Composition and polymer

Abstract

Disclosed is a composition comprising (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an ether compound having two or more ether groups, a trivalent phosphorus compound, and a ketone compound, (B) a boron trihalide, and (C) an episulfide compound.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A composition comprising:
 (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an ether compound having two or more ether groups, a trivalent phosphorus compound and a ketone compound, 
 (B) a boron trihalide, and 
 (C) an episulfide compound 
 wherein the at least one of the compound (A) and at least a portion of the boron trihalide (B) form a complex. 
 
     
     
       2. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the number of ether groups in the ether compound is 2 to 8. 
     
     
       3. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the number of carbon atoms in the ether compound is 3 to 50. 
     
     
       4. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the trivalent phosphorus compound is a compound represented by the following formula (1): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein a represents a number of 1 or more, 
         R 1  represents a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 33 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted metallocenyl group, 
         R 2  and R 3  each independently represent a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 33 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 
         R 1  and R 2 , R 1  and R 3 , or R 2  and R 3  may be linked together, and 
         in the case where a is 2 or more, a plurality of R 2  and R 3  groups present may be the same or different and the R 2  groups or the R 3  groups may be linked together. 
       
     
     
       5. The composition according to  claim 4 , wherein in the formula (1), a is 1, all of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  are aromatic hydrocarbon groups, and at least one of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. 
     
     
       6. The composition according to  claim 4 , wherein the number of carbon atoms in the trivalent phosphorus compound is 4 to 52. 
     
     
       7. The composition according to  claim 4 , wherein in the formula (1), a is 1 to 4. 
     
     
       8. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the ketone compound is a compound represented by the following formula (2), (3) or (4): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein a, c, d, and f each independently represent a number of 1 or more, b and e each independently represent a number of 2 or more, 
         R 11  and R 12  each independently represent a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 
         R 13  represents a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 
         R 11 , R 12 , and R 13  may be linked to each other, 
         R 14  and R 15  each independently represent a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 
         the R 15  groups may be the same or different, 
         R 14 , R 15 , and the R 15  groups may be linked to each other, 
         R 16 , R 17 , and R 18  each independently represent a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 
         the R 16  groups and the R 18  groups may be the same or different, and 
         R 16 , R 17 , or R 18  and R 16  or R 18  may be linked to each other. 
       
     
     
       9. The composition according to  claim 8 , wherein when a in the formula (2) is 2, the number of carbon atoms between two ketone groups is 2 to 20. 
     
     
       10. The composition according to  claim 8 , wherein the number of carbon atoms in the ketone compound is 3 to 31. 
     
     
       11. The composition according to  claim 8 , wherein the number of ketone group(s) in the ketone compound is 1 to 8. 
     
     
       12. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein an index α which is expressed in the following formula (5) and represents a ratio between the at least one compound (A) selected from the group consisting of an ether compound having two or more ether groups, a trivalent phosphorus compound and a ketone compound, and the boron trihalide (B) is 1 to 1000:
   Index α=(α e+αp+αk )/α b   (5)
 
 αe: molar number (mol) of ether groups in the ether compound 
 αp: molar number (mol) of trivalent phosphorus atom(s) contained in the trivalent phosphorus compound 
 αk: molar number (mol) of ketone group(s) in the ketone compound 
 αb: molar number (mol) of the boron trihalide. 
 
     
     
       13. The composition according to  claim 12 , wherein αp/αb is 10 or less. 
     
     
       14. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the boron trihalide is at least one selected from the group consisting of boron trifluoride, boron trichloride, and boron tribromide. 
     
     
       15. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the episulfide compound is a compound having only a 3-membered cyclic thioether structure as a polymerizable functional group. 
     
     
       16. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein a ratio between a molar number (mol) of the boron trihalide and a molar number (mol) of episulfide group(s) contained in the episulfide compound is 1:10 to 1:100000. 
     
     
       17. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein an episulfide equivalent of the episulfide compound is 65 to 700 g/mol. 
     
     
       18. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the episulfide compound has a partial structure represented by the following formula (6), (7), (8) or (9): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 20 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 23 , R 26 , R 27 , R 28 , R 29 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , and R 34  each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. 
       
     
     
       19. A polymer formed by polymerizing the episulfide compound in the composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
       20. A method for producing a polymer, comprising polymerizing the episulfide compound in the composition according to  claim 1  by heating and/or energy line irradiation.