System for Forming Ventilated Crawl Spaces or Interspaces or Elevated Platforms Composed by Dome-Shaped Formwork Elements Supported on Supporting Tubes Resting on a Foundation or on a Surface

Abstract

A system for forming ventilated crawl spaces or interspaces or elevated platforms which comprise dome-shaped formwork elements supported on supporting tubes; the ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform comprises first, second and third interconnection elements, which communicate with a lower end of the supporting tubes, which are adapted to form a channeled receptacle, which rests on a foundation or surface, for reinforcements; such channeled receptacle is adapted to receive a concrete casting to form a connecting beam between the supporting tubes.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A system for forming ventilated crawl spaces or interspaces or elevated platforms which comprise dome-shaped formwork elements supported on supporting tubes, wherein said ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform comprises first, second and third interconnection means, which communicate with a lower end of said supporting tubes, which are adapted to form a channeled receptacle, which rests on a foundation or on a surface, for reinforcements and is adapted to receive a concrete casting to form a connecting beam between said supporting tubes. 
     
     
         2 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein said first interconnection means, associable with the lower end of said supporting tubes and communicating with said supporting tubes, are constituted by feet which have a pedestal, substantially circular in plan, from which a hollow and substantially cylindrical body protrudes axially, on which four first openings are provided diametrically, said pedestal being blended with said body by means of reinforcement ribs which act in regions adjacent to said first openings. 
     
     
         3 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein a center distance provided between two of said first interconnection means, which are mutually contiguous, with which said second and third interconnection means are associated, corresponds to a center distance between the overlying formwork elements supported by said supporting tubes the lower ends of which are interconnected to said first interconnection means, said supporting tubes being perfectly vertical. 
     
     
         4 . The system according to  claim 2 , wherein on said pedestal there are first appendages, either of the quick-coupling type and thus substantially cylindrical in shape with elastically-compressible axial splits or constituted by a pair of ridges which protrude in a region interposed between two of said ribs at each of said first openings, second appendages protruding from the portion of said pedestal that is within said body and lying at a same radius that passes through said first appendages. 
     
     
         5 . The system according to  claim 4 , wherein an upper end of said body, having a circular shape, is constituted by four distinct annular elements, a second opening adapted to permit the placement of at least one rebar being defined between each of said two annular elements that are mutually adjacent. 
     
     
         6 . The system according to  claim 5 , wherein said four distinct annular elements are arranged along a circular arc defined by two radii passing through a midpoint of each of said first openings, said second opening lying on a diametrical plane that passes through two of said first appendages, third appendages protruding upward from each of said annular elements, an outside diameter of said annular elements being substantially equal to an inside diameter of said supporting tubes. 
     
     
         7 . The system according to  claim 6 , wherein said first openings can be closed, in particular on a side of said feet that are not connected to other feet, as in the case of feet placed on the outside perimeter of said ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform, by means of partitions which are constituted by a front wall, which is arced and shaped complementarily to said first openings and from a lower end of which a wing protrudes at right angles which is shaped like a circular sector and is adapted to be positioned inside said body, a first hole being provided in each wing and being arrangeable on one of said second appendages, a first raised portion protruding externally from said front wall of each of said partitions, starting from an upper end, and being substantially parallelepipedal in shape, arranged axially and in a central region of said front wall, said lower end of one of said overlying supporting tubes being able to rest on said first raised portion once one of said feet has been installed and one of said partitions has been associated with it. 
     
     
         8 . The system according to  claim 7 , wherein said first raised portion has a pair of tabs which protrude transversely from the first raised portion and are arranged, once one of said feet has been installed and one of said partitions has been associated with it, below said second opening, so as to interact with said body of said foot and improve the grip of said partition. 
     
     
         9 . The system according to  claim 6 , wherein said second interconnection means, which are associable with each of said feet, are constituted by lower half-tunnels which are, in a transverse cross-section, substantially U-shaped so as to define a first end face from which a pair of first wings extends, a length of said lower half-tunnels being determined as a function of dimensions of remaining components of said ventilated crawl space while a width and a height of said lower half-tunnels is such as to allow their placement in an interspace defined by said first opening, so that said first end face rests on said pedestal and said first wings rest on said ribs, fourth appendages protruding from said first end face at right angles, proximate to the lateral ends, and being axially perforated, substantially cylindrical, and of a chosen height. 
     
     
         10 . The system according to  claim 9 , wherein once one of said lower half-tunnels has been installed, said fourth appendages accommodate one of said first appendages in order to determine a stable connection with said foot, first engagement means being associated with an outer lateral surface of each of said first wings and being located proximate to a longitudinal perimetric edge of said first wings and being constituted by T-shaped mushroom-like members a stalk of which protrudes at right angles from said outer lateral surface and the head of which is arranged approximately parallel to said outer lateral surface, said mushroom-like members being in a chosen number and being arranged in pairs along a same axis which is transverse to said lower half-tunnel; each pair being arranged at a chosen distance from the other, first reinforcement ridges being present outside each of said lower half-tunnels, for part of their length, and being arranged parallel to each other and transversely to said lower half-tunnel, which, once installed, rests on a foundation or surface, said head being capable of being slightly axially offset, in a direction of inclined portions, with respect to said stalk, a clearance being present between said feet and said lower half-tunnel since said fourth appendages have an inside diameter that is greater than the outside diameter of said first appendages. 
     
     
         11 . The system according to  claim 10 , wherein said first wings have, at one of said lateral terminal ends, one of said inclined portions adapted to facilitate an insertion of third interconnection means. 
     
     
         12 . The system according to  claim 10 , wherein said third interconnection means, associable with each of said feet, are constituted by upper half-tunnels which are, in a transverse cross-section, substantially U-shaped so as to define a second end face or cover from which a pair of second wings extends, a length of said upper half-tunnels being determined as a function of dimensions of remaining components of said ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform and being substantially equal to the length of said lower half-tunnels, second engagement means being associated with an outer lateral surface of each of said second wings and being located proximate to a longitudinal perimetric edge of said second wings, said second engagement means being constituted by L-shaped hooks which protrude beyond a longitudinal perimetric edge of said second wings and a free end of each of which is directed and oriented toward a same end of the two lateral ends of each of said upper half-tunnels. 
     
     
         13 . The system according to  claim 12 , wherein a distance between two of said mutually adjacent pairs of hooks is such as to allow, during laying, an overlapping, on the respective longitudinal perimetric edges of said first and second wings, of said lower half-tunnels and upper half-tunnels so that said hooks are positioned alongside said mushroom-like members with said free ends placed below said heads. 
     
     
         14 . The system according to  claim 13 , wherein as a result of an axial displacement of said upper half-tunnel with respect to said lower half-tunnel, the displacement and engagement of said free end of each of said hooks with one of said heads is achieved, allowing a mutual and stable coupling of said upper and lower half-tunnels to each other. 
     
     
         15 . The system according to  claim 14 , wherein outside each of said upper half-tunnels there are, for part of length thereof, second reinforcement ridges arranged parallel to each other and transversely to said upper half-tunnel. 
     
     
         16 . The system according to  claim 12 , wherein second raised portions are present at each of said lateral ends and protrude axially and outside said second end face or cover and are substantially parallelepipedal in shape and of suitable length, said second raised portions having dimensions such that they can be positioned and accommodated in said second openings present in said feet so that when said supporting tube is installed, it rests with its lower end on said second raised portion proper. 
     
     
         17 . The system according to  claim 16 , wherein a width and a height of said upper half-tunnels is such as to allow placement thereof in an interspace defined by said first opening, and wherein once it is associated with said lower half-tunnel, a lower end of one of said supporting tubes rests on said second raised portions. 
     
     
         18 . The system according to  claim 12 , wherein said first, second and third interconnection means, once installed and therefore associated with said lower end of said supporting tubes and with said foot, form a channeled receptacle which communicates between the upper ends of said supporting tubes with which the dome-shaped formwork elements that constitute the ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform are associated, each of said channeled receptacles extending within each one of said supporting tubes, within each one of said feet, and within said lower half-tunnel and said upper half-tunnel, once they are coupled to each other. 
     
     
         19 . The system according to  claim 18 , wherein rebars are positioned within each of said channeled receptacles, in number and with dimensions correlated to the dimensions of said ventilated crawl space or interspace or elevated platform, said rebars being substantially L-shaped so as to define a reinforcement which is adapted to receive a concrete casting in order to form a connecting beam between said channeled receptacle and said supporting tubes. 
     
     
         20 . A method for installing ventilated crawl spaces or elevated platforms in general according to  claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
 laying first interconnection means, provided by feet, on a foundation or surface,   one lower half-tunnels is placed between two of said feet which are adjacent, placing lateral ends thereof at first openings,   positioning rebars inside said feet and inside a lower half-tunnel,   inserting in the first opening one of lateral ends of an upper half-tunnel, taking care to tilt said upper half-tunnel so that a lateral end thereof rests on an inclined portion of said lower half-tunnel,   pushing said upper half-tunnel inside the foot, rotating it until it is positioned at an underlying lower half-tunnel, in this condition hooks being laterally adjacent to mushroom-like members,   moving said upper half-tunnel axially toward said foot that is not yet engaged, so achieving mutual coupling between said hooks and said mushroom-like members as well as a positioning of raised portions at second openings provided on said feet,   mutually fixing said lower half-tunnel and said upper half-tunnel in a manner that is stable and resistant to the pressures that will occur during the final pouring of the fluid concrete,   placing said supporting tubes at appendages of said feet until their lower end rests on annular elements, and then associating upper ends of said supporting tubes with said dome-shaped formwork elements,   prior to the insertion of supporting tubes onto said appendages of said feet, unaffected first openings of said second and third interconnection means being closed by means of partitions which, if necessary, are inserted from above and from the inside of said feet, where the partitions are guided into a correct position for closing said opening by virtue of a shape structure of an arced front wall thereof and the presence of a wing shaped like a circular sector which is positioned within said body, and the presence of a first raised portion having a pair of tabs which are arranged, once one of said feet is installed and one of said partitions is associated with it, below said second opening, and the presence of said second appendages, which protrude from said pedestal and on which first holes provided in said wing of said partition are positioned,   pouring concrete into said channeled receptacle.   
     
     
         21 . Ventilated crawl spaces or interspaces or elevated platforms, comprising first, second and third interconnection means, which communicate with a lower end of supporting tubes, which are adapted to form a channeled receptacle, which rests on a foundation or on a surface, for reinforcements and is adapted to receive a concrete casting to form a connecting beam between said supporting tubes.