Hot-blast nozzles, particularly for blast furnaces

Abstract

The nozzle of the invention comprises a hollow tubular enclosure (1) in which is provided a hollow tubular chamber (10) coaxial with the enclosure and extending from the yoke (7) to the vicinity of the snout (5) thereof; the chamber (10) is connected through the yoke to a supply network (14) and at its circular front end it is provided with tangential orifices (15) for tangential injection of the cooling liquid on the internal surface of the snout.

I claim: 
     
       1. A hot-blast nozzle, particularly for a blast furnace, comprising: an outer hollow tubular enclosure defined by two substantially cylindrical walls extending between a front part or and a rear part and through which a current of a supplied cooling liquid can flow,   an inner hollow tubular chamber substantially coaxial with the outer enclosure and disposed at a radial distance from the substantially cylindrical walls thereof, said inner chamber having a rear end located at said rear part of the outer enclosure and a front end located in the immediate vicinity of said snout;   liquid supply means for connecting said inner enclosure to a cooling liquid supply network; and   means for discharging a supplied cooling liquid connected to the outer enclosure;   characterized in that said nozzle further comprises at least one orifice located substantially in the front end of the inner chamber and opening tangentially into said enclosure so as to communicate to the supplied cooling liquid a tangential component; and characterized in that the outer enclosure has inwardly no obstacle likely to oppose the movement of the cooling liquid, whereby said orifice and said obstacle-free outer enclosure are such that the cooling liquid is projected against the inner face of the snout of the enclosure and then set in free helical rotational motion within the outer enclosure between the snout and the discharge means.   
     
     
       2. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner chamber has several orifices spaced angularly evenly from each other. 
     
     
       3. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the total area through which the supplied cooling liquid can flow from the inner chamber into the outer enclosure is less than the total area of the discharge means through which the supplied cooling liquid can flow out of said nozzle, thereby ensuring discharge of the liquid from the enclosure. 
     
     
       4. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area through which the supplied cooling liquid flows from the inner chamber to the outer enclosure has a size so as to produce a predetermined cooling liquid flowrate and wherein the maximum flow rate through said nozzle is limited solely by said cross-sectional area. 
     
     
       5. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 1 wherein said enclosure walls are truncated cone shaped walls. 
     
     
       6. A hot-blast nozzle, particularly for a blast furnace, comprising; a hollow tubular annular enclosure defined by two substantially coaxial side walls extending between a front part or nose and a rear part,   a hollow tubular annular chamber located in the inside of said enclosure substantially coaxially with said enclosure, said chamber being defined by two coaxial substantially cylindrical side walls connected together at a front end of said chamber and disposed at a radial distance from the side walls of said enclosure, said chamber having a rear end located at said rear part of the enclosure and said front end located in the immediate rear vicinity of said nose;   liquid supply means for connecting said chamber to a cooling liquid supply network;   means connected to the enclosure for discharging the cooling liquid; and   at least one orifice located substantially in the front end of said chamber and forming a passage between said chamber and said enclosure, said orifice opening tangentially into said enclosure, and said enclosure having no substantial inner obstacle, such that in use a cooling liquid flows through the orifice into the enclosure with a tangential component of speed that the liquid is projected against the inner face of said nose of the enclosure and then is set in free helical rotational motion within the enclosure from the nose to the discharge means.   
     
     
       7. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the chamber has several orifices spaced angularly evenly from each other. 
     
     
       8. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the total area through which the liquid flows from the chamber into the enclosure is less than the total area of the discharge means through which the liquid flows thereby ensuring discharge of the liquid from the enclosure. 
     
     
       9. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 8 characterized in that there are a plurality of orifices in said chamber front end, said orifices have a predetermined size based as a function of the cooling liquid flowrate. 
     
     
       10. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 9 wherein said enclosure has at least one opening located substantially in said rear part of said enclosure; and wherein the total cross-sectional size of all of said orifices in said chamber front end is selected such that the total combined cross-sectional size thereof is less than the total cross-sectional size of all of said enclosure openings. 
     
     
       11. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the total area through which the liquid flows from the chamber into the enclosure is less than the total area of the discharge means through which the liquid flows thereby ensuring discharge of the liquid from the enclosure. 
     
     
       12. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 6, wherein said enclosure, said walls and said chamber side walls are truncated cone shaped walls. 
     
     
       13. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 6 characterized in that the total cross-sectional area through which the cooling liquid flows from the inner chamber to the outer enclosure has a predetermined size based as a function of the cooling liquid flowrate. 
     
     
       14. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 6 wherein the total cross-sectional area through which the cooling liquid flows from the inner chamber to the outer enclosure has a size that is less than the total cross-sectional size of the discharging means. 
     
     
       15. A hot-blast nozzle, particularly for a blast furnace comprising; a front nose,   a rear part,   two coaxial enclosure side walls extending between the nose and the rear part and defining an annular enclosure,   two coaxial chamber side walls located inside the enclosure and substantially coaxial therewith, the chamber side walls spaced a radial distance from corresponding ones of the enclosure side walls and extending from the rear part to the immediate rear vicinity of the nose where they are connected together to form a front end whereby the chamber side walls define therebetween an annular chamber,   liquid supply means for connecting the chamber to a cooling liquid supply network, and   means connected to the enclosure for discharging the cooling liquid;   characterized in that said nozzle further comprises;   means for supporting the enclosure side walls and the chamber side walls such that there is no substantial inner obstacle in the enclosure;   at least one orifice in the chamber side walls located substantially in the front end of the chamber and providing a passageway between the chamber and the enclosure, said at least one orifice opening tangentially into the enclosure such that a cooling liquid flows through said at least one orifice into the enclosure with a tangential component of speed and is projected against the inner face of the enclosure nose,   whereby said orifice is so arranged and said enclosure and chamber side walls are mounted and are so substantially obstacle free that a cooling liquid emitted from said at least one orifice is set in free helical rotational motion within the enclosure from the nose to the discharge means.   
     
     
       16. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 15 and further comprising a plurality of said orifices all said orifices being evenly, angularly spaced from each other. 
     
     
       17. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that the total area through which the liquid flows from the chamber into the enclosure is less than the total area of the discharge means through which the liquid flows thereby ensuring discharge of the liquid from the enclosure. 
     
     
       18. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the total area through which the liquid flows from the chamber into the enclosure is less than the total area of the discharge means through which the liquid flows thereby ensuring discharge of the liquid from the enclosure. 
     
     
       19. The blast nozzle as claimed in claim 15, wherein the enclosure side walls and the chamber side walls are truncated cone shaped walls.