Valve construction

Abstract

A valve having a valve body, a valve cavity, a first opening and a second opening with a valve member rotatably positioned within the valve cavity. The valve member may have a generally cylindrical hollow configuration with an end opening in alignment with the first opening, and a side opening with the valve member positioned for rotation to bring the side opening into or out of alignment with the second opening. A seal means is supported by the valve member in slidable contact with the valve cavity with the seal means enclosing the end opening and side opening of the valve member. The valve body may also include a valve member opening in alignment with the valve member. A removable closure member is positioned over the valve member opening. On removal of the closure member, the valve member may be removed from the valve cavity by withdrawing the valve member through the valve member opening. The valve body may also include a third opening with rotation of the valve member providing flow communication between the first and second openings or between the first and third openings. The seal means may enclose the second and third openings when the side opening of the valve member is in communication with either of the second or third openings.

I claim: 
     
       1. A valve comprising: a valve body having a cavity, a first opening, a second opening and a third opening;   a valve member rotatably positioned within said cavity;   said valve member having a generally cylindrical exterior surface and a hollow configuration with an end opening in alignment with said first opening;   a side opening in said valve member positioned at substantially a right angle with respect to said end opening with the valve member positioned for rotation about a cylindrical axis to bring the side opening into or out of alignment with the second opening or the third opening so as to establish flow communication between said first and second openings or between said first and third openings;   said side opening having a width which is sufficient to span the distance between said second and third openings such that the valve is always open with flow communication being provided between said first opening and both said second and third openings when the valve member is in an intermediate position in which said side opening is out of alignment with said second opening and out of alignment with said third opening;   a first groove in said exterior surface positioned in a substantially uniform spaced relation with respect to said end opening;   a second groove in said exterior surface positioned in a substantially uniform spaced relation to said side opening;   a portion of said second groove positioned at substantially a right angle to said first groove and a portion of said second groove being common to said first groove;   a third groove in said exterior surface;   said third groove positioned in a substantially uniform spaced relation about said third opening when said side opening is in alignment with said second opening;   said third groove positioned in a substantially uniform spaced relation about said second opening when said side opening is in alignment with said third opening;   said second groove positioned in a substantially uniform spaced relation about said third opening when said side opening is in alignment with said third opening;   a portion of said third groove positioned at substantially a right angle to said first groove;   a portion of said third groove being common to said first groove;   seal means retained in said first, second and third grooves;   the portion of said second groove which is substantially perpendicular to said first groove being common to the portion of said third groove which is substantially perpendicular to said first groove;   the seal means in the common portion of said second and third grooves performing a dual function of forming a positive seal about said side opening and also forming a positive seal between said second and third openings;   the seal means in the common portion of said first and second grooves serving a common function of maintaining a positive seal about both said end opening and said side opening;   the seal means in the common portion of said first and third grooves serving a common function of maintaining a positive seal about said end opening while maintaining a positive seal about said second or said third openings depending upon the rotational position of the valve member, and   said common portion of said second and third grooves being positioned approximately midway between said second and third openings when said valve member is rotated to a position in which said side opening is in alignment with either said second or said third openings.   
     
     
       2. The valve of claim 1 including stop means associated with said valve member to fix the rotational position of said valve member with said side opening in alignment with either said second or said third opening.   
     
     
       3. The valve of claim 2 including a valve member opening in said valve body in alignment with said valve member;   said valve member opening positioned generally opposite said first opening; and   a removable closure member positioned over said valve member opening,   whereby said valve member may be removed from the valve cavity by removing the closure member and withdrawing the valve member through the valve member opening.   
     
     
       4. The valve of claim 1 including a constricted opening in said first groove;   a constricted opening in said second groove;   a constricted opening in said third groove, and   said seal means retained within said first, second and third grooves by engagement with said constricted openings.   
     
     
       5. The valve of claim 1 wherein said seal means includes: a first continuous seal member positioned in said second groove;   a second continuous seal member positioned in said third groove;   said first seal member lying in the portion of said first groove which is common to said second groove, and   said second seal member lying in the portion of said first groove which is common to said third groove.   
     
     
       6. The valve of claim 5 including a constricted opening in said first groove;   a constricted opening in said second groove;   a constricted opening in said third groove, and   said first and second continuous seal members positioned on said exterior surface and retained within said second and third grooves by engagement with said constricted openings. .Iadd. 7. A valve comprising   (a) a valve body having a cavity, and first, second and third flow openings,   (b) a valve member rotatably positioned within said cavity, said valve member having a generally cylindrical hollow configuration with an end opening in alignment with the body first opening,   (c) the valve member having a side opening characterized in that the side opening is openly aligned with only the second body opening when the valve member is in a primary position whereby flow communication is provided between said first and second openings, and the side opening is openly aligned with only the third body opening when the valve member is rotated about 180° to a secondary position, whereby flow communication is then provided between said first and third openings,   (d) the side opening further characterized in that it becomes openly aligned with both the second and third body openings when the valve member is rotated intermediately of said primary and secondary positions,   (e) the valve member having an outer surface substantially the entirety of which is everywhere cylindrical about one axis defined as an axis of rotation of said valve member in said body, the second and third flow openings being substantially coaxial,   (f) and seal means sealing off between the body and valve member characterized in that a seal is established about the side opening and second opening in said primary position, and a seal is established about the side opening and third opening in said secondary position,   (g) the seal means located between the body and valve means and including two annular sealing surfaces extending about an axis defined by the cylindrical valve member, and two straight sealing surfaces intersecting the two annular sealing surfaces at opposite sides of said axis, said side opening in said member being cylindrically arcuate about said axis and extending into proximity to said two straight sealing surfaces. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 8. The valve of claim 7 including stop means associated with the valve member to limit rotation thereof at each of said primary and secondary positions. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 9. The valve of claim 7 wherein said seal means is carried by the valve member to be removable therewith upon removal of the valve member from the body. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 10. The valve of claim 7 wherein said side opening in said member is cylindrically arcuate about said axis of rotation defined by said member, and terminates at locations at generally opposite sides of said axis of rotation. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 11. The valve of claim 10 wherein the valve body defines an additional opening in axial alignment with the valve member, there being a removable closure positioned over said additional opening and removably attached to said body to allow withdrawal of the valve member from said body when the closure is detached therefrom. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 12. The valve of claim 11 including stop means associated with said closure and the valve member to limit rotation of the valve member at each of said primary and secondary positions. .Iaddend..Iadd. 13. The valve of claim 11 including a valve member actuating handle attached to the valve member and projecting through said closure. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 14. The valve of claim 7 wherein said second and third body openings are at opposite sides of said axis of rotation defined by the cylindrical valve member, and said first body opening is in axial alignment with said axis of rotation. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 15. The valve of claim 7 wherein, said outer cylindrical surface is imperforate except at said side opening. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 16. A valve comprising   (a) a valve body having a cavity, and first, second and third flow openings,   (b) a valve member rotatably positioned within said cavity, said valve member having a generally cylindrical hollow configuration with an end opening in alignment with the body first opening,   (c) the valve member having a side opening characterized in that the side opening is openly aligned with only the second body opening when the valve member is in a primary position whereby flow communication is provided between said first and second openings, and the side opening is openly aligned with only the third body opening when the valve member is rotated to a secondary position, whereby flow communication is then provided between said first and third openings,   (d) the side opening further characterized in that it becomes openly aligned with both the second and third body openings when the valve member is rotated intermediately of said primary and secondary positions,   (e) the valve member having an outer surface substantially the entirety of which is everywhere cylindrical about one axis defined as the axis of rotation of said valve member in said body, the second and third flow openings being substantially coaxial,   (f) seal means sealing off between the body and valve member characterized in that a seal is established about the side opening and second opening in said primary position, and a seal is established about the side opening and third opening in said secondary position, said seal means being carried by the valve member to be removable therewith upon removal of the valve member from the body, the seal means also sealing off between the valve member and body about the third opening in said primary position, and about the first opening in said secondary position,   (g) and grooves in the valve member to receive the seal means, the grooves including two annular grooves extending about an axis defined by the cylindrical valve member, and two straight grooves interconnecting the two annular grooves at opposite sides of said axis, said side opening in said member being cylindrically arcuate about said axis and extending into proximity to said two straight grooves..Iaddend.