Adaptable modular construction system based on metal structures joined and tensile-compressed by steel cables

Abstract

An adaptable modular construction system based on metal structures joined and tensile-compressed by steel cables, where the metal structures are made up of rectangular section tubes determining rectangular frames that form individual panels in such a way that the ends of the tubes of each frame project vertically and horizontally fitting inside the ends of the tubes of adjacent frames in such a way as to form joints forming a continuum; a plurality of steel cables are mounted vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular section tubes of the rectangular frames to form a single tensile-compressed metal structure made up of a plurality of frames; the tubes of the metal structures have tensioners mounted at one end and anchor stops at the opposite end for the steel cables that cross through their interior; the rectangular frames comprise plates of an insulating element framed inside them; and optionally, the faces of the individual panels made up of the rectangular frames are coated.

1 . An adaptable modular construction system based on metal structures ( 1 ) joined and tensile compressed by steel cables ( 2 ), characterized in that:
 The metal structures ( 1 ) are made up of rectangular section tubes ( 3 ) determining rectangular frames ( 4 ) that make up individual panels ( 5 ) in such a way that the ends of the tubes of each frame project vertically and horizontally, fitting inside the ends of the tubes ( 3 ) of adjacent frames in such a way as to form joints ( 6 ) forming a continuum;   a plurality of steel cables ( 2 ) are mounted vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular section tubes ( 3 ) of the rectangular frames ( 4 ) to form a single tensile-compressed metal structure ( 7 ) consisting of a plurality of frames ( 4 );   The tubes of the metal structures ( 1 ) have tensioners ( 8 ) mounted at one end and anchor stops ( 9 ) at the opposite end for the steel cables ( 2 ) that cross through their interior;   The rectangular frames ( 4 ) comprise plates ( 10 ) of an insulating element framed inside them; and   Optionally, the faces of the individual panels ( 5 ) formed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) are coated.   
     
     
         2 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the tensioners ( 8 ) are mounted on the ends of the crossbars ( 11 ) of the metal structures ( 1 ) and the anchor stops ( 9 ) on the opposite ends. 
     
     
         3 . The modular construction system of  claim 2 , characterized in that the tensioners ( 8 ) are mounted at the ends of the columns ( 12 ) of the metal structures ( 1 ) and the anchor stops ( 9 ) at the opposite ends. 
     
     
         4 . The modular construction system of  claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the tensioners ( 8 ) are threaded elements with tensile-generating locks. 
     
     
         5 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the number of individual panels ( 5 ) that make up a wall is 4 or less in simple construction systems, and 4 panels or more in double and composite construction systems. 
     
     
         6 . The modular construction system of  claim 5 , characterized in that the steel cables ( 2 ) that cross the inside of the tubes ( 3 ) of the metal structures ( 1 ) are subjected to a tension compression that joins the individual panels ( 5 ) that varies from 980.7 N (100 kgf) to 3,432.3 N (350 kgf) of compression per tensioner ( 8 ) generating from 1,961.3 N (200 kgf) to 6,864.7 N (700 kgf) of tension compression per wall or ceiling. 
     
     
         7 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a multiplicity of metal structures ( 1 ) joined and tensioned together, constituting a structural panel made up of a multiplicity of individual panels ( 5 ) that make up a wall or a ceiling. 
     
     
         8 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the plates ( 10 ) framed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) provide acoustic, thermal, or both insulation. 
     
     
         9 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the plates ( 10 ) framed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) are made of a material selected from high-density expanded polyurethane foam, high-density polyethylene foam, silicone foam, polystyrene foam, projected cellulose, mineral wool, glass wool, cork, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The modular construction system of  claim 9 , characterized in that the plates ( 10 ) framed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) are made up of high-density expanded polyurethane plates. 
     
     
         11 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that one of the faces of the individual panels ( 5 ) formed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) is coated. 
     
     
         12 . The modular construction system of  claim 11 , characterized in that both sides of the individual panels ( 5 ) formed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) are coated. 
     
     
         13 . The modular construction system of  claim 11 or 12 , characterized in that the exterior covering ( 13 ) is selected from sheet metal, wood, plastic, cement, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The modular construction system of  claim 11, 12 or 13 , characterized in that the interior coating ( 14 ) is selected from sheet metal, plaster, plastic, cement, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The modular construction system of  claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that the internal or external coating is coated with a paint. 
     
     
         16 . The modular construction system of  claim 11 , characterized in that the faces of the individual panels ( 5 ) formed by the rectangular frames ( 4 ) comprise plasterboards on an additional support structure ( 15 ) fixed to the metal structures ( 1 ) of the panels. 
     
     
         17 . The modular construction system of  claim 16 , characterized in that the plasterboards on an additional support structure ( 15 ) fixed to the metal structures ( 1 ) of the panels are coated with a paint. 
     
     
         18 . The modular construction system of  claim 16 , characterized in that the metal structures ( 1 ) are modulated from 800 mm to 1,400 mm horizontally and from 2,500 mm to 7,000 mm vertically as required by the project. 
     
     
         19 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the individual tensile-compressed panels ( 5 ) are joined together by anchoring to the floor at the corners by means of bolts or rigid anchors in the angles of the construction and to the ceiling panels. 
     
     
         20 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that a wall is made up of a plurality of individual panels ( 5 ) unified horizontally using a simple tension system comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within the crossbars ( 11 ), where the steel cables ( 2 ) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and anchored at the opposite end on a stop panel of said wall. 
     
     
         21 . The modular construction system of  claim 20 , characterized in that a first horizontal steel cable is located at the top of the panel and a second horizontal steel cable is 2,000 mm below the first. 
     
     
         22 . The modular construction system of  claim 20 , characterized in that it has a roof arranged in the direction of a ridge made up of a plurality of individual panels ( 5 ) unified horizontally using a simple tension system comprising up to 4 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel and longitudinally within crossbars ( 11 ) every 5 meters, where the steel cables ( 2 ) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and anchored at the opposite end on a stop panel of said roof. 
     
     
         23 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that the simple tension system consists of 2 steel cables ( 2 ) per wall or roof deck arranged in parallel within crossbars ( 11 ) for the construction of one-story homes. 
     
     
         24 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that two or more walls are made up of a plurality of individual panels ( 5 ) unified horizontally in different planes using a composite tension system comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within crossbars ( 11 ), also comprising a concrete pouring on the tension upright and a stop on walls and ceiling. 
     
     
         25 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that two or more superimposed walls are made up of a plurality of individual panels ( 5 ) unified horizontally using a double tension system comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within crossbars ( 11 ), and an additional vertical tension system to achieve the connection between walls mounted perpendicularly comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within columns ( 12 ), wherein the steel cables ( 2 ) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and anchored at the opposite end on a stop panel of said superimposed walls. 
     
     
         26 . The modular construction system of  claim 1 , characterized in that two or more walls attached to a roof are made up of a plurality of individual panels ( 5 ) unified horizontally using a double tension system comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within the crossbars ( 11 ) of the wall and the roof, and an additional vertical tension system to achieve the connection between the walls and the roof comprising up to 2 steel cables ( 2 ) arranged in parallel within columns ( 12 ) of the walls that extend along the roof to the ridge, where the steel cables ( 2 ) are tensioned from one end of an adjustment panel and anchored at the opposite end on a stop panel of said walls and ridge of the roof.