Defibering apparatus for paper making stock

Abstract

A deflaker for use in defibering coarse paper making stock includes a rotor and stator having frusto-conical working faces, each of which has therein one or more circumferential rows of angularly spaced pockets separated by axially extending land areas and with a circumferential land between adjacent rows of pockets, the proportions and arrangement of the parts being such that the stock is forced to travel back and forth between rotor and stator pockets as it passes through the working zone. The inlet chamber in which the rotor and stator operate is of substantially larger diameter to provide outlying space to which high specific gravity contaminant materials are directed by the centrifugal force generated by the rotor, and this action is enhanced by a cover plate on the inlet end of the rotor which has the dual function of defining with the adjacent end wall of the stator an entry slot to the working zone, and of developing additional centrifugal force further tending to prevent high specific gravity contaminant materials from reaching this inlet slot. The working faces of the rotor and stator are axially symmetrical so that the rotor can be driven in either direction to double the working life of these elements, and when it is necessary to remove and replace any of the working elements, this can be done without disturbing any piping connections by simply removing a cover plate which forms one wall of the inlet chamber.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. Apparatus for defibering liquid slurry stocks, comprising: a. a housing defining a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port adjacent opposite ends thereof,   b. an annular stator mounted within said chamber between said ports and having a frusto-conical internal working face with the smaller end thereof adjacent said inlet port,   c. a rotor mounted in said housing for rotation within said stator and having a frusto-conical working face complementary to and aligned within said stator face,   d. each of said working faces having therein at least one circumferential row of angularly spaced pockets separated by axially extending land areas,   e. each of said pockets in said rotor having generally axially extending side walls and a generally radially extending back wall cooperating with portions of said land areas on said rotor face to form a circumferential land,   .Iadd.f. each of said rotor pockets having a bottom wall extending from said back wall thereof to the surface of said rotor whereby said back wall constitutes the only end wall of said pocket, .Iaddend.   .[.f..]. .Iadd.g. .Iaddend.each of said pockets in said stator having generally axially extending side walls and a generally radially extending front wall cooperating with portions of said land areas on said stator face to form a circumferential land, .[.and.].   .Iadd.h. each of said stator pockets having a bottom wall extending from said front wall thereof to the surface of said stator whereby said front wall constitutes the only end wall of said pocket, and .Iaddend.   .[.g..]. .Iadd.i. .Iaddend.the axial dimensions of said pockets and of said rotor and stator being of predetermined relationship locating said circumferential lands thereon in axially staggered relation with each other and in radially opposed relation with said stator and rotor pockets respectively to force the stock to travel back and forth between said pockets in flowing from said inlet port to said outlet port.   
     
     
       2. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 further comprising means on said smaller end of said rotor forming an annular skirt of greater outer diameter than the inner diameter of the adjacent end of said stator face and cooperating therewith to define a radially outwardly opening circumferential entry slot to the front ends of said rotor pockets and thereby to minimize the access of high specific gravity materials to said pockets. 
     
     
       3. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said chamber is of greater inner dimensions than the outer dimension of said stator in a plane perpendicular to the axis of said rotor to provide an annular space therein surrounding the adjacent ends of said rotor and stator for collection of high specific gravity contaminant materials, and means forming a cleanout port from said space. 
     
     
       4. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said working faces on said rotor and stator include two circumferential rows of said angularly spaced pockets and land areas separated by a second circumferential land, and wherein the axial dimensions of said pockets and of said rotor and stator are of predetermined relationship locating all of said circumferential lands thereon in axially staggered relation with each other and in radially opposed relation with said stator and rotor pockets respectively to force the stock to travel back and forth between said rotor and stator pockets in flowing from said inlet port to said outlet port. 
     
     
       5. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 further comprising means on said smaller end of said rotor forming an annular skirt of greater outer diameter than the inner diameter of the adjacent smaller end of said stator face and cooperating therewith to define a radially outwardly opening circumferential entry slot to the front ends of said rotor pockets and thereby to minimize the access of high specific gravity materials to said pockets. 
     
     
       6. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said pockets in the row adjacent the smaller end of each of said rotor and stator are larger in circumferential and/or axial extent than said pockets in the row adjacent the larger end thereof, and wherein said row of pockets adjacent the larger end of each of said rotor and stator contains a greater number of said pockets than said row adjacent the smaller end thereof. 
     
     
       7. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said row of pockets adjacent the larger end of each of said rotor and stator contains a greater number of said pockets than said row adjacent the smaller end thereof. 
     
     
       8. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein .Iadd.at least one of the circumferential and axial dimensions of .Iaddend.said pockets in the row adjacent the smaller end of each of said rotor and stator .[.are larger in circumferential and/or axial extent than.]. .Iadd.is larger than the corresponding dimension of .Iaddend.said pockets in the row adjacent the larger end thereof. 
     
     
       9. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said row of pockets adjacent the larger end of each of said rotor and stator contains a greater number of said pockets than said row adjacent the smaller end thereof. 
     
     
       10. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°. 
     
     
       11. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 20° to 30°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 3° to 15°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 90°. 
     
     
       12. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein each of said pockets has a bottom wall extending generally parallel with the axis of said rotor to provide each of said pockets with a substantially greater radial depth adjacent said radially extending wall thereof than at the opposite end thereof, and wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor is greater than said angle (a), but is not greater than 120°, and the angle (b) defined by each of said bottom walls and said rotor axis is smaller than said angle (c) and greater than 0°. 
     
     
       13. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said angle (a) is in the range of 20° to 30°, said angle (d) is in the range of 3° to 15°, said angle (c) is at least 30° but not greater than 90°, and said angle (b) is in the range of 3° to 6°. 
     
     
       14. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein .Iadd.said bottom wall of .Iaddend.each of said pockets .[.has a bottom wall extending.]. .Iadd.extends .Iaddend.in such angular relation with the axis of said rotor as to provide each of said pockets with a substantially greater radial depth adjacent said radially extending wall thereof than at the opposite end thereof. 
     
     
       15. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°, and the angle (b) defined by each of said bottom walls and the said rotor axis is smaller than said angle (c) and greater than 0°. 
     
     
       16. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein the edges of each of said land areas on said rotor are symmetrical with respect to the axis of said rotor, and further comprising reversible drive means for said rotor whereby each of said edges can operate selectively as the leading edge of said land area. 
     
     
       17. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said inlet port is located on the side of said housing, and further comprising a removable closure on said housing forming the wall of said chamber opposite said rotor and stator, means accessible upon removal of said closure for removably mounting said rotor and stator in operative position, and said rotor and stator being proportional for removal and replacement through the opening exposed by removal of said closure. 
     
     
       18. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°. 
     
     
       19. Apparatus for defibering liquid slurry stock, comprising, a. a housing defining an inlet chamber having an inlet port and an outlet chamber having an outlet port,   b. an annular stator mounted within said housing between said chambers and having an internal working face,   c. a rotor mounted in said housing for rotation within said stator on a substantially horizontal axis and having a working face complementary thereto and defining therewith an annular working zone connecting said chambers,   d. one end of said rotor projecting through and beyond the adjacent end of said stator face into said inlet chamber,   e. means on said rotor end forming an annular skirt of greater outer diameter than the inner diameter of the adjacent end of said stator face and cooperating therewith to define a radially outwardly opening circumferential entry slot to said working zone and thereby to minimize the access of high specific gravity materials to said zone, and   f. means including a port below said rotor end for effecting removal of such high specific gravity materials.   
     
     
       20. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 19 wherein said stator has a frusto-conical internal working face with the smaller end thereof adjacent said inlet chamber, said rotor has a frusto-conical working face complementary to and aligned within said stator face, and the smaller end of said rotor is of smaller diameter than the adjacent end of said stator face and projects axially therethrough into said inlet chamber. 
     
     
       21. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 19 further comprising baffle means comprising a generally vertical annular partition positioned within said inlet chamber between said inlet port and said rotor with the openings therethrough located generally in line with the axis of said rotor to trap high specific gravity materials entering said inlet port below said opening on the inlet side of said partition and thereby to prevent access thereof to said working zone. 
     
     
       22. Apparatus for defibering liquid slurry stock, comprising: a. a housing defining an inlet chamber having an inlet port and an outlet chamber having an outlet port,   b. an annular stator mounted within said housing between said chambers and having an internal working face,   c. a rotor mounted in said housing for rotation within said stator on a substantially horizontal axis and having a working face complementary thereto and defining therewith an annular working zone connecting said chambers, and   d. baffle means comprising a generally vertical annular partition positioned within said inlet chamber between said inlet port and said rotor with an opening therethrough located generally in line with the axis of said rotor to trap high specific gravity materials entering said inlet port below said opening on the inlet side of said partition and thereby to prevent access thereof to said working zone.   
     
     
       23. Defibering apparatus as defined in claim 22 wherein said baffle means also comprises means in the space on the inlet port side of said partition for directing stock entering through said inlet port to a level below said opening prior to flow therethrough to said working zone. .Iadd. 24. Working elements for use in apparatus for defibering liquid slurry stocks which includes a housing defining a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port adjacent opposite ends thereof, comprising a. an annular stator element having a frusto-conical internal working face and adapted to be mounted within said chamber between said ports with the smaller end thereof adjacent said inlet port,   b. a rotor element having a frusto-conical working face complementary to said stator face and adapted to be mounted in said housing for coaxial rotation with said stator element,   c. each of said working faces having therein at least one circumferential row of angularly spaced pockets separated by axially extending land areas,   d. each of said pockets in said rotor element having generally axially extending side walls and a generally radially extending back wall cooperating with portions of said land areas on said rotor face to form a circumferential land,   e. each of said rotor pockets having a bottom wall extending from said back wall thereof to the surface of said rotor whereby said back wall constitutes the only end wall of said pocket,   f. each of said pockets in said stator element having generally axially extending side walls and a generally radially extending front wall cooperating with portions of said land areas on said stator face to form a circumferential land,   g. each of said stator pockets having a bottom wall extending from said front wall thereof to the surface of said stator whereby said front wall constitutes the only end wall of said pocket, and   h. the axial dimensions of said pockets and of said rotor and stator elements being of predetermined relationship locating said circumferential lands thereon in axially staggered relation with each other and in radially opposed relation with said stator and rotor pockets respectively to force the stock to travel back and forth between said pockets in   
     
     
        flowing from said inlet port to said outlet port. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 25. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 24 wherein said bottom wall of each of said pockets extends in such angular relation with the axis of said rotor element as to provide each of said pockets with a substantially greater radial depth adjacent said radially extending wall thereof than at the opposite end thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 26. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 25 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and said rotor axis is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°, and the angle (b) defined by each of said bottom walls and said rotor axis is smaller than said angle (c) and greater than 0°. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 27. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 24 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor element is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 28. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 24 wherein each of said working faces on said rotor and stator elements includes two circumferential rows of said angularly spaced pockets and land areas separated by a second circumferential land, and wherein the axial dimensions of said pockets and of said rotor and stator elements are of predetermined relationship locating all of said circumferential lands thereon in axially staggered relation with each other and in radially opposed relation with said stator and rotor pockets respectively to force the stock to travel back and forth between said rotor and stator pockets in flowing from said inlet port to said outlet port. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 29. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein said row of pockets adjacent the larger end of each of said rotor and stator elements contains a greater number of said pockets than said row adjacent the smaller end thereof. .Iaddend..Iadd. 30. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein at least one of the circumferential and axial dimensions of said pockets in the row adjacent the smaller end of each of said rotor and stator elements is larger than the corresponding dimension of said pockets in the row adjacent the larger end thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 31. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 30 wherein said row of pockets adjacent the larger end of each of said rotor and stator elements contains a greater number of said pockets than said row adjacent the smaller end thereof..Iaddend..Iadd. 32. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor element is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 120°. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 33. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 20° to 30°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 3° to 15°, and the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor element is greater than said angle (a) but is not greater than 90°. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 34. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein each of said pockets has a bottom wall extending generally parallel with the axis of said rotor element to provide each of said pockets with a substantially greater radial depth adjacent said radially extending wall thereof than at the opposite end thereof, and wherein one-half the total included angle of each of said working faces is an angle (a) in the range of 15° to 75°, the angle (d) included by said side walls of each of said pockets is in the range of 0° to 60°, the angle (c) defined by each of said back and front walls of said pockets and the axis of said rotor element is greater than said angle (a), but is not greater than 120°, and the angle (b) defined by each of said bottom walls and said rotor axis is smaller than said angle (c) and greater than 0°. .Iaddend..Iadd. 35. Working elements for use in defibering apparatus as defined in claim 34 wherein said angle (a) is in the range of 20° to 30°, said angle (d) is in the range of 3° to 15°, said angle (c) is at least 30° but not greater than 90°, and said angle (b) is in the range of 3° to 6°. .Iaddend.