US4959247AExpiredUtility

Electrochromic coating and method for making same

97
Assignee: DONNELLY CORPPriority: Dec 14, 1987Filed: Dec 14, 1987Granted: Sep 25, 1990
Est. expiryDec 14, 2007(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Frank H. MoserNiall R. Lynam
C03C 2217/217C03C 17/3417C03C 2218/11C04B 41/5072C03C 2218/322C03C 17/27C04B 41/85G02F 1/1524C03C 17/25C04B 41/009
97
PatentIndex Score
216
Cited by
31
References
42
Claims

Abstract

Transition metal nitrates such as nickel nitrate are dissolved in monoalcohols having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The coatings are applied to a substrate material and fired to convert the coating to an electrochromically active state.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: 
     
       1. A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, consisting essentially of: forming a coating solution by contacting at least one transition metal nitrate compound with at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms;   coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and   firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.   
     
     
       2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said coating solution comprises from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent of transition metal nitrate. 
     
     
       3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate. 
     
     
       4. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate. 
     
     
       5. A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, comprising: forming a coating solution comprising at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one transition metal nitrate and from 5 to 60 weight/volume percent of ethyl acetate;   coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and   firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.   
     
     
       6. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       7. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       8. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       9. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       10. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       11. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one ;nonionic wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       12. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       13. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate. 
     
     
       14. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate. 
     
     
       15. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 5 to 60 weight/volume percent of ethyl acetate. 
     
     
       16. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       17. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       18. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       19. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       20. A method in accordance with claim 18 wherein said coating composition contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       21. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating composition contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       22. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said substrate has at least one electrically conductive surface. 
     
     
       23. A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein said coating solution comprises from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent transition metal nitrate. 
     
     
       24. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate. 
     
     
       25. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate. 
     
     
       26. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said substrate has at least one electrically conductive surface. 
     
     
       27. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       28. A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       29. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       30. A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       31. A method in accordance with claim 29 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       32. A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       33. A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       34. A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate. 
     
     
       35. A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate. 
     
     
       36. A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C. 
     
     
       37. A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       38. A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       39. A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       40. A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate. 
     
     
       41. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent. 
     
     
       42. A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.

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