Valve system for reciprocating engines

Abstract

This invention relates to a valve system for reciprocating engines, said system comprising at least two cylindrical guides obtained in the cylinder head; a valve for each guide, said valve being slidable inside the guide itself, without never projecting into the cylinder; ducts or channels obtained in said cylinder head which make one of said guides and hence the cylinder itself to communicate, following to the motion of the corresponding valve, with the induction or the exhaust system; and sealing means between each one of said valves and the corresponding guide; said valves being designed so as to open in their motion the passage of the corresponding channel or duct towards the outside of the cylinder.

I claim: 
     
       1. A valve system for reciprocating engines, characterized in that it comprises at least two cylindrical guides obtained in the cylinder head; a valve for each guide, which is slidable inside the guide itself without projecting into the inside part of the cylinder; channels or ducts obtained in said cylinder head which put one of said guides and the cylinder itself in communication with the intake or exhaust system following to the motion of the corresponding valve; and sealing means between each one of said valves and the corresponding guide; said valves being provided with a motion that opens the passage of the corresponding channel towards the outside of the cylinder. 
     
     
       2. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that each one of said valves comprises a cylindrical part on which said sealing means is located and a part connecting said cylindrical part with a valve driving system. 
     
     
       3. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that each one of said valves is an integral body. 
     
     
       4. A valve system according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that said valves are of circular cross section. 
     
     
       5. A valve system according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that said valves are of oval cross section. 
     
     
       6. A valve system according to claim 1 characterized in that said cylindrical guides obtained in the cylinder head are of constant cross section. 
     
     
       7. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that said cylindrical guides obtained in the cylinder head have a projecting part at the point corresponding to the combustion chamber, said projecting part being of sizes or diameter lower than those of the guide itself. 
     
     
       8. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that channel or ducts are obtained within the cylinder head, said channels having openings on the valve guide at such a distance from the combustion chamber as to allow a perfect sealing to be obtained between the valves, the guide and the combustion chamber itself, and such as to allow the combustion chamber to be put in communication with the intake or the exhaust system during the opening of the valve itself. 
     
     
       9. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that said guides are obtained directly within the cylinder head. 
     
     
       10. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that said guides are introduced into a housing obtained in the cylinder head itself. 
     
     
       11. A valve system according to claim 10, characterized in that said guides are realized with the same material as that of the cylinder head. 
     
     
       12. A valve system according to claim 10, characterized in that said guides are realized with a material different from that of the cylinder head. 
     
     
       13. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that each one of said valves consists of a valve head facing the combustion chamber; of a cylindrical part; of a stem; of a guiding member which is of a diameter equal to or different from the diameter of the preceding members; and a member which connects the valve itself with the system for driving the valves. 
     
     
       14. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that said sealing means are made up of elastic rings consisting of a metallic material. 
     
     
       15. A valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that said sealing means are made up of rings consisting of a composite material. 
     
     
       16. A valve system according to claims 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings are of rectangular cross section. 
     
     
       17. A valve system according to claims 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings have L-shaped cross sections. 
     
     
       18. A valve system according to claims 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings have C-shaped cross sections. 
     
     
       19. A valve system according to claims 13 and 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings are arranged on said cylindrical part of the valve. 
     
     
       20. A valve system according to claims 6 and 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings are arranged directly on the guide. 
     
     
       21. A valve system according to claims 7 and 14 or 15, characterized in that said rings are arranged on the terminal projecting part of the guide.