Elevator with power recovery

Abstract

Disclosed is a system and method for recovering energy from elevator apparatus and utilizing the recovered energy for useful purposes. This is accomplished by selectively coupling a hydraulic pump to the elevator drive when surplus energy is available thereby to pump and store pressurized fluid in accumulator devices. Such fluid, when above a predetermined pressure, is utilized to deactivate electrically driven units and drive the same by hydraulic motors supplied with fluid from the accumulator devices. Additional energy is recovered from heat present in the hydraulic fluid down-stream from the hydraulic pump and utilized beneficially.

I claim: 
     
       1. That improvement in elevator apparatus of the type having power driven means for operating a load lifting device between different floor levels which improvement comprises: power recovery means for recovering energy from said elevator apparatus during travel of said load lifting device including: hydraulic pump means having a driving connection to said power driven means for said load lifting device operable to drive said pump means during travel of said load lifting device in at least one direction of travel thereof;   hydraulic fluid accumulator means connected by a conduit to the outlet of said pump means and including means to prevent reverse fluid flow through said pump means when said pump means is not driven;   electric motor driven means normally connected to an electric power source;   hydraulic motor means having a driving connection to said electric motor operable in an idling condition while said electric motor is electrically driven; and   means responsive to a predetermined pressure in said accumulator means to deactivate said electric motor and to supply pressurized fluid to said hydraulic motor means from fluid in communication with said accumulator means.     
     
     
       2. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said fluid pressure responsive means includes a normally closed switch controlling the supply of electric power to said electric motor and operable to cut off said power supply so long as said pressurized fluid remains above a predetermined value. 
     
     
       3. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in the provision of heat exchange means connected to warm hydraulic fluid downstream from said hydraulic pump, and the exterior of said heat exchange means being connected in circuit with fluid circulating there-past to extract heat from said warm hydraulic fluid. 
     
     
       4. That improvement defined in claim 3 characterized in that said heat exchange means is in heat exchange with circulating air from a building equipped with said elevator apparatus. 
     
     
       5. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in the provision of normally deactivated clutch means in driving connection between said hydraulic pump means and said power driven means for said load lifting device; and control means for said clutch means responsive to travel of said lifting device in at least one direction to activate said clutch means while said lifting device is travelling in said one direction. 
     
     
       6. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said accumulator means includes a plurality of accumulators connected to the outlet of said hydraulic pump means and to the inlet of said hydraulic motor means. 
     
     
       7. That improvement defined in claim 6 characterized in that said accumulator means include a plurality of accumulators interconnected by a pressurized fluid line adapted to be connected via separate check valve controlled lines to the outlets of respective hydraulic pump means having a clutch-controlled driving connection with the power drive of respective elevator apparatuses. 
     
     
       8. That improvement defined in claim 1 characterized in that said hydraulic pump, said accumulator means and said hydraulic motor are connected in a closed circuit with a reservoir for hydraulic fluid, said closed circuit having check valve means therein positioned in the inlet and outlet sides of said hydraulic pump and operable to trap fluid in said hydraulic pump when the same is not being driven. 
     
     
       9. That method of recovering and utilizing excess energy from .[.motor-driven elevator.]. .Iadd.power-driven load lifting .Iaddend.apparatus which comprises: utilizing excess energy available in .[.a motor.]. .Iadd.the power .Iaddend.drive for said .[.elevator.]. .Iadd.load lifting .Iaddend.apparatus to drive a hydraulic pump connected to a source of fluid and operable to discharge pressurized fluid into a line connected to fluid storing accumulator means; and   utilizing said fluid pressurized above a predetermined value to deactivate .[.electrically.]. .Iadd.power .Iaddend.driven equipment and to substitute a hydraulic drive therefor while the pressure of said pressurized fluid remains above a predetermined value and thereupon restoring said equipment for operation by said .[.electric.]. .Iadd.power .Iaddend.drive.   
     
     
       10. That method defined in claim 9 characterized in the steps of passing said hydraulic fluid through heat exchange means .[.at point.]. .Iadd.connected thereto .Iaddend.downstream from said hydraulic pump, and extracting heat from said hydraulic fluid to heat another fluid in heat exchange with said heat exchange means but out of contact with said hydraulic fluid. 
     
     
       11. That method defined in claim 10 characterized in the step of passing air from a building served by said .[.elevator.]. .Iadd.load lifting .Iaddend.apparatus in heat exchange with a flowing stream of said hydraulic fluid thereby to extract heat therefrom. 
     
     
       12. That method defined in claim 9 characterized in the step of automatically shifting to and fro between .[.electrical.]. .Iadd.power .Iaddend.drive and hydraulic drive of said .[.electrically.]. .Iadd.power .Iaddend.driven equipment in response to a predetermined pressure condition of said pressurized fluid. 
     
     
       13. That improvement in .[.elevator apparatus.]. .Iadd.a load lifting device .Iaddend.of the type having power driven means for operating .[.a load lifting.]. .Iadd.said .Iaddend.device between different floor levels which improvement comprises: power recovery means for recovering energy from said .[.elevator apparatus.]. .Iadd.load lifting device .Iaddend.during .[.travel of said load lifting device.]. .Iadd.operation thereof .Iaddend.including:   hydraulic pump means having a driving connection to said power driven means for said load lifting device operable to drive said pump means during travel of said load lifting device in at least one direction of travel thereof;   hydraulic fluid accumulator means connected by a conduit to the outlet of said pump means and including means to prevent reverse fluid flow through said pump means when said pump means is not driven;   and means to maintain said hydraulic pump means flooded when not driven by said power driven means for said load lifting device.   
     
     
       14. That improvement defined in claim 13 characterized in that said conduit connecting said hydraulic pump means to said accumulator means includes conduit means provided with normally closed valve means operable when open to return hydraulic fluid to a reservoir. 
     
     
       15. That improvement defined in claim 14 characterized in that said conduit means connecting said hydraulic pump means to said reservoir includes heat exchange means for extracting heat from said hydraulic fluid and for utilizing the extracted heat in a building served by said .[.elevator.]. .Iadd.load lifting device .Iaddend.apparatus. .Iadd.16. That improvement in power-driven means for operating a load-lifting device between different levels of a building which improvement comprises: power recovery means for recovering energy from said power-driven means incident to the use of said load-lifting device between said different floor levels;   said power recovery means including means operatively connected to said power-driven means for recirculating hydraulic fluid through a flow circuit equipped with fluid pressurizing means, a heat exchanger connected to the outlet side of said fluid pressurizing means and a reservoir for said hydraulic fluid; and   means for passing non-hydraulic fluid serving a useful purpose in heat exchange with said heat exchanger to heat said last mentioned fluid. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. That improvement defined in claim 16 characterized in that said fluid pressurizing means includes heat exchange means and accumulator means for storing pressurized hydraulic fluid derived from power recovered from the operation of said energy recovery means in an amount in excess of the immediate needs therefor to heat fluid for use in   
     
     
        said building. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18.  That improvement defined in claim 17 characterized in the provision of automatic control means responsive to a predetermined low pressure of said pressurized hydraulic fluid for deactivating said means for passing non-hydraulic fluid in heat exchange with said heat exchanger means and for reactivating said means for passing non-hydraulic fluid through said heat exchanger means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. That improvement in power-driven means for operating a load-lifting device between different levels of a building which improvement comprises: power recovery means for recovering energy from said power-driven means incident to the operating of said load-lifting device between said different floor levels; and   said power recovery means including means operatively connected to said power-driven means for pressurizing and recirculating pressurized hydraulic fluid through a flow circuit equipped with a hydraulic motor-driven appliance serving a useful purpose in said building and a reservoir for said hydraulic fluid. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20. That improvement defined in claim 19 characterized in the inclusion of accumulator means in said hydraulic fluid circuit for storing pressurized hydraulic fluid derived from power recovered from the operating of said energy recovery means in an amount in excess of the immediate needs therefore to drive   
     
     
        said motor-driven appliance. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21.  That improvement defined in claim 20 characterized in the provision of automatic control means responsive to predetermined low pressure of said pressurized hydraulic fluid for deactivating said motor-driven appliance and for restoring the operation hereof when the pressure of said pressurized hydraulic fluid is 
     
     
        above said predetermined low pressure. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22.  That improvement in power-driven means for operating a load-lifting device between different levels of a building which improvement comprises: energy recovery means for recovering energy from said power driven means incident to the use of said load-lifting device between said different floor levels and including means for passing a fluid from said building equipped with said load lifting device in heat exchange with heat inherently produced by the operation of said energy recovery means thereby to make beneficial use of heat produced by the operation of said power-driven means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. That improvement defined in claim 22 characterized in that said energy recovery means includes a hydraulic fluid pump connected in circuit with a hydraulic fluid reservoir and in heat exchange with fluid from said building. .Iaddend. .Iadd.24. That improvement defined in claim 23 characterized in that said energy recovery means includes accumulator means having a hydraulic fluid chamber connected to the outlet side of said hydraulic fluid pump. .Iaddend.