Metal working emulsion

Abstract

Metal working emulsion of the type oil-in-water, with good stability and unlimited dilutability, intended for use at deforming metal working, mainly machining by detachment of cuttings, but also suitable for deepdrawing and rolling. The emulsion is based on triglyceride oils and components of these. The emulsifying system consists of fatty acid monoglycerides and alkali soaps of fatty acids. The cooling and lubricating properties are further increased by the addition of fatty acids and an alkanolamine or fatty amine.

We claim: 
     
       1. A metal working emulsion with good stability and unlimited dilutability for deforming metalworking, including machining by detachment of cuttings, deep-drawing and rolling, comprising an oil phase which is dispersed in a continuous water phase; the oil phase comprising   0.5-50 parts by weight of triglyceride oil,   0.1-10 parts by weight of fatty acid monoglyceride,   0.05-10 parts by weight of fatty acid, and   0.05-10 parts by weight of alkanolamine or fatty amine;   and the water phase comprising   0.05-3 parts by weight of alkali soaps of fatty acids, and   45-98 parts by weight of water.   
     
     
       2. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1 in concentrated form, wherein the oil phase comprises 15-50 parts by weight of triglyceride oil,   2-10 parts by weight of fatty acid monoglyceride,   1-10 parts by weight of fatty acid, and   1-10 parts by weight of alkanolamine or fatty amine;   and the water phase comprises   
     
     
       0. 05-3 parts by weight of alkali soaps of fatty acids, and 45-60 parts by weight of water.   
     
     
       3. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1 in a ready-to-use form, wherein the oil phase comprises 0.5-10 parts by weight of triglyceride oil,   0.1-2 parts by weight of fatty acid monoglyceride,   0.05-2 parts by weight of fatty acid, and   0.05-1 parts by weight of alkanolamine or fatty amine;   and the water phase comprises   0.05-0.5 parts by weight of alkali soaps of fatty acids, and   90-98 parts by weight of water.   
     
     
       4. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the triglyceride oil is a fatty oil, liquid at room temperature and having an oleic acid content of at least 45% by weight. 
     
     
       5. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1 wherein the fatty acids in the fatty acid monoglyceride are fatty acids with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, at least 40% by weight being oleic acid. 
     
     
       6. A metal working emulsion according to claim 5, wherein the fatty acid monoglyceride is oleic acid monoglyceride. 
     
     
       7. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid monoglyceride is a technical grade fatty acid monoglyceride obtained through esterification of a triglyceride oil with glycerol. 
     
     
       8. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid has a titer lower than 25° C. 
     
     
       9. A metal working emulsion according to claim 8, wherein the fatty acid is oleic acid. 
     
     
       10. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the alkanolamine is triethanolamine. 
     
     
       11. A metal working emulsion acording to claim 1 wherein the fatty amine is dodecyl amine. 
     
     
       12. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the alkali soaps of the fatty acids are sodium soaps of fatty acids with a titer below 25° C. 
     
     
       13. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the alkali soaps of the fatty acids are potassium soaps of fatty acids with a titer below 25° C. 
     
     
       14. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1 wherein the alkali soaps of the fatty acids are sodium oleate. 
     
     
       15. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1 wherein the alkali soaps of the fatty acids are potassium oleate. 
     
     
       16. A metal working emulsion according to claim 1, wherein 20-40% by weight of triglyceride oil is replaced by a high pressure additive consisting of a slightly chlorinated or sulfurized triglyceride oil. 
     
     
       17. A metal working emulsion according to claim 4 wherein the triglyceride oil is chosen from the group of olive oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil of the low erucic acid type. 
     
     
       18. A metal working emulsion according to claim 4 wherein the triglyceride oil is the lowest melting fraction of a fractionated fat. 
     
     
       19. A metal working emulsion according to claim 4 wherein the triglyceride oil is the lowest melting fraction of a fractionated palm oil. 
     
     
       20. A metal working emulsion according to claim 4 wherein the triglyceride oil is the lowest melting fraction of a hydrogenated and fractionated vegetable oil. 
     
     
       21. A metal working emulsion according to claim 4 wherein the triglyceride oil is the lowest melting fraction of a fractionated animal fat.