Liquid crystal display device

Abstract

A multi-color liquid crystal display includes liquid crystal micro-shutters which open and close filters arranged as dots in a mosaic or stripe pattern. Fine and clear color image display and color graphic display are realized in the device wherein the filters are within the LCD panel, being formed on one substrate and covered by the driving electrode. The circuitry for driving the display includes a driving circuit for receiving three primary color signals, and a color selection circuit for selecting sequentially for input to the driving circuit each one of the three primary color signals. The color selection circuit selects the three primary colors only once per horizontal scan of the picture elements. The circuitry for driving the display also includes an element selecting circuit for selecting the picture elements in sequence. The driving circuit applies selected color signals from the color selection circuit to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in the selected picture element. The element selecting circuit has timing signal inputs for timing signals to time the selection of picture elements in sequence for driving. The element selecting circuit may select the elements at different times so that successive selected elements of different colors are selected at successive times. The times may be selected, and the periods of selection may have a duration, so that successive elements are selected at times that partially overlap one another.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals said color selection means including a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for receiving timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving.   
     
     
       2. The liquid crystal display of claim 1 in which the color selection means has three color inputs and three color outputs and is configured so that at any given time each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected. 
     
     
       3. The liquid crystal display of claim 1 in which the control means comprises a one-third frequency divider having an input for receiving a clock signal also supplied to said element selecting means, a first divided output and a second divided output, the second divided output being one-half the frequency of the first divided output; and a decoder having signal inputs for receiving said first and second divided outputs, the decoder having three decoder outputs, each decoder output being supplied to the switching means for controlling the switching means to connect each color input sequentially to each color output. 
     
     
       4. The liquid crystal display of claim 1 in which said driving circuit means comprises a switching device for each column of said matrix, the switching device of every third column being connected to one given color output line. 
     
     
       5. The liquid crystal display of claim 1 in which said element selecting means includes a shift register having a series of flip-flops, the flip-flops each having a clock input for receiving a clock signal, a master output signal and a slave output signal, the master output signal and the slave output signal being shifted in time from one another by one-half a period of said clock signal, the master outputs and the slave outputs being connected to alternate ones of control inputs of said driving circuit means. 
     
     
       6. The liquid crystal display of claim 1 further comprising grey scale means for providing color signals to said driving circuit means in the form of pulses having a length corresponding to amplitudes of said color signals. 
     
     
       7. The liquid crystal display of claim 6 in which said grey scale means comprises: an analog to digital converter means associated with each color for converting the color signals to respective digital color signals representative of amplitude of said color signals, said digital color signals being supplied to said color selection means;   a shift register for each color output of said color selection means for receiving one of said digital color signals and for successively shifting said digital color signal to a plurality of output stages;   a data storage means for storing said digital color signals from said shift registers, the data storage means having digital color signal outputs corresponding to said digital color signals; and   a pulse forming means for forming said pulses in accordance with said digital color signal outputs and representative of said amplitude of said color input signals, said driving circuit means receiving said pulses.   
     
     
       8. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals said color selection means includes a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for receiving timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving wherein the switching means comprises:   three groups of switches, each group of switches having three switches therein, the switches in a group each having an output terminal, the output terminals of the switches in a group being connected together and to one of said color outputs, each switch in a group being connected to one of said color inputs; the switching means further comprising three switching input signal lines, each one of said switching input signal lines being connected to a switch control input of one switch in each group of switches so that when a signal is applied to one of said switching input lines each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected.   
     
     
       9. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals, and color selection means including a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving, said element selection means including means for selecting said elements at different times so that successive selected elements of different colors are selected at successive times.   
     
     
       10. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 in which the color selection means has three color inputs and three color outputs and is configured so that at any given time each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected. 
     
     
       11. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 in which the control means comprises a one-third frequency divider having an input for receiving a clock signal also supplied to said element selecting means, a first divided output and a second divided output, the second divided output being one-half the frequency of the first divided output; and a decoder having signal inputs for receiving said first and second divided outputs, the decoder having three decoder outputs, each decoder output being supplied to the switching means for controlling the switching means to connect each color input sequentially to each color output. 
     
     
       12. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 in which said driving circuit means comprises a switching device for each column of said matrix, the switching device of every third column being connected to one given color output line. 
     
     
       13. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 in which said element selecting means includes a shift register having a series of flip-flops, the flip-flops each having a clock input for receiving a clock signal, a master output signal and a slave output signal, the master output signal and the slave output signal being shifted in time from one another by one-half a period of said clock signal, the master outputs and the slave outputs being connected to alternate ones of control inputs of said driving circuit means. 
     
     
       14. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 further comprising grey scale means for providing color signals to said driving circuits means in the form of pulses having a length corresponding to amplitudes of said color signals. 
     
     
       15. The liquid crystal display of claim 14 in which said grey scale means comprises: an analog to digital converter means associated with each color for converting the color signals to respective digital color signals representative of amplitude of said color signals, said digital color signals being supplied to said color selection means;   a shift register for each color output of said color selection means for receiving one of said digital color signals and for successively shifting said digital color signal to a plurality of output stages;   a data storage means for storing said digital color signals from said shift registers, the data storage means having digital color signal outputs corresponding to said digital color signals; and   a pulse forming means for forming said pulses in accordance with said digital color signal outputs and representative of said amplitude of said color input signals, said driving circuit means receiving said pulses.   
     
     
       16. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals, and color selection means including a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving, said element selection means including means for selecting said elements at different times so that successive selected elements of different colors are selected at successive times wherein the switching means comprises:   three groups of switches, each group of switches having three switches therein, the switches in a group each having an output terminal, the output terminals of the switches in a group being connected together and to one of said color outputs, each switch in a group being connected to one of said color inputs; the switching means further comprising three switching input signal lines, each one of said switching input signal lines being connected to a switch control input of one switch in each group of switches so that when a signal is applied to one of said switching input lines each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected.   
     
     
       17. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals, said color selection means including a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for receiving timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving, said element selection means including means for selecting said elements at times and for periods of time having a duration so that successive elements are selected at times that partially overlap one another.   
     
     
       18. The liquid crystal display of claim 17 in which the color selection means has three color inputs and three color outputs and is configured so that at any given time each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected. 
     
     
       19. The liquid crystal display of claim 17 in which the control means comprises a one-third frequency divider having an input for receiving a clock signal also supplied to said element selecting means, a first divided output and a second divided output, the second divided output being one-half the frequency of the first divided output; and a decoder having signal inputs for receiving said first and second divided outputs, the decoder having three decoder outputs, each decoder output being supplied to the switching means for controlling the switching means to connect each color input sequentially to each color output. 
     
     
       20. The liquid crystal display of claim 17 in which said driving circuit means comprises a switching device for each column of said matrix, the switching device of every third column being connected to one given color output line. 
     
     
       21. The liquid crystal display of claim 17 in which said element selecting means includes a shift register having a series of flip-flops, the flip-flops each having a clock input for receiving a clock signal, a master output signal and a slave output signal, the master output signal and the slave output signal being shifted in time from one another by one-half a period of said clock signal, the master outputs and the slave outputs being connected to alternate ones of control inputs of said driving circuit means. 
     
     
       22. The liquid crystal display of claim 17 further comprising grey scale means for providing color signals to said driving corresponding to amplitudes of said color signals. 
     
     
       23. The liquid crystal display of claim 22 in which said grey scale means comprises: an analog to digital converter means associated with each color for converting the color input signals to respective digital color signals representative of amplitude of said color input signals, said digital color signals being supplied to said color selection means;   a shift register for each color output of said color selection means for receiving one of said digital color signals and for successively shifting said digital color signal to a plurality of output stages;   a data storage means for storing said digital color signals from said shift registers, the data storage means having digital color signal outputs corresponding to said digital color signals; and   a pulse forming means for forming said pulses in accordance with said digital color signal outputs and representative of said amplitude of said color input signals, said driving circuit means receiving said pulses.   
     
     
       24. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals;   color selection means for selecting sequentially for input to said driving circuit means each one of said three primary color signals said color selection means including a switching means, said switching means having three color inputs, each one of the three color inputs being for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors, said switching means having three color outputs, each one of the color outputs being connected to said driving means; and a control means for causing said switch means to sequentially connect each one of said color outputs to each one of said color inputs, in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements in sequence, said driving circuit means applying selected color signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for receiving timing signals to time said selection of picture elements in sequence for driving, said element selection means including means for selecting said elements at times and for periods of time having a duration so that successive elements are selected at times that partially overlap one another, wherein the switching means comprises:   three groups of switches, each group of switches having three switches therein, the switches in a group each having an output terminal, the output terminals of the switches in a group connected together and to one of said color outputs, each switch in a group being connected to one of said color inputs, the switching means further comprising three switching input signal lines, each one of said switching input signal lines being connected to a switch control input of one switch in each group of switches so that when a signal is applied to one of said switching input lines each one of said color inputs is connected to a color output different than the color output to which each other input is connected. .Iadd.   
     
     
       25.  A liquid crystal display device comprising: a plurality of picture elements arranged in a pattern, each of said picture elements including:   a first substrate and a second substrate, said substrates facing each other and spaced apart for defining a space therebetween;   at least two driving electrodes positioned on the surface of said first substrate facing said second substrate;   at least one second electrode positioned on the surface of said second substrate facing said first substrate;   a plurality of color filters, each color filter associated with one of the picture elements; and   a liquid crystal material filling the space between said driving and second electrodes and retained in said space; and   switching means for controlling which of the driving electrodes are to be associated with a particular picture element and including a plurality of data lines and gate lines arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, each data line associated with a first group of picture elements and each gate line associated with a second group of picture elements wherein at least one of the picture elements in the first group of picture elements is also within the second group of picture elements;   wherein said color filters form a mosaic pattern of rows and columns in which adjacent rows or columns of filters are shifted relative to one another. .Iaddend. .Iadd.   
     
     
       26.  The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the color filters include red, green and blue filters arranged repeatedly as though positioned at the apexes of a plurality of triangles on the same plane. .Iaddend. .Iadd.27. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the data lines and gate lines are substantially straight. .Iaddend. .Iadd.28. The liquid crystal display device of claim 26, wherein the data lines and gate lines are substantially straight. .Iaddend. .Iadd.29. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein in at least alternate rows of picture elements or at least alternate columns of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.30. The liquid crystal display device of claim 26, wherein in at least alternate rows of picture elements or at least alternate columns of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.31. The liquid crystal display device of claim 27, wherein in at least alternate rows of picture elements or at least alternate columns of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.32. The liquid crystal display device of claim 28, wherein in at least alternate rows of picture elements or at least alternate columns of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.33. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein in each row of picture elements or each column of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.34. The liquid crystal display device of claim 26, wherein in each row of picture elements or each column of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. 
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.35.  The liquid crystal display device of claim 27, wherein in each row of picture elements or each column of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving electrodes such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.36. The liquid crystal display device of claim 28, wherein in each row of picture elements or each column of picture elements said switching means are operable for controlling said driving elements such that two driving electrodes are associated with a particular 
     
     
        picture element. .Iaddend. .Iadd.37.  The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.38. The liquid crystal display device of claim 37, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.39. The liquid crystal display device of claim 26, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.40. The liquid crystal display device of claim 39, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.41. The liquid crystal display device of claim 27, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.42. The liquid crystal display device of claim 41, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.43. The liquid crystal display device of claim 28, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.44. The liquid crystal display device of claim 43, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.45. The liquid crystal display device of claim 29, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.46. The liquid crystal display device of claim 45, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.47. The liquid crystal display device of claim 30, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.48. The liquid crystal display device of claim 47, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2  of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.49. The liquid crystal display device of claim 31, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.50. The liquid crystal display device of claim 49, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.51. The liquid crystal display device of claim 32, wherein the centers of the picture elements in one row or in one column are shifted by a selected distance from the centers of the picture elements in the next adjacent row or next adjacent column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.52. The liquid crystal display device of claim 51, wherein the shifted centers of picture elements in said one row or said one column are shifted by a selected distance equal to 1/2 of the distance between centers of adjacent elements in said one row or in said one column, respectively. .Iaddend. .Iadd.53. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the gate lines are straight and each data line shifts in position from one row to the next row of picture elements by the same distance as the filters in said one row to said next row are shifted. .Iaddend. .Iadd.54. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the filters include red, green, blue and white filters. .Iaddend. .Iadd.55. The liquid crystal display device of claim 29, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.56. The liquid crystal display device of claim 55, wherein said two different picture elements are adjacent to one another in the same row. .Iaddend. .Iadd.57. The liquid crystal display device of claim 30, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.58. The liquid crystal display device of claim 31, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.59. The liquid crystal display device of claim 32, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.60. The liquid crystal display device of claim 47, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.61. The liquid crystal display device of claim 49, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.62. The liquid crystal display device of claim 51, wherein said switching means further includes means for switching one of said two driving electrodes between two different picture elements. .Iaddend. .Iadd.63. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of color picture elements of three primary colors and white arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, the display having two opposed substrates, a matrix of color filters and a common electrode on one substrate and each picture element having a driving electrode and an associated single color filter on the opposed substrate, comprising: driving circuit means for receiving three primary color signals and a white signal;   color selection means for selecting for input to said driving circuit means each one of said color signals and said white signal, said color selection means including switching means, said switching means having four inputs, each one of the four inputs for receiving an input signal of one of said primary colors and white, said switching means having at least two outputs, each one of the outputs being connected to said driving means; and control means for causing said switching means to connect said outputs to said inputs in a sequence of color signal selection corresponding to a physical arrangement of colors of said picture elements; and   element selecting means for selecting said picture elements, said driving circuit means applying selected color and white signals from said color selection means to driving electrodes of a corresponding color in said selected picture element, said element selecting means having timing signal inputs for receiving timing signals to time said selection of picture elements for driving. .Iaddend.