Antimicrobial peptides

Abstract

The invention is directed to antimicrobial peptides which correspond in sequence to selective amino acid sequences in viral transmembrane proteins. In particular, the proteins are derived from lentiviruses, primarily HIV and SIV. The peptides comprise arginine-rich sequences, which, when modeled for secondary structure, display a high amphipathicity and hydrophobic moment. They are highly inhibitory to microorganisms, while being significantly less active in regard to mammalian cells. As a result, the peptides of the invention may be defined as selective antimicrobial agents. The invention is also directed to antimicrobial peptides which are structural and functional analogs and homologs of the peptides and which exhibit selective inhibitory activity towards microorganisms. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antimicrobial peptides of the invention and to methods for their use in inhibiting microbial growth and treatment of microbial infections.

We claim: 
     
       1. A peptide selected from the group consisting of; a) RVIRVVQGACRAIRHIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 10),   b) RVIRVVRGACRAIRHIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 38),   c) LWETLRRGGRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 73),   d) LWETLRRGCRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 92) and,   e) LWRLLRRGGRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 97).   
     
     
       2. The peptide of claim 1 having the amino acid sequence: RVIRVVQGACRAIRHIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 10).   
     
     
       3. A composition comprising the peptide of claim 2 and a carrier. 
     
     
       4. The peptide of claim 1 having the amino acid sequence: RVIRVVRGACRAIRHIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 38).   
     
     
       5. A composition comprising the peptide of claim 4 and a carrier. 
     
     
       6. The peptide of claim 1 having the amino acid sequence: LWETLRRGGRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 73).   
     
     
       7. A composition comprising the peptide of claim 6 and a carrier. 
     
     
       8. The peptide of claim 1 having the amino acid sequence: LWETLRRGCRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 92).   
     
     
       9. A composition comprising the peptide of claim 8 and a carrier. 
     
     
       10. The peptide of claim 1 having the amino acid sequence: LWRLLRRGGRWILAIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO: 97).   
     
     
       11. A composition comprising the peptide of claim 10 and a carrier. 
     
     
       12. A composition comprising one or more peptides of claim 1 and a carrier. 
     
     
       13. A disulfide-linked dimerized peptide wherein the monomeric peptide has the amino acid sequence: RVIRVVQGACRAIRHIPRRIR (SEQ ID NO:10). 
     
     
       14. A composition comprising the disulfide-linked dimerized peptide of claim 13 and a carrier.