Method for producing a functional neuron

Abstract

The present invention relates to the production of functional neurons from adult human mesenchymal stem cells using a retinoid. A retinoid, when used in the absence of a growth factor, transdifferentiates mesenchymal stem cells into functional neurons that exhibit synaptic transmission. Moreover, polarization of the functional neurons can be achieved using selected growth factors. Functional neurons produced in accordance with the method of the invention find use in the treatment or amelioration of diseases or conditions associated with neurodegeneration or nerve damage.

1. A method of producing a neuron consisting of contacting a culture medium consisting essentially of an isolated adult human mesenchymal stem cell with 1 μM to 75 μM of a retinoid, transdifferentiating said stem cell into a neuron, polarizing the neuron by contacting the neuron with at least one growth factor capable of inducing expression of a neurotransmitter by said neuron, and determining the functional capacity of said neuron to produce an action potential, so that a neuron is produced which expresses neuron-specific proteins and produces an action potential.