Stacked rail stator and capacitive armature linear motor

Abstract

A linear motor for high velocity drive has a transformer which has a magnetic circuit with a central limb; the two ends of stacked unit- or fractional-turn secondary winding of the transformer project at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the central limb; an armature links the two ends, sliding parallel to the longitudinal axis. The armature has dielectrics to form two series-connected capacitors in conjunction with the two ends. The transformer's primary winding is connected to an ac or pulse power source. The resonant frequency for the LC circuit formed by the two capacitors in series to the total effective inductance of the power source, the electric transformer and the armature is determined. The frequency or the pulse rise time of the power source is matched to the resonant frequency, in order to supply adequate electric power from the power source to the series LC circuit.

1. A linear electric motor for high velocity drive, comprising:
 at least one electric transformer with a magnetic circuit having a central limb; 
 the two ends of at least one unit-turn or fractional turn secondary winding of said transformer, projecting at an angle which is not normal to the longitudinal axis of said central limb; 
 said two ends substantially coplanar and symmetrically disposed on the two sides of an imaginary median along said longitudinal axis; 
 at least one armature means slidingly linking said two ends, confined to be moveable parallel to said longitudinal axis and physically in contact with said two ends, 
 either said armature means or said two ends or both having dielectric means to electrically insulate said armature means from said two ends; 
 said dielectric means having unity or more than unity electrical permittivity; 
 two series-connected capacitors formed by said electrical permittivity of said dielectric means between said armature means and said two ends said electric transformer having a primary winding connected with connection means to an alternating current electric power source; 
 an estimation means for the resonant frequency of a series LC circuit comprising said two series-connected capacitors in series to the total effective inductance of the effective inductance respectively of said alternating current power source, said connection means, said electric transformer, said two ends and said armature means; 
 the fundamental frequency of said alternating current power source is matched to said resonant frequency to supply electric power from said alternating current power source to said series LC circuit; 
 the electrically conductive parts of said primary winding and said secondary winding of said electric transformer are either made of good conductors or superconductors; and 
 the electrically conductive parts of said armature means too are either made of a good conductor or a superconductor. 
 
     
     
       2. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein two numbers of said transformer have each said longitudinal axis of each said central limb placed parallel to each said two ends of each said secondary winding respectively integrated equipotentially in a chevron shape to prevent a substantial consumption of said electric power and
 to form a channel with a uniform section, running parallel to each said longitudinal axis, and said uniform section uniformly flanked symmetrically by said two numbers of said transformer; 
 the most acute angle portion of said chevron shape points as an imaginary arrowhead to the direction of linear motion by said armature means under the influence of electromagnetic forces produced with a large induced alternating current of said electric power flowing through said armature means, causing said substantial consumption of said electric power. 
 
     
     
       3. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 2 , wherein a plurality of said unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings are placed in resistive separation, side by side, forming a bonded stack along said longitudinal axis. 
     
     
       4. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 3 , wherein said armature means comprises a central core surrounded by light-weight conductive brushes coated with said dielectric means; and
 said brushes disposable after said armature means leave said linear motor after said high velocity drive. 
 
     
     
       5. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein said transformer has said longitudinal axis of said central limb placed parallel to said two ends of said secondary winding,
 to form said channel with a uniform section, running parallel to said longitudinal axis; 
 said two ends of at least one unit-turn or fractional turn secondary winding of said transformer, projecting centripetal secant-wise to the circular cross section of said central limb at said angle which is not normal to the longitudinal axis of said central limb; 
 said uniform section uniformly enclosed inside said central limb; and 
 said angle is an acute angle and points as an imaginary half arrowhead to the direction of linear motion by said armature means under the influence of electromagnetic forces produced with a large induced alternating current from said electric power flowing through said armature means, causing a substantial consumption of said electric power. 
 
     
     
       6. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein a plurality of said unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings are placed in resistive separation, side by side, forming a bonded stack along said longitudinal axis;
 said bonded stack is integrated with said central limb, forming an electromagnetic flux concentrator bored cylindrical rod; and 
 said electromagnetic flux concentrator bored cylindrical rod is either permanently fixed to said electric transformer or is replaceable in service. 
 
     
     
       7. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 6 , wherein said armature means comprises a central core surrounded by light-weight conductive brushes coated with said dielectric means; and
 said brushes disposable after said armature means leave said linear motor after said high velocity drive. 
 
     
     
       8. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 6 , wherein each of said plurality of unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings is at a successive angular shift relative to the others of said plurality of unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings;
 with said two ends, with said angular shift, reaching the axis of said cylindrical rod to form said channel; 
 said channel has a circular cross section component which is coaxial to said cylindrical rod; and 
 either each of said unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings and said two ends, both, are drawn in a shape with upper and lower surfaces, which perfectly fits on a matching imaginary circular cone, or each said unit-turn or fractional turn secondary windings is circular and each said two ends are drawn in a shape with upper and lower surfaces, which perfectly fits a matching imaginary circular cone. 
 
     
     
       9. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claims 6 , wherein said plurality of secondary windings are longitudinally enclosed externally by a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical magnetic circuit having a magnetic permeability of unity of more than unity. 
     
     
       10. A linear motor for high velocity drive, comprising:
 at least one electric transformer with a magnetic circuit having a central limb; 
 the two ends of a unit-turn or fractional turn secondary winding of said transformer, respectively joined electrically to two electrodes projecting at an angle which is not normal to the longitudinal axis of said central limb; 
 said two electrodes substantially coplanar and symmetrically disposed on the two sides of an imaginary median along said longitudinal axis; 
 at least one armature means slidingly linking said two electrodes, confined to be moveable parallel to said longitudinal axis and physically in contact with said two electrodes; 
 either said armature means or said two electrodes or both having dielectric means to electrically insulate said armature means from said two electrodes; 
 said dielectric means having unity or more than unity electrical permittivity; 
 two series-connected capacitors formed by said electrical permittivity of said dielectric means between said armature means and said two electrodes said electric transformer having a primary winding connected with connection means to an alternating current electric power source; 
 an estimation means for the resonant frequency of a series LC circuit comprising said two series-connected capacitors in series to the total effective inductance of the effective inductance respectively of said alternating current power source, said connection means, said electric transformer, said two electrodes and said armature means; 
 the fundamental frequency of said alternating current power source is matched to said resonant frequency to supply electric power from said alternating current power source to said series LC circuit; 
 the electrically conductive parts of said primary winding and said secondary winding of said electric transformer are either made of good conductors or superconductors; and 
 the electrically conductive parts of said armature means too are either made of a good conductor or a superconductor. 
 
     
     
       11. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 10 , wherein
 two numbers of said transformer have each said longitudinal axis of each said central limb placed parallel to each said two electrodes respectively integrated equipotentially in a chevron shape to prevent a substantial consumption of said electric power and to form a channel with a uniform section, running parallel to each said longitudinal axis; 
 and said uniform section uniformly flanked symmetrically by said two numbers of said transformer; and 
 the most acute angle portion of said chevron shape points as an imaginary arrowhead to the direction of linear motion by said armature means under the influence of electromagnetic forces produced with a large induced alternating current of said electric power flowing through said armature means, causing said substantial consumption of said electric power. 
 
     
     
       12. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 11 , wherein a plurality of said two electrodes are placed in resistive separation, side by side, forming a bonded stack rod along said longitudinal axis; and
 said bonded stack rod is either permanently fixed to said electric transformer or is replaceable in service. 
 
     
     
       13. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 12 , wherein said armature means comprises a central core surrounded by light-weight conductive brushes coated with said dielectric means; and
 said brushes disposable after said armature means leave said linear motor after said high velocity drive. 
 
     
     
       14. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 10 , wherein said transformer has said longitudinal axis of said central limb placed parallel to said two electrodes, to form said channel with a uniform section, running longitudinally parallel to each said longitudinal axis;
 said two electrodes, projecting secant-wise centripetal to the circular cross section of said central limb at said angle which is not normal to the longitudinal axis of said central limb; 
 said uniform section uniformly enclosed inside said central limb; 
 said angle is an acute angle and points as an imaginary half arrowhead to the direction of linear motion by said armature means under the influence of electromagnetic forces produced with a large induced alternating current from said electric power flowing through said armature means, causing a substantial consumption of said electric power. 
 
     
     
       15. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 14 , wherein a plurality of said two electrodes are placed in resistive separation, side by side, forming a bonded stack rod along said longitudinal axis;
 said bonded stack rod is either permanently fixed to said electric transformer or is replaceable in service; 
 said bonded stack rod is integrated with said central limb, forming an electromagnetic flux concentrator bored cylindrical rod; and 
 said electromagnetic flux concentrator bored cylindrical rod is either permanently fixed to said electric transformer or is replaceable in service. 
 
     
     
       16. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 15 , wherein said two electrodes reach the axis of said cylindrical rod to form said channel;
 said channel has a polygonall cross section component which is coaxial to said cylindrical rod; and 
 said two electrodes are drawn in a shape with upper and lower surfaces, which perfectly fits on a matching imaginary circular cone. 
 
     
     
       17. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 15 , wherein said armature means comprises a central core surrounded by light-weight conductive brushes coated with said dielectric means; and
 said brushes disposable after said armature means leave said linear motor after said high velocity drive. 
 
     
     
       18. A linear motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 15 , wherein said secondary winding is longitudinally enclosed externally by a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical magnetic circuit having a magnetic permeability of unity of more than unity. 
     
     
       19. A linear electric motor for high velocity drive, comprising:
 at least one pulse transformer with a magnetic circuit having a central limb; 
 the two ends of at least one unit-turn or fractional turn secondary winding of said transformer, projecting at an angle which is not normal to the longitudinal axis of said central limb; 
 said two ends substantially coplanar and symmetrically disposed on the two sides of an imaginary median along said longitudinal axis; 
 at least one armature means slidingly linking said two ends, confined to be moveable parallel to said longitudinal axis and physically in contact with said two ends, either said armature means or said two ends or both having dielectric means to electrically insulate said armature means from said two ends; 
 said dielectric means having unity or more than unity electrical permittivity; 
 two series-connected capacitors formed by said electrical permittivity of said dielectric means between said armature means and said two ends; 
 said pulse transformer having a primary winding connected with connection means to an electric pulse power source; 
 an estimation means for the resonant frequency of a series LC circuit comprising said two series-connected capacitors in series to the total effective inductance of the effective inductance respectively of said pulse current power source, said connection means, said pulse transformer, said two ends and said armature means; 
 said armature means slidingly linking said two ends for a travel time which is matched to half of the time period of said resonant frequency by the variation of voltage of the electric power from said pulse current power source to said series LC circuit; 
 said pulse current electric power source producing pulses with a rise time which is always smaller than quarter of said time period; 
 the electrically conductive parts of said primary winding and said secondary winding of said electric transformer are either made of good conductors or superconductors; and 
 the electrically conductive parts of said armature means too are either made of a good conductor or a superconductor. 
 
     
     
       20. A linear electric motor for high velocity drive in accordance with  claim 19 , wherein two numbers of said transformer have each said longitudinal axis of each said central limb placed parallel to each said two ends of each said secondary winding respectively integrated equipotentially in a chevron shape to prevent a substantial consumption of said electric power and to form a channel with a uniform section, running parallel to each said longitudinal axis; and
 said uniform section uniformly flanked symmetrically by said two numbers of said transformer; 
 the most acute angle portion of said chevron shape points as an imaginary arrowhead to the direction of linear motion by said armature means under the influence of electromagnetic forces produced with a large induced current from said electric power flowing through said armature means, causing said substantial consumption of said electric power.