Oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material on a substrate

Abstract

The present invention provides an oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material, which includes a uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell and a core encapsulated within the uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell. This invention exhibits ultrahigh HER performance, a critical reaction in water splitting, making it suitable for application in hydrogen production industries, battery companies, new energy vehicle enterprises, and large power stations.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material on a substrate, comprising a uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell and a core encapsulated within the uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell, wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material has an intrinsic crystal-amorphous dual-phased structure, and wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material exhibits an overpotential of 10 to 25 mV vs RHE at 10 mA cm −2 . 
     
     
         2 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell is made from a high-entropy amorphous alloy comprising AlZnTiZrSiCuNi-containing alloy, FeCoNiMoPB-containing alloy. 
     
     
         3 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the core is made from at least one transition metal comprising palladium, platinum, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, gold, silver, or non-noble metal of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, and even NiMo, NiW binary alloy. 
     
     
         4 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the core is 1-10 nm in diameter and the uniform oxygen-enriched amorphous shell has a thickness of approximately 1-5 nm. 
     
     
         5 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material contains 20-30 at % of Pd, 10-50 at % of O, 1-5 at % of Al, 5-20 at % of Si, 5-20 at % of Ti, 5-20 at % of Ni, 5-20 at % of Cu, 1-15 at % of Zn, and 5-20 at % of Zr. 
     
     
         6 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material contains 10-30 at % of Pt, 10-40 at % of O, 5-20 at % of Fe, 5-20 at % of Co, 5-20 at % of Ni, 1-15 at % of Mo, 1-10 at % of P, and 1-10 at % of B. 
     
     
         7 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises nickel foam, carbon cloth, carbon paper, silicon wafer, titanium sheet, or platinum foil. 
     
     
         8 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the crystal phase has a face-centred cubic structure and the amorphous phase has a typical diffused-ring structure. 
     
     
         9 . The oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 , wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material demonstrates a stability in a 100-hour long-term test at a current density of 20 mA cm −2  in a three-electrode system and can operate steadily for 1000 h at a current density of 500 mA cm −2  in a flow-type membrane exchange assembly alkaline water electrocatalysis cell. 
     
     
         10 . A water splitting electrode made from the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         11 . A method for fabricating an oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material, comprising co-sputtering a crystal metal target and a high-entropy amorphous alloy target on a substrate by industrial magnetron sputtering, and wherein oxygen gas is introduced during the magnetron sputtering process. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein crystal metal target is selected from one or more noble metal of palladium, platinum, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, gold, silver, or non-noble metal of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, and even NiMo, NiW binary alloy. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the oxygen gas has a flow velocity ranging from approximately 0.01 sccm to 50 sccm. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the high-entropy amorphous alloy target is a multi-component alloy comprising AlZnTiZrSiCuNi-containing alloy, FeCoNiMoPB-containing alloy. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material contains 20-30 at % of Pd, 10-50 at % of O, 1-5 at % of Al, 5-20 at % of Si, 5-20 at % of Ti, 5-20 at % of Ni, 5-20 at % of Cu, 1-15 at % of Zn, and 5-20 at % of Zr. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the oxygen-dominated supra-nano dual-phase catalytic reaction material contains 10-30 at % of Pt, 10-40 at % of O, 5-20 at % of Fe, 5-20 at % of Co, 5-20 at % of Ni, 1-15 at % of Mo, 1-10 at % of P, and 1-10 at % of B. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the industrial magnetron sputtering adopts a sputtering temperature at approximately 0.1 to 200° C. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 11 , further comprising applying different power to the crystal metal target and the high-entropy amorphous alloy target. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the substrate has a rotation speed in the range from 0.1 rpm to 20 rpm during sputtering.