Composition with fatty acid derivatives and use in industrial processes

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions including fatty acid derivatives and methods using the compositions as dispersants, antifoulants, or both. The compositions can be used to prevent or reduce polymer formation and polymer deposition in equipment used in petrochemical processes. The fatty acid derivative compositions are prepared from fatty acid preparations have low amounts of, or no, resin acids and glycerol, and also have low amounts of C16:0- and C18:0-fatty acids, and high total amounts of C18 partially unsaturated fatty acids, and/or the fatty acid derivative compositions are prepared from soy fatty acids and/or canola fatty acids. The fatty acid derivative can be used in compositions and methods to control unwanted polymerization, unwanted corrosion, and/or unwanted settling of particulate materials during industrial processes. Also, compositions of the disclosure have the additional benefit of prolonged storage stability.

1 . An antifoulant, antioxidant, or/and dispersant composition comprising
 a mixture of fatty acid derivatives, wherein the fatty acid derivatives comprise fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, or both and wherein   (i) C16:0- and C18:0-fatty acid derivatives are present in an amount of less than 15% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives,   (ii) C18:1-, C18:2-, and C18:3-fatty acid derivatives are present in the mixture, and the amount of C18:3-fatty acid derivatives is less than 15% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives, or   (iii) both (i) and (ii), and
 wherein the composition has less than 2% (wt of total fatty acid derivatives) of amide or ester derivatives of resin acid and less than 5% (wt of total fatty acid derivatives) of glycerol. 
   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the C18:1-, C18:2-, and C18:3-fatty acid derivatives are present in the mixture in a combined amount in the range of 60%-97.5% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein C18:1-fatty acid derivatives are present in the mixture in an amount the range of: 25%-75% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the C18:2-fatty acid derivatives are present in an amount in the range of 20% (wt)-99% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , having a weight ratio of C18:1-fatty acid derivatives to C18:2-fatty acid derivatives of less than 1.3:1. 
     
     
         6 . (canceled) 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the C16:0- and C18:0-fatty acid derivatives are present in a combined amount of not more than 6% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives. 
     
     
         8 . An antifoulant, antioxidant, or/and dispersant composition comprising
 a mixture of fatty acid derivatives, wherein the fatty acid derivatives comprise fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, or both and wherein the fatty acid derivatives are prepared from a soybean oil fatty acid preparation, a canola oil fatty acid preparation, or a mixture thereof, and   wherein the composition has less than 2% (wt of total fatty acid derivatives) of amide or ester derivatives of resin acid and less than 5% (wt of total fatty acid derivatives) of glycerol.   
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the fatty acid derivatives comprise a mixture of the soybean oil fatty acid preparation and the canola oil fatty acid preparation. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the fatty acid esters and the fatty acid amides are present in a weight ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5, respectively; or   the fatty acid ester is present in an amount in the range of about 20% (wt) to about 77.5% (wt), and the fatty acid amide is present in an amount in the range of about 5% (wt) to about 22% (wt).   
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition has
 (a) amide or ester derivatives of rosin acid in an amount of less than 1% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives;   (b) glycerol in an amount of less than 4% (wt) of total fatty acid derivatives; or   any combination of (a) and (b).   
     
     
         12 . (canceled) 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 8  wherein
 (a) the fatty acid amide comprises (ai) a hydrocarbon portion comprising 16 or more carbon groups, (aii) an amide group, and (aiii) a heteroatom portion comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; 
 (b) the fatty acid ester comprises (bi) a hydrocarbon portion comprising 16 or more carbon groups, (bii) an ester group, and (biii) a heteroatom portion comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S; or 
 (c) both (a) and (b). 
 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 13  wherein the heteroatom portion in the fatty acid amide or the fatty acid ester has a carbon to heteroatom ratio of 4:1 or less. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 8  wherein the fatty acid derivatives comprise a mixture of fatty acid amides and fatty acid esters. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 15  wherein the fatty acid esters are present in an amount by weight that is greater than the fatty acid amides. 
     
     
         17 . (canceled) 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 16  wherein the fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides are present at a weight ratio in the range of 7.5:1 to 1.5:1. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 8  wherein the fatty acid amide or the fatty acid ester is formed by reacting fatty acid with one or more of an amine group-containing reactant, hydroxy-group-containing reactant, or thiol group-containing reactant with a fatty acid composition comprising:
 (i) C16:0- and C18:0-fatty acids present in an amount of less than 15% (wt) of total fatty acids derivatives, 
 (ii) C18:1-, C18:2-, and C18:3-fatty acids are present in the composition, and the amount of C18:3-fatty acids is less than 15% (wt) of total fatty acids, or 
 (iii) both (i) and (ii)
 wherein the fatty acid composition has less than 2% (wt) of resin acids of total fatty acids and less than 0.1% (wt) of glycerol of total fatty acids. 
 
 
     
     
         20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 19  wherein:
 the amine group-containing reactant is selected from linear and branched polyalkylene polyamines, aminated polyoxyalkylenes, and heterocyclic amines, 
 the hydroxy group containing reactant is selected from hydroxylated polyakyleneimines, polyoxyalkylenes, alcohol amines, and polyols, and 
 the thiol group-containing reactant comprises thiolated polyakyleneimines and thiolamines. 
 
     
     
         22 .- 39 . (canceled) 
     
     
         40 . A method for reducing or preventing fouling of process equipment or reducing or preventing corrosion of process equipment comprising
 introducing a composition of  claim 1  to the processing equipment, wherein the composition reduces or prevents fouling or corrosion of the process equipment.   
     
     
         41 .- 51 . (canceled)