Vending machine power switching apparatus

Abstract

An improved vending machine power switching apparatus in which a single power switching circuit is associated with a plurality of load selecting relay switches and a switching control circuit, in which the control circuit controls the order of switching of the power switch and relay switches, such that any relay switch is always closed before power is delivered to its associated load and is always opened after power is removed from the load, and the power is applied and removed by the power switching means.

I claim: 
     
       1. An improved vending machine power switching apparatus comprising: a plurality of relays for selecting which of a plurality of loads in a vending machine is to be energized, each of said relays having a coil and one set of switching contacts;   a power switching means connected in series with the switching contacts of each of the plurality of relays, said power switching means selectively controlling whether power is connected to the switching contacts of said relays;   each of said relays being associated on a one-to-one basis with a corresponding one of said loads so that when the power switching means connects power to the switching contacts of said relays, power flows through only one set of switching contacts, and the failure of the contacts of any one of said relays only prevents the selection of its associated load; and   an electronic switching control means having an output for producing electrical control signals connected to each of the coils of each of the plurality of relays for controlling the switching of the relays by producing the appropriate electrical control signals so that a relay is switched so as to select its associated load for energization only when the power switching means has disconnected power from the relay's switching contacts and a relay switch is switched to terminate the selection of its associated load only when the power switching means has previously disconnected power from the relay's switching contacts, whereby improved relay switching contact reliability is achieved.   
     
     
       2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electronic switching control means is also connected to the power switching means, said electronic switching control means controlling the power switching means so that power is connected to the switching contacts of each of the plurality of relays after any one of the relays is switched so as to select its associated load, and power is disconnected from said switching contacts prior to the termination of the selection of any of the plurality of loads by its corresponding relay. 
     
     
       3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 wherein the electronic switching control means includes a programmed microprocessor control circuit. 
     
     
       4. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 wherein the loads are inductive and .[.the plurality of relay switches.]. .Iadd.the relays' switching contacts .Iaddend.are rated to handle the approximate steady state current drawn by the load, but are rated to handle less than the current which would be drawn in switching current to that load. 
     
     
       5. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 wherein the power switching means comprises a semiconductor switching means. 
     
     
       6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the .[.power.]. .Iadd.semiconductor .Iaddend.switching means comprises a triac. 
     
     
       7. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 wherein the plurality of loads are connected in a matrix. 
     
     
       8. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second plurality of relays for selecting which of a second plurality of loads is to be energized, each of the second plurality of relays having at least one set of switching contacts; a second power switching means connected in series with the switching contacts of each of the second plurality of relays, said second power switching means controlling the power which is connected to the switching contacts of said second plurality of relays and wherein the electronic switching control means is connected to each of the second plurality of relays so that the second plurality of relays are switched in the same manner as the first plurality of relays whereby one load from each of the two plurality of loads may be simultaneously energized.   
     
     
       9. The apparatus of claim 1, 2 or 8 wherein at least one of the relays has a plurality of sets of switching contacts, and each of said sets of switching contacts is connected to only a single associated load. 
     
     
       10. An improved vending control means including a plurality of selection lines; a selection logic means connected to the plurality of selection lines and having a plurality of outputs at which appropriate electrical control signals are produced, each of the plurality of outputs corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of selection lines;   a plurality of price setting means, each of the plurality of price setting means connected to a respective one of the plurality of outputs of the selection logic means, said price setting means producing output price data on their outputs;   control means connected to the outputs of the price setting means for producing a vend control signal when vending conditions are satisfied, characterized by,   a plurality of relays each having a coil connected to a respective one of the plurality of outputs of the selection logic means, each of the relays having at least one set of switching contacts, said switching contacts of each of the relays being connected to a respective one of the selection lines, so that the relays, in response to whether current flows in their respective coils as a result of the output signals at their respective selection logic means outputs, control which of the selection lines is to be energized;   a power switching means connected in series with the switching contacts of each of the plurality of relays, said power switching means selectively controlling whether power is connected to or disconnected from the switching contacts of the relays;   the power switching means being connected to the vend control signal from the control means and controlled thereby such that a relay is switched to select its respective selection line for energization only when the power switching means has disconnected power from the relay's switching contacts, and a relay .[.switch.]. is switched to terminate the selection of its associated selection line only when the power switching means has previously disconnected power from the relay's switching contacts.   
     
     
       11. An improved vending control means according to claim 10 wherein the selection logic means further comprises: for each selection line, a time delay circuit connected to receive a signal indicative of the activation state of the selection line and connected to control the activation of the relay associated with said selection line, whereby the time delay circuit delays the deactivation of the associated relay for a period after the deactivation of its associated selection line. .Iadd.   
     
     
       12.  An improved vending machine power switching apparatus comprising: a plurality of individually selectable loads;   a plurality of load switch means each connectable in a separate series circuit with an associated load to define a plurality of separate series circuits;   means connecting said separate series circuits in a parallel circuit with one another to define a loading circuit;   a controllable power switching means connected in series with said loading circuit, whereby each of said load switch means is connected in a separate series circuit with said power switching means; and   control means for controlling the actuation and deactuation of said power switching means and of said plurality of load switch means, said control means effecting actuation and de-actuation of said load switch means only when the power switching means is in a de-actuated condition. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13. Means for suppressing noise in a switchably energizable vending machine load circuit that includes a plurality of individually selectable inductive loads comprising a plurality of load switch means each connectable in a separate series circuit with a respective inductive load to define a plurality of separate series circuits, means connecting said separate series circuits in parallel circuit with one another to define a loading circuit portion, a controllable power switching means connected in series with said loading circuit portion, whereby each of said load switch means is connected in a separate respective series circuit with said power switching means, first noise suppression means connected to said power switching means; and control means for controlling the actuation and de-actuation of said power switching means and of said plurality of load switch means, said control means effecting actuation and de-actuation of said load switch means only when the power switching means is in a de-actuated condition. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. The means of claim 13 wherein said control means includes a programmable processing means for controlling the application of power to a selected inductive load, said processing means programmed to sequentially   (a) produce a load switch actuation control signal to actuate the load switch means that is connected in said separate series circuit with the selected inductive load;   (b) produce a power switching means actuation control signal to actuate said power switching means;   (c) produce a power switching means de-actuation control signal to de-actuate the power switching means; and   (d) produce a load switch means de-actuation control signal to de-actuate   
     
     
        the actuated load switch means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15.  The means of claim 14 wherein the inductive loads are vend delivery means each capable of performing a vend delivery operation when sufficient power is applied thereto and wherein step (c) includes the step of delaying production of a power switching means de-actuation control signal for a sufficiently long enough time period following step (b) to permit the vend delivery means to which power is applied to perform a vend delivery operation. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. The means of claim 14 wherein the inductive loads are vend delivery means capable of performing a vend delivery operation when sufficient power is applied thereto and wherein step (c) includes the step of verifying the performance of a vend delivery operation prior to production of a power switching means de-actuation control signal. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. The means of claim 13 wherein said load switch means are relays and said power switching means are semiconductor switching means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18. Means for suppressing noise in a vend delivery circuit of a vending system wherein the vend delivery circuit includes a plurality of switchably energizable individually selectable vend delivery means and wherein the vending system includes a control means capable of producing sets of selection control signals for selecting and de-selecting the individual vend delivery means and a power control set of signals for controlling the switchable energization and de-energization of a selected vend delivery means, the control means being further capable of producing such sets of control signals in a sequential order wherein the power control set of signals are produced subsequent to the production of a control signal selecting a vend delivery means and prior to the production of a signal de-selecting such vend delivery means, said means for suppressing noise further comprising a plurality of load switch means each connectable in a separate series circuit with a respective vend delivery means to define a plurality of separate series circuits, means connecting said separate series circuits in parallel circuit with one another to define a loading circuit portion, controllable power switching means connected in series with said loading circuit portion, whereby each of said load switch means is connected in a separate respective series circuit with said power switching means, and first noise suppression means connected in common with said loading circuit portion, each said load switch means connected to be responsive to a set of selection control signals and said power switching means connected to be responsive to the power control set of signals. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. The means of claim 18 wherein said load switch means are relays and said power switching means 
     
     
        are semiconductor switching means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20.  A method for suppressing noise during the switchable energization and de-energization of a vending machine load circuit that includes a plurality of individually selectable inductive loads comprising (a) providing circuit means including a plurality of actuatable load switch means, each connected in a separate series circuit with a respective inductive load to define a plurality of separate series circuits, means connecting said separate series circuits in parallel circuit with one another to define a loading circuit portion, an actuatable power switching means connected in series with said loading circuit, whereby each of said load switch means is connected in a separate respective series circuit with said power switching means, and first noise suppression means connected to said power switching means;   (b) actuating the load switch means connected in separate series circuit with the selected load;   (c) actuating said power switching means;   (d) de-actuating said power switching means; and   (e) de-actuating the load switch means actuated in step (b). .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. The method of claim 20 wherein the circuit means further includes a control means operable for controlling the actuation and de-actuation of said load switch means and said power switching means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22. The method of claim 20 wherein the inductive loads are vend delivery means each capable of performing a vend delivery operation when sufficient power is applied thereto and wherein step (d) includes the step of delaying for a sufficiently long enough period following step (c) to permit the vend delivery means to which power is applied to perform a vend delivery operation. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. The method of claim 20 wherein the inductive loads are vend delivery means each capable of performing a vend delivery operation when sufficient power is applied thereto and wherein step (d) includes the step of verifying the performance of a vend delivery operation prior to de-actuating said power switching means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.24. A method for energization and de-energization of loads in a vending machine load circuit that comprises a plurality of individually selectable inductive loads, a plurality of actuatable load switch means each connected in a separate series circuit with a respective load to define a plurality of separate series circuits, means connecting said separate series circuits in parallel circuit with one another to define a loading circuit, and an actuatable power switching means connected in series with said loading circuit, whereby each of said load switch means is connected in a separate respective series circuit with said power switching means; the method comprising the following sequence of steps:   (a) actuating the load switch means connected in separate series circuit with the selected load;   (b) actuating said power switching means;   (c) de-actuating said power switching means; and   (d) de-actuating the load switch means actuated in step (a).