said first transistor being driven according to a driving signal;  
       
       
         a control signal generator for detecting a current flowing through said first transistor and generating a control signal in response to the detected current; and  
       
       
         a drive controller for controlling said second transistor to increase or decrease a current flowing through said second transistor if the current flowing through said first transistor detected by said control signal generator decreases or increases, respectively. 
       
     
     
       21. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  20 , wherein: 
       
         said control signal generator has a third transistor of said first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said first power source means and a control terminal which receives said driving signal and is connected to the control terminal of said first transistor. 
       
     
     
       22. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  20 , wherein: 
       
         said drive controller has fourth and fifth transistors of said first conductivity type having first terminals connected to said first power source means, and a constant current source, the control terminal and second terminal of said fourth transistor being connected to said second power source means through said constant current source, to the control terminal of said fifth transistor and to an output terminal of said control signal generator, in order to receive the control signal from said control signal generator. 
       
     
     
       23. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  22 , wherein: 
       
         said drive controller further has a sixth transistor of said second conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said second power source means and a control terminal and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of said fifth transistor as well as to the control terminal of said second transistor. 
       
     
     
       24. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  22 , wherein a current flowing through said first transistor is proportional to a current flowing through said control signal generator, and said fourth transistor is connected to said fifth transistor in a current mirror configuration. 
     
     
       25. An operational amplifier as claimed in claim  23 , wherein said second transistor is connected to said sixth transistor in a current mirror configuration. 
     
     
       26. An amplifier comprising: 
       
         an output section having a first transistor of a first conductivity type and a second transistor of a second conductivity type that is opposite to said first conductivity type, said first and second transistors being connected in series between a first power source means and a second power source means, said first transistor being driven according to a driving signal;  
       
       
         a control signal generator for detecting a current flowing through said first transistor and generating a control signal in response to the detected current; and  
       
       
         a drive controller for controlling said second transistor to increase or decrease a current flowing through said second transistor if the current flowing through said first transistor detected by said control signal generator decreases or increases, respectively. 
       
     
     
       27. An amplifier as claimed in claim  26 , wherein 
       
         said control signal generator has a third transistor of said first conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said first power source means and a control terminal which receives said driving signal as well as the control terminal of said first transistor. 
       
     
     
       28. An amplifier as claimed in claim  27 , wherein: 
       
         said drive controller has fourth and fifth transistors of said first conductivity type having first terminals connected to said first power source means, and a constant current source, the control terminal and second terminal of said fourth transistor being connected to said second power source means through said constant current source, to the control terminal of said fifth transistor, and to an output terminal of said control signal generator, in order to receive the control signal from said control signal generator. 
       
     
     
       29. An amplifier as claimed in claim  28 , wherein: 
       
         said drive controller further has a sixth transistor of said second conductivity type having a first terminal connected to said second power source means and a control terminal and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of said fifth transistor as well as to the control terminal of said second transistor. 
       
     
     
       30. An amplifier as claimed in claim  28 , wherein a current flowing through said first transistor is proportional to a current flowing through said control signal generator, and said fourth transistor is connected to said fifth transistor in a current mirror configuration. 
     
     
       31. An amplifier as claimed in claim  29 , wherein said second transistor is connected to said sixth transistor in a current mirror configuration.