Tie formed of stressed high-tensile steel tendons

Abstract

A tie for connecting together parts of a structure, for example a stay for suspending the deck of a bridge from a tower, is constructed so that its length can be adjusted in a simple manner with the tie in service. The tie is made up from several stressed steel tendons, enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material. At its ends the sheath incorporates anchoring devices for the transfer of the pull from the tie to the structure. The sheath forms a conduit whose ends are fixed securely to the anchoring devices. The conduit is isolated, throughout its length, from the structure so as to be capable of sliding longitudinally with respect thereto. At least one of the anchoring devices includes connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also includes means for bearing against the structure. This bearing means is adjustable on the anchoring device in the longitudinal direction of the tie. .Iadd.

I claim: .[. 
     
       1.  In a tie constituted by a plurality of stressed steel tendons, enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material and including, at its ends, anchoring devices for the transfer of the pull from the tie to a structure, the said sheath forms a conduit whose ends are fixed securely to said anchoring devices, the said conduit being isolated, throughout its length, from said structure so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect to the structure, at least one of said anchoring devices including connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also including means for bearing against the structure, said bearing means being adjustable on the anchoring device in the longitudinal direction of the tie..]. 
     
     
       2. A tie according to claim .[.1.]. .Iadd.5.Iaddend., in which at least one .[.anchorage.]. .Iadd.anchoring .Iaddend.device includes an externally screw-threaded, cylindrical extension, said extension receiving a nut and constituting, with an annular bearing plate, said adjustable bearing means. 
     
     
       3. A tie according to claim 2, in which said cylindrical extension is tubular and is provided internally with fixing means for one of two relatively movable parts of a tensioning apparatus, the other of said parts bearing against said annular .Iadd.bearing .Iaddend.plate. 
     
     
       4. A tie according to claim .[.1, including .Iadd.5, further comprising.Iaddend., at one end, an anchoring device provided with fixed attachment means for the corresponding ends of the tendons and, at the other end, an anchoring device directly applied against the structure and arranged for the tensioning and anchoring of the tendons. 
     
     
       5. A tie .[.according to claim 1,.]. .Iadd.constituted by a plurality of stressed steel tendons, enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material and including, at its ends, anchoring devices for the transfer of the pull from the tie to a structure,   the said sheath having ends fixed securely to said anchoring devices,   the said sheath being isolated, throughout its length, from said structure so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect to the structure,   at least one of said anchoring devices including connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also including means for bearing against the structure,   said bearing means being adjustable on the anchoring device in the longitudinal direction of the tie,   .[.in which.]. .Iadd.wherein .Iaddend.the .[.conduit.]. .Iadd.sheath .Iaddend.comprises a thin sheath over most of its length and, towards each of the anchoring devices, at least one strong .[.and rigid envelope.]. .Iadd.tube .Iaddend.securely fixed to the tendons by the hardened material and rigidly connected to each of said anchoring devices .[.or to a bearing plate for the anchoring device.]..   
     
     
       6. A tie according to claim 5, in which each of the anchoring devices comprises an anchor plate pierced with openings for the passage of the tendons and the ends of the said tendons are anchored near to the external face of the said anchor plate. 
     
     
       7. A tie according to claim 6, in which the .[.rigid envelope.]. .Iadd.strong tube .Iaddend.is constituted by at least two sections having a diameter increasing towards the adjacent end of the tie, said sections being joined by a junction provided internally with a rounded portion for splaying the tendons in a conical pattern, said tendons passing through the anchor plate individually and being anchored against the external face of the latter. 
     
     
       8. A tie according to claim 5, in which the .[.rigid envelope.]. .Iadd.strong tube .Iaddend.is constituted by a cylindrical part which is connected to a frusto-conical part, for splaying the tendons. 
     
     
       9. A tie according to claim 5, in which the hardenable material inside the .[.rigid.]. .Iadd.strong .Iaddend.tubes is stronger and more adherent than the hardenable material inside the thin sheath. .[.10. A construction structure comprising a plurality of stays extending between a couple of points of said structure distant from each other, each of said stay consisting of a tie constituted by a plurality of stressed steel tendons, enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material and including, at its ends, anchoring devices for the transfer of the pull from the tie to the structure, the said sheath forming a conduit whose ends are fixed securely to said anchoring devices, the said conduit being isolated, throughout its length, from said structure so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect to the structure, at least one of said anchoring devices including connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also including means for bearing against the structure, said bearing means being adjustable on the anchoring device in 
     
     
        the longitudinal direction of the tie..]. .Iadd.11.  A tie according to claim 5, wherein at least one of said anchoring devices comprises a bearing plate and said strong and rigid envelope is rigidly connected to said bearing plate of at least one of said anchoring devices. .Iaddend. 
     
     
        .Iadd.12.  A construction structure comprising: a plurality of stays extending each between a couple of points of the structure distant from each other, each of said stays consisting of a tie constituted by a plurality of stressed steel tendons, enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material,   anchoring devices at each end of each stay for the transfer of the pull from the tie to the structure,   said protective sheath having ends fixedly secured to each of said anchoring devices, with said sheath being isolated, throughout its length, from said structure so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect to the structure,   said structure including a tubular device within said structure between said sheath and said structure, said tubular device being isolated, throughout is length, from said sheath so that said sheath is longitudinally slidable with respect to said tubular device,   at least one of said anchoring devices including connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also including means for bearing against the structure, said bearing means being adjusting on the anchoring   
     
     
        device in the longitudinal direction of the tie. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13.  A construction structure according to claim 12, further comprising sealing means disposed between said tubular device and said sheath for sealing at least one end thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. A tie comprising: a plurality of stressed steel tendons enclosed in a protective sheath filled with hardened material,   a first anchoring device at one end of said tie and a second anchoring device at the other end of said tie for the transfer of the pull from the tie to a structure,   said sheath having ends fixedly secured to said anchoring devices, with said sheath being isolated, throughout its length, from said structure so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect to the structure,   a tubular device within said structure, with said tubular device being isolated, throughout its length, from said sheath so that said sheath is longitudinally slidable with respect to said tubular device,   at least one of said anchoring devices including connection means for the active part of a tensioning apparatus and also including bearing means for bearing against the structure,   said bearing means being adjusted on the anchoring device in the longitudinal direction of the tie. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. A tie according to claim 14, wherein at least one of said anchoring devices further comprises attachment means for the corresponding ends of the tendons, whereby the ends of said tendons may extend through said attachment means and be attached thereto. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. A tie according to claim 14, further comprising an externally screw-threaded, cylindrical extension, said extension receiving a nut and constituting, with said bearing plate, said adjusting means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. A tie according to claim 14, wherein said cylindrical extension is tubular and is provided internally with fixing means for one of two relatively movable parts of a tensioning apparatus, the other of said parts bearing against said annular bearing plate. .Iaddend.