Method of removing water from crude oil containing same

Abstract

A method and apparatus for removing residual water from heavy crude oil comprising a casing, an inlet for admitting liquid crude oil into the casing so as to establish a liquid surface in the casing, an outlet passage for discharging dehydrated liquid crude oil from the casing, a heater in the casing for maintaining the liquid oil at a distillation temperature for evaporating water and light hydrocarbons, a vapor outlet for discharging a mixture of water vapor and light hydrocarbons evaporated from the crude oil, a spray device above the surface of the liquid in the casing for spraying incoming crude oil onto and in heat exchange contact with the surface of the heated oil in the casing, whereby water and light hydrocarbon vapors are distilled from incoming crude oil upon contact with the surface of the heated liquid crude oil.

We claim: 
     
       1. A method for dehydrating crude oil containing water, comprising providing a casing containing a quantity of liquid crude oil and having a liquid surface in said casing, and heating said liquid crude oil in said casing for maintaining said liquid crude oil above a distillation temperature,   spraying crude oil containing water onto the surface of the heated liquid crude oil in the casing so as to cause distillation of water and light hydrocarbons from the sprayed crude oil,   removing the distilled water and light hydrocarbon vapors from an upper portion of said casing above said liquid surface, and   withdrawing dehydrated crude oil from a lower portion of said casing below said liquid surface.   
     
     
       2. A method as in claim 1 and including recycling a portion of the withdrawn dehydrated crude oil into said casing. 
     
     
       3. A method as in claim 1 and including condensing the water and light hydrocarbon vapors removed from said casing and separating the water from said light hydrocarbon vapors by gravity. 
     
     
       4. A method as in claim 3 and including diluting said crude oil containing water with the condensed, separated light hydrocarbon vapors prior to spraying the crude oil containing water into said casing. 
     
     
       5. A method as in claim 1 and including subjecting said crude oil containing water to a gravity separation step prior to said spraying step to remove a portion of the water and entrained solids therefrom. 
     
     
       6. A method as in claim 1 and including maintaining the liquid level in said casing within a predetermined range. 
     
     
       7. A method for dehydrating crude oil containing water, comprising subjecting said crude oil to a gravity separation step to remove a portion of the water and entrained solids therefrom and to produce partially dehydrated crude oil,   providing a casing containing a quantity of liquid crude oil heated to a distillation temperature and having a liquid surface in said casing,   spraying the partially dehydrated crude oil onto the surface of the heated liquid crude oil so as to cause distillation of water and light hydrocarbons from the sprayed partially dehydrated crude oil,   separating the water and light hydrocarbons from the vapor by condensation,   spraying a recycled portion of dehydrated crude oil in countercurrent manner to the vapors emanating from said casing, and   mixing a recycled portion of the condensed light hydrocarbons with said crude oil prior to said gravity separation step. .Iadd.   
     
     
       8.  A method of dehydrating crude oil containing water, comprising: providing a casing containing a quantity of liquid crude oil and having a liquid surface in said casing, and heating said liquid crude oil in said casing for maintaining said liquid crude oil above a distillation temperature,   distributing crude oil containing water onto the surface of the heated liquid crude oil in the casing so as to cause distillation of water and light hydrocarbons from the distributed crude oil,   removing the distilled water and light hydrocarbon vapors from an upper portion of said casing above said liquid surface, and   withdrawing dehydrated crude oil from a lower portion of said casing below said liquid surface. .Iaddend. .Iadd.9. A method as in claim 8 and including recycling a portion of the withdrawn dehydrated crude oil into said casing. .Iaddend. .Iadd.10. A method as in claim 8 and including condensing the water and light hydrocarbon vapors removed from said casing and separating the water from said light hydrocarbon vapors by gravity.   
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.11.  A method as in claim 10 and including diluting said crude oil containing water with the condensed, separated light hydrocarbon vapors prior to distributing the crude oil containing water into said casing. .Iaddend. .Iadd.12. A method as in claim 8 and including subjecting said crude oil containing water to a gravity separation step prior to said distributing step to remove a portion of the water and entrained solids therefrom. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13. A method as in claim 8 and including maintaining the liquid level in said casing within a predetermined range. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. A method for dehydrating crude oil containing water, comprising subjecting said crude oil to a gravity separation step to remove a portion of the water and entrained solids therefrom and to produce partially dehydrated crude oil,   providing a casing containing a quantity of liquid crude oil heated to a distillation temperature and having a liquid surface in said casing,   distributing the partially dehydrated crude oil onto the surface of the heated liquid crude oil so as to cause distillation of water and light hydrocarbons from the distributed partially dehydrated crude oil,   separating the water and light hydrocarbons from the vapor by condensation,   spraying a recycled portion of dehydrated crude oil in countercurrent manner to the vapors emanating from said casing, and   mixing a recycled portion of the condensed light hydrocarbons with said crude oil prior to said gravity separation step. .Iaddend.