Subsurface condition detection using tube waves in a multi-well system

Abstract

Techniques for determining subsurface conditions in a multi-well system may include detecting, at time t1, a tube wave at a first well system of the multi-well system. The techniques may further include detecting, at time t2, the tube wave at a second well system of the multi-well system. The techniques may further include determining a time differential td between t1 and t2. The techniques may further include determining, based at least in part on td, that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via a formation.

1 . A method for determining subsurface conditions in a multi-well system, the method comprising:
 detecting, at time t 1 , a tube wave at a first well system of the multi-well system;   detecting, at time t 2 , the tube wave at a second well system of the multi-well system;   determining a time differential t d  between t 1  and t 2 ; and   determining, based at least in part on t d , that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via a formation.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 determining a shortest distance length between a first wellbore of the first well system and a second wellbore of the second well system;   determining a fracture length of a fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore; and   determining, based at least in part on the shortest distance length and the fracture length, a complexity of the fracture.   
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein said determining the fracture length of the fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore comprises:
 determining a first travel time of the tube wave in the first well system;   determining a second travel time of the tube wave in the second well system; and   determining, based at least in part on ta, the first travel time, and the second travel time, a third travel time of the tube wave in the formation.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein said determining the complexity of the fracture comprises determining a ratio of the fracture length to the shortest distance length. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein determining that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via the formation comprises determining that t d  is greater than a threshold. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising in response to said determining that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via the formation, determining, by a machine learning module, one or more downhole operations performable to meet a pre-determined objective. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , further comprising performing the one or more downhole operations. 
     
     
         8 . A multi-well system comprising:
 a computing system comprising:
 one or more processors; and 
 one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums including instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to determine subsurface conditions in the multi-well system, the instructions including:
 instructions to detect a tube wave at a first well system of the multi-well system, wherein a time of detection is t 1 ; 
 instructions to detect the tube wave at a second well system of the multi-well system wherein a time of detection is t 2 ; 
 instructions to determine a time differential t d  between t 1  and t 2 ; and 
 instructions to determine, based at least in part on t d , that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via a formation. 
 
   
     
     
         9 . The multi-well system of  claim 8 , the instructions further including:
 instructions to determine a shortest distance length between a first wellbore of the first well system and a second wellbore of the second well system;   instructions to determine a fracture length of a fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on the shortest distance length and the fracture length, a complexity of the fracture.   
     
     
         10 . The multi-well system of  claim 9 , wherein the instructions to determine the fracture length of the fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore includes:
 instructions to determine a first travel time of the tube wave in the first well system;   instructions to determine a second travel time of the tube wave in the second well system; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on t d , the first travel time, and the second travel time, a third travel time of the tube wave in the formation.   
     
     
         11 . The multi-well system of  claim 9 , wherein said instructions to determine the complexity of the fracture includes instructions to determine a ratio of the fracture length to the shortest distance length. 
     
     
         12 . The multi-well system of  claim 8 , wherein the instructions further include instructions to determine, in response to a determination that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via the formation, one or more downhole operations performable to meet a pre-determined objective, wherein the determination of the one or more downhole operations is made by a machine learning module. 
     
     
         13 . The multi-well system of  claim 12 , further comprising:
 the first well system;   the second well system; and   wherein said instructions further include instructions to execute the one or more downhole operations on at least one of the first well system or the second well system.   
     
     
         14 . One or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums including instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to determine subsurface conditions in a multi-well system, the instructions comprising:
 instructions to detect a first tube wave at a first well system of the multi-well system, wherein a time of detection is t 1 ;   instructions to detect the first tube wave at a second well system of the multi-well system, wherein a time of detection is t 2 ;   instructions to determine a first time differential t d1  between t 1  and t 2 ; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on t d1 , that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via a formation.   
     
     
         15 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 14 , the instructions further including:
 instructions to determine a shortest distance length between a first wellbore of the first well system and a second wellbore of the second well system;   instructions to determine a fracture length of a fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on the shortest distance length and the fracture length, a complexity of the fracture.   
     
     
         16 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 15 , wherein the instructions to determine the fracture length of the fracture between the first wellbore and the second wellbore includes:
 instructions to determine a first travel time of the first tube wave in the first well system;   instructions to determine a second travel time of the first tube wave in the second well system; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on t d1 , the first travel time, and the second travel time, a third travel time of the first tube wave in the formation.   
     
     
         17 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 15 , wherein the instructions to determine the complexity of the fracture includes instructions to determine a ratio of the fracture length to the shortest distance length. 
     
     
         18 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 15 , wherein the instructions further include instructions to determine, in response to a determination that the first well system and the second well system are in fluid communication via the formation, one or more downhole operations performable to meet a pre-determined objective, wherein the determination of the one or more downhole operations is made by a machine learning module. 
     
     
         19 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 18 , wherein the instructions further include:
 instructions to execute the one or more downhole operations on at least one of the first well system or the second well system;   instructions to generate a second tube wave in at least one of the first well system or the second well system;   instructions to detect the second tube wave at the first well system of the multi-well system, wherein the time of detection is t 3 ;   instructions to detect the second tube wave at the second well system of the multi-well system, wherein the time of detection is t 4 ;   instructions to determine a time differential t d2  between t 3  and t 4 ; and   instructions to determine, based at least in part on t d2 , whether the one or more downhole operations were successful.   
     
     
         20 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums of  claim 18 , wherein the instructions further include:
 instructions to generate training data comprising a set of sample data, wherein each sample data of the set of sample data comprises at least one previously generated tube wave signal, a set of one or more well system operations, and one or more indications of operational impacts of the one or more well system operations; and   instructions to train the machine learning module based, at least in part, on the training data.