Anionic slurry seal emulsifiers

Abstract

An anionic emulsifier obtained from the reaction products of an alkyl phenol, polyamine, and formaldehyde or of an alkyl phenol, fatty acid/polyamine condensate, and formaldehyde followed by the reaction of such products with acrylic acid, and the uses of the emulsifier in anionic bituminous emulsions and paving slurry seal mixtures are disclosed.

I claim: 
     
       1. A paving slurry seal mixture of an aqueous bituminous emulsion and mineral aggregate capable of being worked comprising: a densely graded mineral aggregate passing through no. 4 and at least 80% retained on 200 mesh screen; from about 8% to about 20% of an oil in water type emulsion, based on the weight of the mineral aggregate, wherein the emulsion is comprised of from about 60% to about 70% bitumen, based on the weight of the emulsion, from about 0.5% to about 2% of an anionic emulsifier based on the weight of the emulsion, and water to make up 100% by weight of the emulsion; and from about 4% to about 16% water, based on the weight of the mineral aggregate, added to form a slurry of the aggregate and the emulsion; wherein the emulsifier is the reaction product of (1) acrylic acid reacted with (2) the reaction product of (a) an alkyl phenol of the general form ##STR6## (b) an aldehyde, and (c) a polyamine wherein the ratio of alkyl phenol to formaldehyde is less than 3 and the ratio of alkyl phenol to polyamine is less than 1. 
     
     
       2. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1, wherein said alkyl group comprises from 8 to 20 carbons. 
     
     
       3. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1 wherein said alkyl phenol is selected from the group of octylphenol, nonylphenol and dodecylphenol. 
     
     
       4. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1 wherein said aldehyde is formaldehyde. 
     
     
       5. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1 wherein said polyamine is a blend of polyamines comprising aminoethylpiperazine and triethylene tetramine. 
     
     
       6. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1 wherein said alkyl phenol is selected from the group of octylphenol, nonylphenol and dodecylphenol, said aldehyde is formaldehyde, and said polyamine is a blend of polyamines comprising aminoethylpiperazine and triethylene tetramine. 
     
     
       7. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 6 wherein the emulsion is a mixing grade composition. 
     
     
       8. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 1 wherein said emulsion has a pH of from 10.0 to 11.5. 
     
     
       9. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 8 wherein up to 90% of the total emulsifier is comprised of one or more auxiliary emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, resin acids, lignins isolated from sulfite or kraft pulping liquors, or alkylsulfonates, long chain alkylsulfonates and petroleum sulfonates. 
     
     
       10. A paving slurry seal mixture of an aqueous bituminous emulsion and mineral aggregate capable of being worked comprising: a densely graded mineral aggregate passing through No. 4 and at least 80% retained on 200 mesh screen; from about 8% to about 20% of an oil in water type emulsion, based on the weight of the mineral aggregate, wherein the emulsion is comprised of from about 60% to about 70% bitumen, based on the weight of the emulsion, from about 0.5% to about 2% of an anionic emulsifier based on the weight of the emulsion, and water to make up 100% by weight of the emulsion; and from about 4% to about 16% water, based on the weight of the mineral aggregate, added to form a slurry of the aggregate and the emulsion; wherein the emulsifier is the reaction product of (1) acrylic acid reacted with (2) the reaction product of (a) an alkyl phenol of the general form ##STR7## (b) an aldehyde, and (c) the reaction product of a polyamine and a compound selected from the group of a tail oil fatty acid, a polycarboxylic acid corresponding to the formula ##STR8## and a polycarboxylic acid corresponding to the formula ##STR9## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, at least one Z is a carboxylic acid group and any remaining Z is hydrogen and wherein the ratio of alkyl phenol to formaldehyde is less than 3 and the ratio of alkyl phenol to the polyamine reaction product is less than 1. 
     
     
       11. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 10 wherein said alkyl group comprises from 8 to 20 carbons. 
     
     
       12. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 10 wherein said alkyl phenol is selected from the group of octylphenol, nonylphenol and dodecylphenol. 
     
     
       13. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 10 wherein said aldehyde is formaldehyde. 
     
     
       14. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 10 wherein said polyamine is a blend of polyamines comprising aminoethylpiperazine and triethylene tetramine. 
     
     
       15. A paving slurry seal mixture of claim 10 wherein said alkyl phenol is selected from the group of octylphenol, nonylphenol and dodecylphenol, said aldehyde is formaldehyde, and said polyamine is a blend of polyamines comprising aminoethylpiperazine and triethylene tetramine. 
     
     
       16. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 15 wherein the emulsion is a mixing grade composition. 
     
     
       17. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 15 wherein said emulsion has a pH of from 10.0 to 11.5. 
     
     
       18. The paving slurry seal mixture of claim 17 wherein up to 90% of the total emulsifier is comprised of one or more auxiliary emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, resin acids, lignins isolated from sulfite or kraft pulping liquors, or alkylsulfonates, long chain alkylsulfonates and petroleum sulfonates.