Renewable base stock from biological materials

Abstract

A base stock composition may include: a naphthene component, wherein the naphthene component comprises a naphthene ring comprising two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the naphthene ring, wherein the naphthene component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C34; and a branched paraffinic component, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises a paraffinic backbone with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the paraffinic backbone, and wherein the branched paraffinic component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C36.

1 . A base stock composition comprising:
 a naphthene component, wherein the naphthene component comprises a naphthene ring comprising two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the naphthene ring, wherein the naphthene component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C34; and   a branched paraffinic component, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises a paraffinic backbone with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the paraffinic backbone, and wherein the branched paraffinic component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C36.   
     
     
         2 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition has a Noack volatility is that less than about 12% as measured by ASTM D5800. 
     
     
         3 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of about 3.8 to about 4.3 cSt as measured by ASTM D 445-01, wherein the base stock composition has a viscosity index of at least 120 as measured by ASTM D2270-93. 
     
     
         4 . (canceled) 
     
     
         5 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition has a cold cranking simulator viscosity value at −35° C. of less than 3000 cP as measured by ASTM D5203. 
     
     
         6 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition comprises at least 98% biogenic carbon as measured by ASTM D6866. 
     
     
         7 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition has a cold pour point of less than −30° C. as measured by ASTM D5950. 
     
     
         8 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock further comprises a lighter component wherein the lighter component comprises lighter branched paraffinic hydrocarbons and lighter naphthenic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers from C24 to C27,
 wherein the lighter branched paraffinic hydrocarbons comprise a lighter paraffinic backbone and two or more lighter paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the lighter paraffinic backbone such that the lighter branched paraffinic hydrocarbons have a carbon number in a range of C24 to C27,   wherein the lighter naphthenic hydrocarbons comprise a lighter naphthene ring and two or more lighter paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the lighter naphthene ring such that the lighter naphthenic hydrocarbons have a carbon number in a range of C24 to C27.   
     
     
         9 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock further comprises a heavier component wherein the heavier component comprises heavier branched paraffinic hydrocarbons and heavier naphthenic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers from C37 to C44,
 wherein the heavier branched paraffinic hydrocarbons comprise a heavier paraffinic backbone and two or more heavier paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the heavier paraffinic backbone such that the heavier branched paraffinic hydrocarbons have a carbon number in a range of C37 to C44,   wherein the heavier naphthenic hydrocarbons comprise a heavier naphthene ring and two or more heavier paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the heavier naphthene ring such that the heavier naphthenic hydrocarbons have a carbon number in a range of C37 to C44.   
     
     
         10 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , comprising the naphthene component in an amount of about 15 wt. % to about 30 wt. % based on a total weight of the base stock composition wherein the naphthene component comprises paraffinic branches with carbon numbers of C3 or greater. 
     
     
         11 . (canceled) 
     
     
         12 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , comprising the branched paraffinic component in an amount of about 70 wt. % to about 85 wt. % based on a total weight of the base stock composition wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises paraffinic branches with carbon numbers of C3 or greater. 
     
     
         13 . (canceled) 
     
     
         14 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the naphthene component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C30 and wherein the branched paraffinic component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C34. 
     
     
         15 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the naphthene component, the branched paraffinic component, or both, are at least partially derived from dimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22, wherein the unsaturated acid is at least partially derived from a seed oil. 
     
     
         16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the naphthene component, the branched paraffinic component, or both, are at least partially derived from a stream of a refining process. 
     
     
         18 . The base stock composition of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock composition comprises less than 100 ppm (parts per million) oxygen, wherein the base stock composition comprises than 10 ppm (parts per million) sulfur, and wherein base stock composition comprises less than 100 ppm (parts per million) nitrogen. 
     
     
         19 . (canceled) 
     
     
         20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A base stock composition comprising:
 a naphthene component in an amount of about 15 wt. % to about 30 wt. % based on a total weight of the base stock composition, wherein the naphthene component comprises a naphthene ring comprising two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the naphthene ring, wherein the naphthene component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C30; and   a branched paraffinic component in an amount of about 70 wt. % to about 85 wt. % based on a total weight of the base stock composition, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises a paraffinic backbone with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the paraffinic backbone, wherein the branched paraffinic component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C34,   wherein the base stock composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of about 3.8 to about 4.3 cSt as measured by ASTM D 445-01,   wherein the base stock composition has a viscosity index above 120 as measured by ASTM D2270-93, and   wherein the base stock composition has a Noack volatility is less than about 12% as measured by ASTM D5800.   
     
     
         22 . The base stock composition of  claim 21 , wherein the naphthene component, the branched paraffinic component, or both, are at least partially derived from dimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22. 
     
     
         23 . A lubricating oil composition comprising:
 a base stock; and   an additive,   wherein the base stock comprises:
 a naphthene component, wherein the naphthene component comprises a naphthene ring comprising two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the naphthene ring, wherein the naphthene component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C34; and 
 a branched paraffinic component, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises a paraffinic backbone with a carbon number in a range of C14 to C22, wherein the branched paraffinic component comprises two or more paraffinic branches covalently bonded to the paraffinic backbone, and wherein the branched paraffinic component has a carbon number in a range of C28 to C36. 
   
     
     
         24 . The lubricating oil composition of  claim 23 , wherein the additive is an anti-wear additive, a viscosity modifier, an antioxidant, a detergent, a pour point depressant, a corrosion inhibitor, a metal deactivator, a seal compatibility additive, an anti-foam agent, an inhibitor, an anti-rust additive, or any combination thereof and wherein the lubricating oil composition is suitable for use as an automotive crank case lubricant, an automotive gear oil, a transmission oil, a circulation lubricant, a gear lubricant, a grease, a compressor oil, a pump oil, a hydraulic lubricant, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         25 . The lubricating oil composition of  claim 23 , further comprising at least one additional base stock, wherein the at least one additional base stock is a group I base stock, group II base stock, group III base stock, group IV base stock, group V base stock, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         26 . The lubricating oil composition of  claim 23 , wherein the lubricating oil composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of about 3.8 to about 4.3 cSt as measured by ASTM D 445-01, wherein the base stock composition has a viscosity index above 120 as measured by ASTM D2270-93, and wherein the base stock composition has a Noack volatility is less than about 12% as measured by ASTM D5800. 
     
     
         27 .- 30 . (canceled)