Dental half-implants

Abstract

The invention concerns a drill head for the attachment of bone drills or bone milling cutters, as well as the bone drills or milling cutters themselves, especially for preparing bone cavities into which enossal prosthetic elements can be inserted. The designation "bone drill" or "bone milling cutter" is meant to include all drills or cutters with which, in the field of human or veterinary medicine, including the dental field, material can be removed from teeth, bones and bone-like tissue, as well as from corresponding substitute materials. Finally the invention concerns also dental and half-implants, being particularly simply inserted with these instruments.

I claim: 
     
       1. An enossal dental half-implant suitable for use in at least two simultaneously drilled, identical, uniformly shaped, overlapping bores in a jaw bone, said implant having a downwardly tapering endostructure having an upper end and a lower end constructed as a dental root substitute comprising a unitary one-piece structure having at least two identical, uniformly shaped cone-like root portions which overlap at least at the upper end of said endostructure and which are separate from each other at the lower end of said endostructure, said upper end of said endostructure having a uniformly lobed cross-sectional configuration lying in a plane having the greatest cross-sectional area of the endostructure while the entire cone-like root portions are disposed completely within a projection of said greatest cross-sectional area in a direction perpendicular to said plane of said upper end. 
     
     
       2. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said cone-like regions are circular in cross-section with the said greatest cross-sectional area in the region of overlap having a dumbbell configuration when two uniform root portions overlap. 
     
     
       3. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 2 wherein the center points of the cross-sectional areas of the cone-like portions lie on straight lines which form the axes of said cone-like portions with the sides of said cone-like portions being limited by conical surfaces. 
     
     
       4. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 3 wherein said axes extend parallel to each other. 
     
     
       5. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 3 wherein said axes are inclined relative to each other and intersect each other. 
     
     
       6. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 5 wherein said axes intersect below the lower end of said endostructure. 
     
     
       7. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 5 wherein said axes intersect above the upper end of said endostructure. 
     
     
       8. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 3 wherein said axes lie in a common plane. 
     
     
       9. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 1 wherein said endostructure includes three cone-like portions disposed in a triangle beside each other with two of said cone-like regions touching each other while at the same time intersecting a third cone-like portion at the upper end of said endostructure. 
     
     
       10. An enossal dental half-implant as set forth in claim 1 further comprising an exostructure wherein the contour of the endostructure at the upper end of said endostructure is extended upwardly into said exostructure. 
     
     
       11. An enossal dental half-implant according to claim 10 wherein at least said endostructure is provided with circumferential grooves about said cone-like root portions and a porous surface layer. 
     
     
       12. An enossal dental half-implant according to claim 10 wherein said exostructure is formed at the upper portion thereof in a tooth-like configuration.