Actuator for control valves and related systems

Abstract

An actuator system is provided which includes a force transfer element and a force receiving element. A viscous material interconnects the force transfer element and the force receiving element. A workpiece, such as a valve member, is connected to the force receiving element. When a controlled force is applied to the force transfer element, the controlled force and resulting movement are rigidly coupled using the viscous material to the force receiving element so that the workpiece can be moved or otherwise operably controlled. When an uncontrolled force is received by the force transfer element, in which the movement of the force transfer element is slow relative to the deformation of the viscous material, there is no coupling of the uncontrolled force and resulting movement to the workpiece. As a result, the actuator system is able to couple rapid movements using the viscous material, while relatively slow movements are not coupled. Uncontrolled forces contemplated by this invention include forces resulting from stress, aging drift, and temperature variations associated with the force transfer element and the force receiving element.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method for controlling the operation of a .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system that includes a portion of a mass spectrometer, .Iaddend.comprising: .Iadd.providing a force transfer element;   providing a force receiving element;   defining a gap between said force transfer element and said force receiving element; .Iaddend.   delivering a force to .[.a.]. .Iadd.said .Iaddend.force transfer element;   transferring at least a portion of said force to viscous means using said force transfer element.Iadd., said viscous means substantially filling said gap and being substantially free of non-fluid material.Iaddend.;   rigidly coupling at least a portion of said force to .[.a.]. .Iadd.said .Iaddend.force receiving element using said viscous means;   causing said force receiving element to react when at least a portion of said force is received by said force receiving element;   transferring at least a portion of said force from said force receiving element to a .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system.Iaddend.;   controlling the operation of said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system .Iaddend.using the reaction of said force receiving element.Iadd., wherein said controlling step includes controlling the flow of fluid into an ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer using said valve system.Iaddend.;   decoupling using said viscous means one of said force transfer element and said force receiving element when an unwanted force is applied to one of said force transfer element and said force receiving element; and   maintaining said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system .Iaddend.in the same state during said decoupling step.   
     
     
       2. A method, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said transferring step includes moving said force transfer element to transfer at least a portion of said force to said viscous means.   
     
     
       3. A method, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said unwanted force includes a force due to at least one of the following: stress, aging drift, and temperature variations which are associated with said force transfer element and/or said force receiving element.   
     
     
       4. A method, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said maintaining step includes keeping said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system .Iaddend.in substantially the same position occupied by said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system .Iaddend.immediately before said decoupling step.   
     
     
       5. A method for controlling the operation of a workpiece, comprising: .Iadd.providing a force transfer element;   .Iadd.providing a force receiving element;   .Iadd.defining a gap between said force transfer element and said force receiving element; .Iaddend.   delivering a controlled force to .[.a.]. .Iadd.said .Iaddend.force transfer element;   transferring at least a portion of said controlled force to viscous means using said force transfer element.Iadd., said viscous means substantially filling said gap and being substantially free of non-fluid material.Iaddend.;   rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force to .[.a.]. .Iadd.said .Iaddend.force receiving element using said viscous means.Iadd., said coupling step including using surface tension of said viscous means to substantially contain said viscous means in a desired location.Iaddend.;   causing said force receiving element to react when at least a portion of said controlled force is received by said force receiving element;   transferring at least a portion of said controlled force from said force receiving element to a workpiece;   controlling the operation of said workpiece using the reaction of said force receiving element; and   preventing the transfer using said viscous means to said workpiece of a non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force.   
     
     
       6. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said workpiece includes a valve and said controlling step includes regulating the opening and closing of said valve.   
     
     
       7. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said step of causing said force receiving element to react includes moving said force receiving element.   
     
     
       8. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said step of preventing includes locating said viscous means in a space that is free of a fixed barrier along at least one portion of said viscous means. .[.9. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein:   said step of coupling includes using surface tension of said viscous means   
     
     
        to substantially contain said viscous means in a desired location..]. 10. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said preventing step occurs when the movement of said force transfer element is slow relative to the time of deformation of said viscous means.   
     
     
        1. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said non-controlled force includes a force generated because of at least one of the following: stress, aging drift, and temperature variations, which are associated with said force transfer element and/or said force   
     
     
        receiving element. 12. A method, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: said controlling step includes moving said workpiece to a desired position.   
     
     
        3. An apparatus for controlling the operation of a .[.reacting member.]..Iadd.valve system that includes a portion of a mass spectrometer.Iaddend., comprising: a force transfer element for receiving a controlled force;   a force receiving element in operative association with said force transfer element;   .Iadd.a gap defined between said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   .Iadd.viscous means substantially filling said gap and being substantially free of non-fluid material; .Iaddend.   .Iadd.said .Iaddend.viscous means connecting said force transfer element and said force receiving element together for rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force from said force transfer element to said force receiving element;   a .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system including a portion of a mass spectrometer .Iaddend.operatively associated with said force receiving element, the operation of said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve system .Iaddend.being controlled by said force receiving element using at least a portion of said controlled force.Iadd., said valve system controlling the flow of fluid into an ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer.Iaddend.; and   said viscous means being located in .[.a space.]. .Iadd.said gap .Iaddend.in which movement of said viscous means due to a non-controlled force is permitted but said movement is less than the movement necessary to cause a transfer of said non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force to said .[.workpiece.]. .Iadd.valve   
     
     
        system.Iaddend.. 14. An apparatus.[., as claimed in claim 13, wherein.]. .Iadd.for controlling the operation of a reacting member, comprising: a force transfer element for receiving a controlled force;   a force receiving element in operative association with said force transfer element;   a gap defined between said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   viscous means substantially filling said gap and being substantially free of non-fluid material, .Iaddend.said viscous means .[.is.]. .Iadd.being .Iaddend.open to the ambient.Iadd.;   said viscous means connecting said force transfer element and said force receiving element together for rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force from said force transfer element to said force receiving element;   a workpiece operatively associated with said force receiving element, the operation of said workpiece being controlled by said force receiving element using at least a portion of said controlled force; and   said viscous means being located in said gap in which movement of said viscous means due to a non-controlled force is permitted but said movement is less than the movement necessary to cause a transfer of said non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force   
     
     
        to said workpiece..Iaddend. 15. An apparatus.[., as claimed in claim 13, wherein.]. .Iadd.for controlling the operation of a reacting member, comprising: a force transfer element for receiving a controlled force;   a force receiving element in operative association with said force transfer element;   a gap defined between said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   viscous means substantially filling said gap and being substantially free of non-fluid material, .Iaddend.each of said force transfer element and said force receiving element has a number of surfaces including a contacting surface each of which contacts said viscous means, and wherein substantially all of said viscous means contacts said contacting surfaces and substantially none of said viscous means contacts the other surfaces of said force transfer element and said force receiving element.Iadd., said gap being located between said contacting surfaces of said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   said viscous means connecting said force transfer element and said force receiving element together for rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force from said force transfer element to said force receiving element;   a workpiece operatively associated with said force receiving element, the operation of said workpiece being controlled by said force receiving element using at least a portion of said controlled force; and   said viscous means being located in said gap in which movement of said viscous means due to a non-controlled force is permitted but said movement is less than the movement necessary to cause a transfer of said non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force   
     
     
        to said workpiece..Iaddend. 16. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 13, further including: 
     
     
       means for providing said controlled force. 17. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 16, wherein: said means for providing a controlled force includes a piezoelectric device. .[.18. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 13, wherein:   said workpiece includes a valve system..]. .[.19. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 18, wherein:   said valve system includes a portion of a mass spectrometer which controls the flow of fluids into an ionization chamber of said mass spectrometer..]. .Iadd.20. An apparatus for controlling the operation of a reacting member, comprising:   a force transfer element for receiving a controlled force;   a force receiving element in operative association with said force transfer element;   a space between said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   viscous means connecting said force transfer element and said force receiving element together for rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force from said force transfer element to said force receiving element, said viscous means having surface tension wherein said surface tension of said viscous means is used to substantially contain said viscous means in a desired location;   a workpiece operatively associated with said force receiving element, the operation of said workpiece being controlled by said force receiving element using at least a portion of said controlled force; and   said viscous means being located in said space in which movement of said viscous means due to a non-controlled force is permitted but said movement is less than the movement necessary to cause a transfer of said non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force   
     
     
        to said workpiece..Iaddend. .Iadd.21.  An apparatus for controlling the operation of a reacting member, comprising: a force transfer element for receiving a controlled force, said force transfer element having a number of surfaces including at least one contacting surface;   a force receiving element in operative association with said force transfer element, said force receiving element having a number of surfaces including at least one contacting surface;   a space between said force transfer element and said force receiving element, said space being located between said contacting surfaces of said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   viscous means connecting said force transfer element and said force receiving element together for rigidly coupling at least a portion of said controlled force from said force transfer element to said force receiving element, substantially all of said viscous means contacting said contacting surface of said force transfer element and said force receiving element and substantially none of said viscous means contacting the other surfaces of said force transfer element and said force receiving element;   a workpiece operatively associated with said force receiving element, the operation of said workpiece being controlled by said force receiving element using at least a portion of said controlled force; and   said viscous means being located in said space in which movement of said viscous means due to a non-controlled force is permitted but said movement is less than the movement necessary to cause a transfer of said non-controlled force and movement resulting from said non-controlled force to said workpiece..Iaddend.