Fan nozzle

Abstract

A blast nozzle is provided for cleaning a surface with a blast media which is softer and more friable than sand such as sodium bicarbonate and which comprises an inlet section which contains a passageway which converges substantially along only one .[.planar axis.]. .Iadd.direction .Iaddend.to a rectangular venturi orifice and a fan-shaped outlet section which contains a passageway which diverges along substantially only one .[.planar axis.]. .Iadd.direction .Iaddend.perpendicular to the .[.planar axis.]. .Iadd.direction .Iaddend.of convergence of the converging passageway, the inlet passageway being .[.greater.]. .Iadd.longer .Iaddend.than twice the diameter of the inlet of the nozzle so as to provide streamlined flow and reduce turbulent flow of the friable blast media in the blast nozzle. The passageways in the blast nozzle are formed by opposed modular structures which are releasably secured to the nozzle and can be changed to change the length and angle of convergence and expansion ratio of the nozzle.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A blast nozzle for cleaning a surface with a soft and friable abrasive blast media, comprising: an inlet portion, an orifice and an outlet portion,   said inlet portion containing a circular inlet for receiving a mixture of pressurized air and abrasive blast media and a converging inlet passage communicating with said circular inlet and being formed from at least a first pair of opposing flat .Iadd.top and bottom .Iaddend.surfaces which converge to said orifice .Iadd.and a first pair of opposing side surfaces.Iaddend., said inlet passage converging substantially only by means of said first pair of opposing flat .Iadd.top and bottom .Iaddend.surfaces to said orifice,   said outlet portion comprising an outlet passage diverging from said orifice to an outlet for directing said blast media to said surface for cleaning, said outlet passage being formed from at least a second pair of opposing .Iadd.side .Iaddend.surfaces which diverge from said orifice to said outlet .Iadd.and a second pair of flat top and bottom surfaces.Iaddend., said outlet passage diverging substantially only by means of said second pair of opposing .Iadd.side .Iaddend.surfaces, .[.wherein a plane passing through both of said first pair of opposing flat surfaces is perpendicular to a plane passing through both of said second pair of opposing surfaces,.].   said inlet passage having a length from said inlet to said orifice which is at least twice the diameter of said inlet, and   said inlet passage, said orifice and said outlet passage forming a substantially longitudinal passage from said inlet to said outlet.   
     
     
       2. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein said inlet passage has a length of at least about 4 times the diameter of said inlet. 
     
     
       3. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein said .[.outlet passage is further formed by a third.]. .Iadd.second .Iaddend.pair of .[.opposing.]. .Iadd.flat top and bottom .Iaddend.surfaces .[.which.]. do not diverge from each other from said orifice to said outlet. 
     
     
       4. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein .Iadd.a ratio of .Iaddend.area of said .[.orifice and.]. .Iadd.outlet to .Iaddend.area of said .[.outlet have a ratio.]. .Iadd.orifice is .Iaddend.from about 1.0 to 5.0. 
     
     
       5. The blast nozzle of claim 4 wherein said ratio ranges from about 2.0 to 4.0. 
     
     
       6. The blast nozzle of claim 4 wherein said ratio ranges from about 2.25 to 2.7. 
     
     
       7. The blast nozzle of claim 4 wherein said outlet passage diverges at an angle of from about 0° to 15° from said orifice to said outlet. 
     
     
       8. The blast nozzle of claim 7 wherein said outlet passage diverges at an angle of from about 2° to 9° from said orifice to said outlet. 
     
     
       9. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein said inlet portion is rectangular and wherein said first pair of opposing flat .[.sides.]. .Iadd.top and bottom surfaces .Iaddend.are provided on a respective pair of releasably secured opposed triangular ramps. 
     
     
       10. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein said inlet and outlet portion are formed of stainless steel. 
     
     
       11. The blast nozzle of claim 1 wherein said orifice is rectangular. 
     
     
       12. The blast nozzle of claim 11 wherein said .[.inlet passage is further formed by a fourth.]. .Iadd.first .Iaddend.pair of opposing side surfaces .[.which.]. do not converge from said inlet to said orifice, said first pair of opposing flat .Iadd.top and bottom .Iaddend.surfaces being spaced at said orifice, said .[.fourth.]. .Iadd.first .Iaddend.pair of opposing side surfaces being spaced at said orifice, said rectangular orifice being formed by said spacing of said first pair of opposing flat .[.sides.]. .Iadd.top and bottom surfaces .Iaddend.at said orifice and said spacing of said .[.fourth.]. .Iadd.first .Iaddend.pair of opposing side surfaces at said orifice, the space between said .[.fourth.]. .Iadd.first .Iaddend.pair of opposing side surfaces at said orifice being equal to the diameter of said inlet. 
     
     
       13. A blast nozzle for cleaning a surface with a soft and friable abrasive blast media, comprising: an inlet portion, an orifice and an outlet portion,   said inlet portion containing a circular inlet for receiving a mixture of pressurized air and abrasive blast media and a converging inlet passage communicating with said circular inlet and being formed from at least a first pair of opposing flat surfaces which converge to said orifice, said inlet passage converging substantially only by means of said first pair of opposing flat surfaces to said orifice,   said outlet portion comprising an outlet passage diverging from said orifice to an outlet for directing said blast media to said surface for cleaning, said outlet passage being formed from at least a second pair of opposing surfaces which diverge from said orifice to said outlet, said outlet passage diverging substantially only by means of said second pair of opposing surfaces,   wherein said inlet portion is rectangular and wherein said first pair of opposing flat .[.sides.]. .Iadd.surfaces .Iaddend.are provided on a respective pair of releasably secured opposed triangular ramps.   
     
     
       14. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein said outlet passage is formed in juxtaposed upper and lower blocks which contain said outlet passage therebetween, said upper and lower blocks fully enclosing said outlet passage. 
     
     
       15. The blast nozzle of claim 14 wherein said outlet passage is formed into each of said upper and lower blocks. 
     
     
       16. The blast nozzle of claim 14 wherein said outlet passage is formed in only one of said upper and lower blocks. 
     
     
       17. The blast nozzle of claim 14 wherein said upper and lower blocks are releasably secured to said inlet portion. 
     
     
       18. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein said inlet passage has a length from said inlet to said orifice which is at least twice the diameter of said inlet. 
     
     
       19. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein said inlet passage has a length from said inlet to said orifice which is at least 4 time the diameter of said inlet. .[.20. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein a plane passing through both of said first pair of opposing flat surfaces is perpendicular to a plane passing through both of said second pair of opposing 
     
     
        surfaces..]. 21. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein .Iadd.a ratio of .Iaddend.area of said .[.orifice and.]. .Iadd.outlet to .Iaddend.area of said .[.outlet have a ratio .]. .Iadd.orifice is .Iaddend.from about 2.0 
     
     
        to 4.0. 22. The blast nozzle of claim 13 wherein said inlet portion and said orifice are rectangular.