Sludge collection apparatus and method

Abstract

A sludge collector for removing sludge from the bottom of a tank for clarifying wastewater includes an elongate curved housing placed on the bottom of the tank, with the focus of the curve being the center of the floor, the housing defining an interior cavity, and a plurality of relatively small inlets spaced along the length of the housing for the introduction of sludge from the sludge blanket. The inlets are disposed adjacent the floor to remove the most concentrated sludge therefrom. The cross-sectional area of the housing increases from the ends to the midpoint, where an outlet pipe removes the sludge from the cavity under positive hydraulic pressure and applied negative pressure. The sludge collector is designed for most efficient use with spiral or curved scraper blades in a cylindrical clarifying tank.

I claim: . . 
     
       1.  In an apparatus for clarifying wastewater having a generally cylindrical tank with an open top and a closed bottom, a wastewater inlet for receiving influent wastewater into the tank, a rake arm mounted to rotate about a central axis of the tank, at least one scraper mounted on the rake arm and disposed adjacent the bottom of the tank for transport of sludge when the rake arm is rotated, and a wastewater outlet for discharging clarified effluent wastewater from the tank, an improved sludge collector comprising: a generally bent elongate housing defining an interior cavity and disposed near the tank bottom, the housing being oriented in a generally horizontal plane and being bent generally around the tank's central axis;   a plurality of sludge inlets leading through the housing into the cavity and disposed so as to receive sludge directed toward the housing by the at least one scraper; and   a sludge outlet leading through the housing from the cavity for transportation of sludge from the cavity..!.. .2. The apparatus of claim 1   
     
     
        wherein the sludge inlets comprise apertures in the housing..!.. .3.  The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is generally curvilinear with its focus at or near the tank's central axis, and the housing has first and second ends and the sludge outlet is disposed at approximately the midpoint of the housing's length, and wherein the cross-sectional area of the cavity is larger near the sludge outlet than at the ends of the housing..!.. .4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the cavity's cross-section is approximately rectangular and its height is uniform throughout its length while its width increases from the ends to the midpoint of the housing..!.. .5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the cavity's cross-sectional area gradually and uniformly increases from the ends to the midpoint of the housing..!.. .6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the cavity's cross-sectional area increases in stages from the ends to the midpoint of the housing..!.. .7. The apparatus of claim 3 further wherein the sludge inlets are of approximately uniform size and shape and spaced approximately uniformly along the length of the housing..!.. .8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is generally curvilinear with its focus at or near the tank's central axis, and the housing has first and second ends, and the sludge outlet is disposed at approximately the midpoint of the housing, and the cross-sectional area of the cavity is approximately uniform throughout its length, and wherein the sludge inlets are spaced along the length of the housing and increase in size from the ends to the midpoint of the housing..!.. .9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is generally curvilinear with its focus at or near the tank's central axis, and the housing has first and second ends, and the sludge outlet is disposed at approximately the midpoint of the housing, and the cross-sectional area of the cavity is approximately uniform throughout its length, and wherein the sludge inlets are disposed along the length of the housing, the spacing between the sludge inlets decreasing from the ends to the midpoint of the housing..!.. .10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is attached to the tank bottom and wherein the sludge inlets are disposed on a side of the housing adjacent the tank bottom..!.. .11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is attached to the rake arm and rotates therewith, and wherein the sludge inlets are disposed on the bottom surface of the housing..!.. .12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the top of the housing is approximately flush with or slightly below the tank bottom and the sludge inlets are disposed on the top surface of the housing..!.. .13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is an annulus..!.. .14. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for applying a negative pressure on sludge inside the cavity to urge the sludge into the sludge outlet..!.. .15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is in the shape of an arc at an approximately uniform radial distance from the tank center of 10 to 20 percent of the rank radius..!.. .16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing is in the shape of an arc at an approximately uniform radial distance from the tank center of 15 percent of the tank radius..!.. .17. Wastewater clarification apparatus comprising: a tank adapted for holding wastewater, the tank including a generally cylindrical sidewall, an open top, and a floor;   means for supplying influent wastewater into the tank;   means for removing effluent wastewater from the tank;   a rake arm disposed within the tank and adapted for rotational movement around the tank's central axis;   means for rotating the rake arm;   an elongate scraper blade oriented such that its proximal end is oriented generally toward the center of the tank and its distal end is oriented generally toward the sidewall, the scraper blade being disposed adjacent the tank floor and attached to the rake arm for rotational movement therewith, such that the scraper blade transports sludge settled out of the wastewater toward a sludge collector; and   a sludge collector disposed near the tank floor comprising: an approximately arc-shaped housing with its focus approximately at the center of the tank, the housing defining an interior cavity therein;   a plurality of inlets leading through the housing into the cavity for transportation of sludge from the tank to the cavity, the inlets being disposed so as to receive sludge transported by the scraper blade; and   an outlet leading through the housing from the cavity for transportation of     
     
     
        sludge from the cavity..!.. .18.  The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the floor is generally frustoconical with its center lower than its periphery and further comprising a plurality of scraper blades each curved from its proximal to its distal end, and wherein each scraper blade increases in depth toward its proximal end..!.. .19. The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising a reversed scraper blade attached to the rake arm and disposed adjacent the floor between the center of the tank and the housing..!.. .20. Method for clarifying wastewater and transporting resulting settled sludge comprising the steps of: supplying the wastewater to a generally cylindrical clarification tank;   allowing solids to settle out of the wastewater to the floor of the tank to form sludge;   moving the sludge along the floor toward a curved sludge collector disposed near the floor of the tank around the central region of the tank;   moving the sludge from the central region of the tank floor into the sludge collector through a plurality of apertures along the sludge collector; and   removing the sludge from the sludge collector..!.. .21. The method of claim 20 wherein the step of moving the sludge from the central region of the tank floor into the sludge collector through a plurality of apertures includes uniformly moving the sludge through a plurality of inlets disposed in spaced arrangement along the length of the collector..!.. .22. The method of claim 20 wherein the step of moving the sludge along the floor toward the curved sludge collector includes moving the sludge between the collector and the tank periphery inwardly and moving the   
     
     
        sludge between the collector and the tank center outwardly..!..Iadd.23. In an apparatus for clarifying wastewater having a tank with an open top and a closed bottom, a wastewater inlet for receiving influent wastewater into the tank, a rake arm mounted to rotate about a central axis of the tank, at least one scraper mounted on the rake arm and disposed adjacent the bottom of the tank for transport of sludge when the rake arm is rotated, and an outlet for discharging clarified effluent wastewater from the tank, an improved sludge collector comprising: a sludge collector housing defining a generally annular chamber adjacent the tank bottom, the housing being bent generally around the tank's central axis to locate said chamber a selected distance outwardly from said central axis;   a plurality of sludge inlets leading through the housing into the chamber and disposed so as to receive sludge directed toward the housing by the at least one scraper;   a sludge outlet extending from said chamber for transportation of sludge from the chamber; and   means for providing a pressure differential between said chamber and tank with the chamber pressure lower than the tank pressure to effect flow of the sludge through said inlets into the chamber. .Iaddend..Iadd.24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein said chamber has a cross-sectional area   
     
     
        that increases toward said sludge outlet. .Iaddend..Iadd.25.  The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said chamber has a substantially rectangular cross-section having a height that is substantially constant and a width that increases toward said sludge outlet. .Iaddend..Iadd.26. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein said sludge inlets are of approximately uniform size and are spaced uniformly apart along said housing. .Iaddend..Iadd.27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein said tank is generally cylindrical and said chamber is located outwardly from the tank's central axis a distance equal to about 10 to 20 percent of the tank radius. .Iaddend..Iadd.28. Wastewater clarification apparatus comprising: a tank adapted for holding wastewater, said tank having a side wall, an open top and a floor;   means for supplying influent wastewater into the tank;   means for removing effluent wastewater from the tank;   a rake arm disposed within the tank and adapted for rotational movement around the tank's central axis;   means for rotating the rake arm;   an elongate scraper blade oriented such that its proximal end is oriented generally toward the center of the tank and its distal end is oriented generally toward the side wall, the scraper blade being disposed adjacent the tank floor and attached to the rake arm for rotational movement therewith, such that the scraper blade transports sludge settled out of the wastewater toward a sludge collector; and   a sludge collector disposed near the tank floor comprising: an arcuate housing defining a generally annular sludge collection chamber therein having a focus at said central axis, said chamber being spaced outwardly from said axis a distance equal to approximately 10-20 percent of the distance between said side wall and central axis;   a plurality of inlets to said chamber disposed to receive sludge transported by the scraper blade for directing the sludge into said chamber; and   an outlet from said chamber for transporting sludge therefrom. .Iaddend..Iadd.29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the floor is generally frustoconical with its center lower than its periphery and further comprising a plurality of scraper blades each curved from its proximal to its distal end, and wherein each scraper blade increases in depth toward its proximal end. .Iaddend..Iadd.30. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising a reversed scraper blade attached to the rake arm and disposed adjacent the floor between the center of the tank and the     
     
     
        housing. .Iaddend..Iadd.31.  The apparatus of claim 28, wherein said chamber is spaced outwardly from said axis a distance equal to approximately 10-20 percent of the distance between said side wall and central axis. .Iaddend..Iadd.32. Method for clarifying wastewater and transporting resulting settled sludge comprising the steps of: supplying the wastewater to a generally cylindrical clarification tank;   allowing solids to settle out of the wastewater to the floor of the tank to form sludge;   moving the sludge along the tank floor toward an annular sludge collector disposed near the tank floor and spaced outwardly from the center of the tank;   moving the sludge from the tank floor into the sludge collector through a plurality of apertures spaced along the sludge collector; and   removing the sludge from the sludge collector. .Iaddend..Iadd.33. The method of claim 32, wherein the step of moving the sludge along the floor toward the sludge collector includes moving the sludge between the collector and tank periphery inwardly and moving the sludge between the collector and the tank center outwardly. .Iaddend..Iadd.34. The method of claim 32, wherein said sludge collector is spaced outwardly from the center of the tank a distance of approximately 10% to 20% of the tank radius. .Iaddend.