Method for cleaning aluminum at low temperatures

Abstract

Lubricants and metallic fines are removed from aluminum surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous solution containing an active fluoride compound, sulfuric acid, and a surfactant.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A process for cleaning an aluminum surface having thereon deposits of aluminum fines and lubricant consisting essentially of removing said deposits by contacting said surface with an aqueous cleaning solution comprising hydrofluoric acid in a comcentration of about .Badd.0.005 to about 0.1 gram per liter of said aqueous cleaning solution and sulfuric acid in a concentration of about 1.0 to about 10 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and having a surfactant dissolved therein.Iadd., wherein the aluminum of said surface is 3004 alloy or an aluminum alloy substantially equivalent thereto.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       2. A process according to claim 1 wherein the amount of sulfuric acid in said cleaning solution is sufficient to reduce the pH of less than 1.8. 
     
     
       3. A process according to claim 2 wherein the aqueous cleaning solution is contacted with an aluminum surface by spraying said solution on to the surface. 
     
     
       4. The process according to claim 3 wherein the temperature of the spray solution is below 135° F. 
     
     
       5. The process according to claim 4 wherein the aluminum surface is sprayed with said aqueous cleaning solution for periods of less than about 2 minutes. 
     
     
       6. A process according to claim 4 wherein the aluminum surface is an aluminum can. 
     
     
       7. A process for cleaning aluminum surfaces .[.to remove.]. .Iadd.having thereon deposits of aluminum fines and lubricants consisting essentially of removing said .Iaddend.lubricants and metallic fines .[.which comprises.]. .Iadd.by .Iaddend.contacting said surface with an aqueous cleaning solution, comprising active fluoride expressed as hydrofluoric acid at a concentration in said solution of about 0.005 to about 0.1 gram per liter and sulfuric acid in a concentration of about 1.0 to about 10 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and having a surfactant dissolved therein.Iadd., wherein the aluminum of said surface is 3004 alloy or aluminum alloy substantially equivalent thereto.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       8. A process according to claim 7 wherein an aluminum surface is contacted with said aqueous cleaning solution by spraying said surface with said solution at a temperature below 135° F. for a period of less than about 2 minutes. 
     
     
       9. A process according to claim 7 wherein said aluminum surface is contacted with said aqueous cleaning solution by immersing said aluminum surface into a bath containing said aqueous solution maintained at a temperature below about 135° F. 
     
     
       10. A process according to claim 9 wherein the time of immersion is less than about 2 minutes. 
     
     
       11. A process according to claim 7 wherein the active fluoride concentration of the cleaning solution is maintained at a level equivalent to a make-up concentration of about 0.005 to about 0.1 gram per liter of hydrofluoric acid while said solution is continuously used in cleaning aluminum surfaces by adding hydrofluoric acid to the solution at a rate sufficient to maintain electrode potential of the solution as measured by a fluoride specific ion electrode placed in the solution substantially constant and adding sulfuric acid at a rate sufficient to maintain the pH of the solution substantially constant. 
     
     
       12. A process according to claim 11 wherein the aluminum surface is an aluminum can. 
     
     
       13. A process according to claim 11 wherein the concentration of active fluoride in the cleaning solution expressed as concentration of hydrofluoric acid is maintained between about 0.005 and about 0.03 gram per liter. .Iadd. 14. A process for cleaning an aluminum surface having thereon deposits of aluminum fines and lubricant consisting essentially of removing said deposits by contacting said surface with an aqueous cleaning solution consisting essentially of hydrofluoric acid in a concentration of about 0.005 to about 0.1 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and sulfuric acid in a concentration of about 1.0 to about 10 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and having a surfactant dissolved therein. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 15. A process for cleaning an aluminum surface having thereon deposits of aluminum fines and lubricant, the aluminum of said surface being 3004 alloy or an aluminum alloy substantially equivalent thereto, consisting essentially of removing said deposits by contacting said surface with an aqueous cleaning solution consisting essentially of hydrofluoric acid in a concentration of about 0.005 to about 0.1 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and sulfuric acid in a concentration of about 1.0 to about 10 g/l of said aqueous cleaning solution and having a surfactant dissolved therein. .Iaddend..Iadd. 16. A process according to claim 14 or 15 wherein said surface is that of an aluminum can. .Iaddend.