Process for cooking lignocellulosic material in the presence of hydroxyanthracenes and derivatives thereof

Abstract

An improved process for the production of pulp from lignocellulosic material characterized by the employment of a cooking aid is disclosed. The cooking of the lignocellulosic material is carried out in the presence of a small amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyanthracenes and derivatives thereof.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An improved cooking process for the production of pulp from lignocellulosic material comprising cooking lignocellulosic material in a cooking liquor, the improvement comprising admixing in said cooking liquor an amount, sufficient to increase the cooking rate of said lignocellulosic material, of a cooking aid comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of compounds having the formula: ##STR14## .[.wherein m is 0, 1 or 2, n is 1, or 2, R is COOA, SO 3  A or H, and A is H or Na; providing that when m is 1, R is at least one of COOA or SO 3  A and R cannot attach to the middle ring; when m is 0 or 2, R is H; and.]. .Iadd.wherein, m is 1 when R is COOA or SO 3  A and R cannot attach to the middle ring, m is 2 when R is H, and A is H or Na; and .Iaddend.     when R is H and m is 2, two carbon atoms of the anthracene nucleus lose their double bonds, and each such carbon atom takes the form of CH 2  instead of CH, in which case one H of each CH 2  is not counted as an R and may be substituted by OA.   
     
     
       2. The process of claim 1, wherein said cooking aid is at least one member selected from the group consisting of .[.dihydroxyanthracene,.]. dihydroxydihydroanthracene, .[.carboxydihydroanthracene and dihydroanthracene sulfonate.]. .Iadd.dihydroxyanthracene sulfonic acids and their sodium salt and dihydroxyanthracene carboxylic acids and their sodium salts. .Iaddend. 
     
     
       3. The process of claim 1, wherein said cooking aid is used in an amount of from about 0.005 to about 3% by weight based on the bone dry weight of lignocellulosic material. 
     
     
       4. The process of claim 1, wherein said cooking aid is used in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.1% by weight based on the bone dry weight of lignocellulosic material. 
     
     
       5. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 1,4-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt. .[.6. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 1-hydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.7. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 9,10-dihydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.8. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 2-hydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.9. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 9-hydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.10. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 9,10-dihydroanthranol or its sodium salt..]. 
     
     
        .[.11.  The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 1,2-dihydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.12. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 2,3-dihydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. .[.13. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 
     
     
        2,6-dihydroxyanthracene or its sodium salt..]. 14. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-diol or its sodium 
     
     
        salt. 15. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is 
     
     
        9,10-dihydroxyanthracene-2-carboxylic acid or its sodium salt. 16. The process of claim 3, wherein said cooking aid is, 
     
     
        9,10-dihydroxyanthracene-1-sulphonic acid or its sodium salt. 17. The process of each of claims 1, .[.6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,.]. .Iadd.2, .Iaddend.14, 15 or 16, wherein said cooking liquor is an alkaline process 
     
     
        cooking liquor. 18. The process of each of claims 1, .[.6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,.]. .Iadd.2, .Iaddend.14, 15 or 16, wherein said cooking liquor is a sulfite process cooking liquor.