Dietary supplementation with essential metal picolinates

Abstract

The levels of essential metals in the mammalian system can be precisely controlled by administering these metals in the form of exogenously synthesized coordination complexes of picolinic acid. The complexes are characterized by the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein M represents the metallic cation and n is equal to the cation's valence.

I claim: 
     
       1. A food composition for selectively supplementing essential metals in a mammalian diet and for facilitating absorption of said metals by the mammalian system comprising a food composition containing an effective amount of at least one exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex characterized by the following structural formula: ##STR3## wherein M represents the metallic cation and n is equal to the cation's valence.Iadd., whereby said exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex is supplemental to any endogenous essential metal picolinate present in said composition.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       2. The composition as described in claim 1 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is zinc picolinate. 
     
     
       3. The composition as described in claim .[.1.]. .Iadd.20 .Iaddend.wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is ferrous picolinate. 
     
     
       4. A method for selectively supplementing essential metals in a mammalian diet and for facilitating absorption of said metals by the mammalian system comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of an exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex characterized by the following structural formula: ##STR4## wherein M represents the metallic cation and n is equal to the cation's valence.Iadd., whereby said exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex is supplemental to any endogenous essential metal picolinate present in said composition.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       5. The method as described in claim 4 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is administered orally. 
     
     
       6. The method as described in claim 5 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is administered as an aqueous solution. 
     
     
       7. The method as described in claim 5 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is administered in combination with a food material. 
     
     
       8. The method as described in claim 4 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is zinc picolinate. 
     
     
       9. The method as described in claim .[.4.]. .Iadd.21 .Iaddend.wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is ferrous picolinate. 
     
     
       10. The method as described in claim 4 wherein said mammal is a human. 
     
     
       11. The method as described in claim 4 wherein said mammal is a domesticated animal. .Iadd. 
     
     
       12.  A food composition for selectively supplementing an essential metal selected from the group consisting of iron, chromium, copper, cobalt, and manganese in a mammalian diet and for facilitating absorption of said metal by the mammalian system comprising a food composition containing an effective amount of at least one exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex characterized by the following structural formula: ##STR5## wherein M represents the cation of said metal and n is equal to the cation's valence. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 
     
     
       13.  The composition as described in claim 12 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is chromium picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. The composition as described in claim 12 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is copper picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. The composition as described in claim 12 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is cobalt picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. The composition as described in claim 12 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is manganese picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. A method for selectively supplementing an essential metal selected from the group consisting of iron, chromium, copper, cobalt, and manganese in a mammalian diet and for facilitating absorption of said metal by the mammalian system comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of an exogenously synthesized essential metal picolinate complex characterized by the following structural formula: ##STR6## wherein M represents the cation of said metal and n is equal to the 
     
     
        cation's valence. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18.  The method as described in claim 17 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is chromium picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. The method as described in claim 17 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is copper picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20. The method as described in claim 17 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is cobalt picolinate. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. The method as described in claim 17 wherein said essential metal picolinate complex is manganese picolinate. .Iaddend.