Apparatus for making carbon black

Abstract

An apparatus for producing carbon black in which an outer housing has mounted therein a tube which defines a converging/diverging venturi through which hot combustion gases and oil flow for decomposition of the oil to carbon black. The tube has an upstream open end at which position there is a baffle having a through opening which has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the open end of the tube, thereby forming a choke at the upstream end of the tube. The apparatus is also provided with means for introducing fuel or fuel gas, air or oxygen-containing gas and feed oil at the proper positions for the manufacture of carbon black.

What is desired to be secured by Letters Patent is: .[.1. An apparatus for producing carbon black, said apparatus including: 
     
        .[.2.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: a. said through opening being substantially round and having a diameter of approximately 40 percent to 90 percent of the diameter of the upstream end..]. .[.3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein:   a. an exterior portion of a portion said first member being spaced from an interior portion of said housing and forming an annular space therebetween wherein said annular space forms a portion of said air inlet means..]. .[.4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein:   a. said first means includes a perforate member mounted in said housing and extending upstream from said second member, said perforate member having a side wall with a plurality of through perforations, said side wall being spaced from an interior portion of said housing forming a portion of said air inlet means; and   b. said second means includes a plurality of tubular members extending into said perforate member with said tubular members being coaxial with said first tubular member..]. .[.5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 4 wherein:   a. said tubular members and said first tubular member being coaxial with one another and in axial alignment with said venturi..]. .[.6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein:   a. said tubular members including second and third tubular members with said second tubular member being adapted for introducing air and has said first tubular member extending therethrough, said third tubular member being operable for introducing the combustible gas and has said first and second tubular member extending therethrough..]. .[.7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein:   a. said second member having a surface defining said opening with said surface having an axial length of up to approximately 50 percent of the diameter of the opening..]. .[.8. An apparatus for producing carbon black, said apparatus including:   a. an elongate housing having a side wall and an end wall;   b. a first member mounted in said housing and having a through flow passage therethrough extending between an upstream end and a downstream end, said flow passage having a converging/diverging venturi therein with the upstream converging portion having an angle (A) of about 1 to 20 degrees and the diverging portion having an angle (B) of about 2 to 50 degrees;   c. a generally cylindrical cage mounted in said housing between said end wall and the upstream end of the first member, said cage defining a precombustion chamber therein and having a side wall with a plurality of through perforations, said cage side wall being spaced from said housing side wall forming a flow path therebetween communicating with said precombustion chamber through said perforations;   d. first means communicating with said flow path operable for introducing air thereinto;   e. injection means extending axially into said cage operable for introducing a combustible fuel into said precombustion chamber and introducing make-oil into one of said precombustion chamber and said flow passage; and   f. a second member positioned in said housing between said cage and said first member upstream end, said second member having a through generally round opening providing an upstream opening for the flow passage and thereby providing flow communication between said precombustion chamber and said flow passage whereby air and fuel flow from the precombustion chamber through the opening into the flow passage, said opening being smaller than the upstream end of the flow passage with the diameter being approximately 40 percent to 90 percent of the diameter of the upstream end of the flow passage, said second member and said first member cooperating with one another for preventing flow of air from the flow path into the   
     
     
        upstream end of the flow passage except through said opening..]. .Iadd.9. An apparatus for producing carbon black, said apparatus including: a. an elongate housing;   b. a first member mounted in said housing and forming a converging/diverging venturi, said member having an upstream end;   c. first means forming a precombustion chamber in said housing adjacent to and upstream of said upstream end of said first member, said first means including a perforate member mounted in said housing and extending upstream from adjacent said upstream end of said first member, said perforate member having an upstream end wall closed to the flow of air therethrough into the precombustion chamber, a downstream opening, and a side wall with a plurality of through perforations, said side wall being spaced from an interior portion of said housing forming a space therebetween;   d. air inlet means comprising said space communicating with said precombustion chamber and only circumferentially introducing air generally tangentially into said precombustion chamber;   e. second means communicating with said precombustion chamber and operable to introduce a combustible fuel thereinto;   f. a first tubular member extending axially into said precombustion chamber and operable for introducing feed oil into one of said precombustion chamber and said venturi; and   g. a second member positioned in said housing adjacent said upstream end of said first member, said second member having a through opening providing an upstream opening for the first member and thereby providing flow communication between said downstream opening of said precombustion chamber and said upstream end of said venturi whereby a burning mixture of fuel and air flows from the precombustion zone through the through opening into the venturi, said through opening being smaller than the upstream end of said venturi; and   h. means connecting the downstream end of the first means with the upstream end of the second member to prevent flow of fluid into the upstream end of the venturi except through the through opening of the second member.   
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.10.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 9 wherein: a. said through opening is substantially round and has a diameter of approximately 40 percent to 90 percent of the diameter of the upstream end. .Iaddend. .Iadd.11. The apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein:   a. said second member has a surface defining said through opening with said surface having an axial length of up to approximately 50 percent of the   
     
     
        diameter of the through opening. .Iaddend. .Iadd.12.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein: a. an exterior portion of a portion said first member is spaced from an interior portion of said housing and forms an annular space therebetween wherein said annular space forms a portion of said air inlet means.   
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.13.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 12 wherein: a. said second means includes a plurality of tubular members extending into a chamber defined by said perforate member with said tubular members being   
     
     
        coaxial with said first tubular member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein: a. said tubular members and said first tubular member are coaxial with one another and in axial alignment with said venturi. .Iaddend. .Iadd.15. The apparatus as set forth in claim 14 wherein:   a. said tubular members include second and third tubular members with said second tubular member being adapted for introducing air and having said first tubular member extending therethrough, said third tubular member being operable for introducing the combustible gas and having said first   
     
     
        and second tubular members extending therethrough. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. Apparatus as in claim 15 wherein: said first member mounted in said housing has a through flow passage therethrough extending between said upstream end and a downstream end, said flow passage forming said converging/diverging venturi wherein the upstream converging portion has an angle (A) of about 1 to about 20 degrees and the downstream diverging portion has an angle (B) of about 2 to about 50 degrees; and wherein   said first means forming a precombustion chamber is a generally cylindrical cage having said sidewall with said plurality of through perforations.   
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.17.  An apparatus for producing carbon black, said apparatus including: a. an elongate housing;   b. a first member mounted in said housing and forming a converging/diverging venturi, said member having an upstream end;   c. first means forming a precombustion chamber in said housing adjacent to and upstream of said upstream end of said first member, said first means having a plurality of openings communicating with the interior of the precombustion chamber;   d. air inlet means communicating with said plurality of openings of said precombustion chamber and operable for only circumferentially introducing air generally tangentially into the precombustion chamber;   e. second means communicating with said precombustion chamber and operable to introduce a combustible fuel thereinto;   f. a first tubular member extending axially into said precombustion zone and operable for introducing feed oil into one of said precombustion chamber and said venturi;   g. a second member positioned in said housing adjacent said upstream end of said first member, said second member having a through opening providing flow communication between said precombustion chamber and said venturi whereby fluid comprising a burning mixture of fuel gas and air flows from the precombustion zone through the through opening into the venturi, said through opening being smaller than the upstream end of said venturi;   h. means connecting the downstream end of the first means with the upstream end of the second member to prevent flow of fluid into the upstream end of the venturi except through the through opening of the second member.   
     
     
        .Iaddend. .Iadd.18.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. said through opening is substantially round and has a diameter of approximately 40 percent to 90 percent of the diameter of the upstream end. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. The apparatus as set forth in claim 18 wherein:   a. said second member has a surface defining said through opening with said surface having an axial length of up to approximately 50 percent of the   
     
     
        diameter of the opening. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20.  The apparatus as set forth in claim 18 wherein: a. an exterior portion of a portion said first member is spaced from an interior portion of said housing and forms an annular space therebetween wherein said annular space forms a portion of said air inlet means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. The apparatus as set forth in claim 20 wherein:   a. said first means includes a perforate member mounted in said housing and extending upstream from said second member, said perforate member having a side wall with a plurality of through perforations, said side wall being spaced from an interior portion of said housing forming a portion of said air inlet means; and   b. said second means includes a plurality of tubular members extending into a chamber defined by said perforate member with said tubular members being coaxial with said first tubular member. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22. The apparatus as set forth in claim 21 wherein:   a. said tubular members and said first tubular member are coaxial with one another and in axial alignment with said venturi. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. The apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein:   a. said tubular members include second and third tubular members with said second tubular member being adapted for introducing air and having said first tubular member extending therethrough, said third tubular member being operable for introducing the combustible gas and having said first and second tubular member extending therethrough. .Iaddend.