Phosphatidyl quaternary ammonium compounds

Abstract

Novel synthetic phosphatidyl ammonium hydroxide compounds are prepared which have a hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance different from the natural phosphatidylcholine, which alterations are carried out by changes in the quaternary ammonium polar group to provide different surfactant properties.

What I claim is: 
     
       1. A synthetic phosphatidyl quaternary ammonium compound represented by the formula: ##STR4## wherein R is a C 14  to C 20  hydrocarbon radical; a, b and c represent whole integers of from 0 to .Badd..[.3.]..Baddend. .Iadd.2 and a, b and c in total are equal to at least one.Iaddend.; d represents .Iadd.a .Iaddend.whole .[.integers.]. .Iadd.integer .Iaddend.of .[.from 1 to 5, except that in combination a, b and c cannot be zero and d cannot be two.]. .Iadd.2.Iaddend.; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are methylene radicals. 
     
     
       2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R is an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon radical. 
     
     
       3. The compound of claim 1 wherein R is a fatty radical. 
     
     
       4. The compound of claim 1 wherein the R radicals are different hydrocarbon radicals. 
     
     
       5. The compound of claim 1 wherein a, b and c .[.are zero.]. .Iadd.in total are equal to one.Iaddend.. .[.6. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 4  is a tetramethylene radical and a, b and c are zero..]. .[.7. The compound of claim 1 wherein R 4  is a trimethylene radical and a, b and c are 
     
     
        one, and R 1 , R 2  and R 3  are a methylene radical..]. .[.8. 
     
     
        The compound of claim 6 wherein R is a fatty radical..]. 9. The compound of claim 1 wherein ##STR5## is a myristoyl, palmitoyl, oleoyl, linoleoyl, stearoyl, egg yolk or 
     
     
        soybean radical. 10. The compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of: .[.dioleoyl phosphatidyl-(methylethylene-N-triethyl)ammonium;.].   dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-(ethylene-N-dimethylethyl)ammonium;   distearoyl phosphatidyl-(ethylene-N-dimethylethyl)ammonium; .Iadd.and .Iaddend.   oleoyl-palmitoyl phosphatidyl-(ethylene-N-dimethylethyl)ammonium.[.;   dimyristoyl phosphatidyl-(tetramethylene-N-dipropylmethyl)ammonium;   dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-(trimethylene-N-trimethyl)ammonium;   egg phosphatidyl-(trimethylene-N-trimethyl)ammonium;   soybean phosphatidyl-(trimethylene-N-trimethyl)amonium; and   dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-(tetramethylene-N-trimethylene)ammonium.].. .[.11. The compound of claim 6 wherein ##STR6## is a myristoyl, palmitoyl, oleoyl, linoleoyl, stearoyl, egg yolk or   
     
     
        soybean radical..]. .Iadd.12.  The compound of claim 1 wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3  are not the same number of methylene radicals. .Iaddend.