Optical synchronization arrangement

Abstract

An optical synchronization circuit includes a non-linear optical modulator (NOM). The signal to be synchronized and a reference signal interact within the NOM. Cross-phase modulation produces a spectral shift. The output from the NOM is filtered to produced an error signal.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An optical synchronisation circuit comprising: a) a non-linear optical modulator (NOM) arranged to receive input signals comprising a signal to be synchronised and a reference signal, the NOM producing a spectrally-shifted output signal dependent on the relative timing of the said input signals;   b) optical filter means for producing from the spectrally-shifted output signal an error signal having an amplitude dependent on the spectral shift in the output signal from the NOM; and   c) a variable optical delay responsive to the error signal and arranged to apply a variable delay to the said signal to be synchronised.   
     
     
       2. A circuit according to claim 1, in which the NOM comprises an optical fibre (F) arranged to support cross-phase modulation (XPM) between the two said input signals. 
     
     
       3. A circuit according to claim 1 or 2, including a photo-electric detector (3) for converting the error signal into the electrical domain. 
     
     
       4. A circuit according to claim 1, in which the variable optical delay comprises a length of optical fibre mounted on an electromechanical delay stage. 
     
     
       5. A circuit according to claim 1, in which the variable optical delay comprises an array of discretely switchable optical elements. 
     
     
       6. A circuit according to claim 5, in which the said array comprises a plurality of opto-electronic switches coupled in series with respective delay elements and configurable to provide different optical delays. 
     
     
       7. A circuit according to claim 6, in which the different optical delays increase in generally exponential steps. 
     
     
       8. A circuit according to claim 1, in which the variable optical delay comprises: a variable phase optical signal generator for generating an optical signal having a phase controlled in dependence on the error signal, and   a further non-linear optical modulator connected to the output of the optical signal generator and arranged to receive the signal to be synchronised, in use the signal output by the optical signal generator cross-phase modulating the said signal to be synchronised in the further non-linear optical modulator.   
     
     
       9. An optical switch for switching an optical pulse stream including an optical synchronisation circuit according to claim 1 connected on the input side of the switch and arranged to synchronise an incoming optical pulse stream to a reference optical signal. 
     
     
       10. A switch according to claim 9, in which the reference optical signal is the clock signal used to control the optical switch. 
     
     
       11. A method of synchronising optical signals, comprising: a) applying to a non-linear optical modulator a reference signal and a signal to synchronised, and producing thereby a spectrally-shifted output signal;   b) filtering the spectrally-shifted output signal and producing thereby an error signal having an amplitude dependent on the spectral shift in the output signal from the NOM; and   c) applying to the signal to be synchronised an optical delay varied in dependence upon the error signal.