Ram-type blowout preventer

Abstract

A ram-type blowout preventer including a body with a central bore and guideways extending outward therefrom, a ram in each guideway with means for moving it inward and outward and means for compensating for wear of the guideway or ram including at least one skid secured to the lower surface of the ram.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideways extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideway and having a lower surface,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore, and   non-resilient means of each of said rams to compensate for wear of said guideways and maintain said rams in their desired position in their guideways.   
     
     
       2. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 1 wherein said wear compensating means includes at least one skid secured to the lower surface of said ram, and   at least one shim positioned between the skid and the ram.   
     
     
       3. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 2 including two skids secured to the lower surface of said ram.   
     
     
       4. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 3 wherein said ram includes a lower mud slot, and   said skids are mounted in said mud slot.   
     
     
       5. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 3 wherein said skids are mounted to the lower ram surface at each side thereof and define a mud slot therebetween.   
     
     
       6. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 1 wherein said wear compensating means includes a skid secured to the lower surface of the ram and being adjustable in position to compensate for wear.   
     
     
       7. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 6 wherein said skid includes a body having a Y-shaped recess on the lower surface.   
     
     
       8. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 7 wherein said position adjustment includes at least one shim positioned between the skid and the ram.   
     
     
       9. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 1 wherein said wear compensating means includes fastening means for securing said wear compensating means to said rams,   said fastening means being of a non-galling material.   
     
     
       10. A ram-type blowout preventer according to claim 1 wherein said wear compensating means includes fastening means for securing said wear compensating means to said rams, and   means covering the head of said fastening means with a non-galling material.   
     
     
       11. An improved ram structure for use in a ram-type blowout preventer having a central bore and guideways extending therefrom comprising a ram body having a transverse shape conforming to the shape of its guideway, a lower surface, a front recess for receiving front packing and means for connecting to an actuator, and   means on the lower surface of the ram body to compensate for wear of its guideway.   
     
     
       12. An improved ram structure according to claim 11 wherein said wear compensating means includes at least one skid secured to the lower surface of said ram, and   at least one shim positioned between the skid and the ram.   
     
     
       13. An improved ram structure according to claim 12 including two skids secured to the lower surface of said ram.   
     
     
       14. An improved ram structure according to claim 13 wherein said ram includes a lower mud slot, and   said skids are mounted in said mud slot.   
     
     
       15. An improved ram structure according to claim 13 wherein said skids are mounted to the lower surface at each side thereof and define a mud slot therebetween.   
     
     
       16. An improved ram structure according to claim 11 wherein said wear compensating means includes a skid secured to the lower surface of the ram and being adjustable in position to compensate for wear.   
     
     
       17. An improved ram structure according to claim 11 wherein said wear compensating means includes a skid having a Y-shaped recess on its lower surface with the two channels of the recess facing the rear of the ram.   
     
     
       18. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideway extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideway and having a mud slot in its lower side,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore,   two skids secured to the lower surface of said ram in said mud slot, and   at least one shim positioned between each skid and the ram.   
     
     
       19. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideways extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideways and having a lower surface,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore,   two skids secured to the lower surface of said ram and being spaced apart to form a mud slot, and   at least one shim positioned between each skid and the ram.   
     
     
       20. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideways extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideway,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore, and   means removably secured to each ram to maintain the rams in position in their guideways with their guideway seals in sealing engagement with the interior of their guideways.   
     
     
       21. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideways extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideway,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore, and   replaceable means on each of said rams to compensate for wear of said guideways or rams and maintains said rams in their desired position in their guideways.   
     
     
       22. A ram-type blowout preventer comprising a body having a central bore extending therethrough and opposed aligned ram guideways extending outward from said central bore,   a ram in each guideway,   means for moving said rams into bore closing position and to retracted position out of said bore, and   at least one replaceable wear skid secured to each of said rams to maintain the rams in position in their guideways with their guideway seals sealing against the interior of their guideways.