Solid electrolytes and methods for making the same

Abstract

In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, the disclosure, in one aspect, relates to solid chalcohalide electrolytes and the efficient synthesis of solid chalcohalide electrolytes. The electrolytes have the general formula A a M b N c X d Y e S f and have relatively high ionic conductivity. The electrolytes can be a component of different types of batteries. The process of synthesizing the electrolytes can be done with cost-effective materials, which is useful for scaling-up production of batteries such as all-solid-state batteries.

1 . A compound having the formula A a M b N c X d Y e S f , wherein
 A is Li, Na, K, or any combination thereof;   M is Al, Ga, In, or any combination thereof;   N is Mg, Ca, Zn, or any combination thereof;   X and Y are, independently, F, Cl, Br, or I;   S is sulfur;   a is from about 1 to about 4;   b is from about 0.5 to about 5.0;   c is greater than 0 to about 1.5;   d is from about 1 to about 5;   e is greater than or equal to 0 to about 3;   f is greater than 0 to about 3; and   the sum (a+3b+2c) is equal to the sum (d+e+2f).   
     
     
         2 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein A is Li or Na, M is Al, and X is Cl. 
     
     
         3 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein A is Li, M is Al and Ga, X is Cl, and Y is F. 
     
     
         4 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein the compound has the formula Li a Al b N c Cl d S f , wherein N is Ca or Zn. 
     
     
         5 . The compound of  claim 4 , wherein a is from about 1 or to about 2, b is from about 0.5 to about 1.0, c is from about 0.1 to about 1.0, d is from about 2 to about 4, and f is from about 1 to about 3. 
     
     
         6 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein the compound has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 23.5° and 38.9°±0.2° 2θ as measured by X-ray powder diffraction using an X-ray wavelength of 0.24 Å. 
     
     
         7 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein the compound has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 28.4° and 40.6°±0.2° 2θ as measured by X-ray powder diffraction using an X-ray wavelength of 0.24 Å. 
     
     
         8 . The compound of  claim 1 , wherein the compound has a capacity of about 150 mAh/g to about 200 mAh/g at a discharge rate of 2 C. 
     
     
         9 . A compound having the formula A a M b N c X d Y e S f , wherein
 A is Li, Na, K, or any combination thereof;   M is Al, Ga, In, or any combination thereof;   N is Mg, Ca, Zn, or any combination thereof;   X and Y are, independently, F, Cl, Br, or I;   S is sulfur;   a is from about 1 to about 4;   b is from about 0.5 to about 5.0;   c is greater than 0 to about 1.5;   d is from about 1 to about 5;   e is greater than or equal to 0 to about 3;   f is greater than 0 to about 3; and   the sum (a+3b+2c) is equal to the sum (d+e+2f),   wherein the compound is produced by the method comprising:   mixing in the solid state the following components: (i) A 2 S; (ii) AX, AY, or a combination thereof; (iii) MX 3 , MY 3 , or a combination thereof; and (iv) NX 2 , NY 2 , or a combination thereof to produce a first mixture.   
     
     
         10 . A battery comprising the compound of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         11 . A battery comprising the compound of  claim 9 .