Preparation of water-insoluble carboxymethyl cellulose absorbents

Abstract

A process for the preparation of substantially water-insoluble, particulate sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, suitable for use as an absorbent in tampons and other catamenial devices, or the like. The process involves treating solid, water-soluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of at least 0.4 with hydrogen chloride gas and heating the carboxymethyl cellulose, either after the hydrogen chloride treatment or concurrently therewith, to produce a cross-linked, insoluble, partially acid form carboxymethyl cellulose suitable for absorbent applications.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A process for the preparation of substantially water-insoluble, particulate carboxymethyl cellulose, which comprises treating a solid, water-soluble particulate sodium carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of at least 0.4 with hydrogen chloride gas, and heating the carboxymethyl cellulose .[.at temperatures in excess of 100° C..]. to convert the same to a partially acid form, cross-linked and substantially insolubilized material exhibiting a swell ratio of from 5 to 50. 
     
     
       2. The process of claim 1, wherein the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is heated at temperatures of up to 200° C. to convert the same to a partially acid form having a degree of acidification of as much as 80% and an extractables content of less than 40%. 
     
     
       3. The process of claim 1, wherein the solid sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is initially contacted by the hydrogen chloride gas at temperatures of up to 100° C. and the thus partially acidified particulate material is thereafter heated to temperatures of from 105° to 200° C. to cross-link and insolubilize the same. 
     
     
       4. The process of claim 3, wherein the soluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose reacted has a degree of substitution of from 0.5 to 1.2 and the insoluble partially acid form carboxymethyl cellulose produced has a degree of acidification of from 1 to 30 percent and exhibits a swell ratio of from 5 to 40 and a percent extractables of less than 35 percent. 
     
     
       5. The process of claim 1, wherein the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is simultaneously contacted by the hydrogen chloride gas and heated to temperatures of from 105° to 200° C. to produce the cross-linked, insolubilized partially acid form sodium carboxymethyl cellulose product. 
     
     
       6. The process of claim 5, wherein the soluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose reacted has a degree of substitution of from 0.5 to 1.2 and the insoluble partially acid form carboxymethyl cellulose produced has a degree of acidification of from 1 to 30 percent and exhibits a swell ratio of from 5 to 40 and a percent extractables of less than 35 percent. 
     
     
       7. A process for the preparation of substantially water-insoluble particulate carboxymethyl cellulose, which comprises treating a solid, water-soluble particulate sodium carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of from 0.5 to 1.2 with hydrogen chloride gas at a temperature of up to 100° C. to convert the same to a partially acid form carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of acidification of from 1 to 30 percent; and thereafter heating the carboxymethyl cellulose at temperatures of from 125° to 165° C. to convert the same to a partially acid form, cross-linked and substantially insolubilized material exhibiting a swell ratio of from 5 to 40 and an extractables content of less than 35 percent.