Systeme de determination d'une quantite d'emissions de dioxyde de carbone resultant de l'echauffement d'un conducteur electrique d'un cable electrique par effet joule

Abstract

A system for determining a quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of an electrical conductor of an electric cable by the Joule effect, said determination system includes an electrical cable including at least one electrical conductor and at least one layer of material surrounding said at least one conductor, a measuring unit associated with the electrical cable, said measuring unit including at least one temperature sensor, a calculation unit being configured to communicate information with the measurement unit, the calculation unit being configured to determine the conductor temperature Θcond by means of said at least one temperature sensor, said calculation unit being further configured to determine an quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of the electrical conductor by the Joule effect as a function of the conductor temperature Θcond.

1 . A system for determination of a quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of an electrical conductor of an electrical cable by the Joule effect, said determination system comprising:
 an electrical cable comprising at least one electrical conductor and at least one layer of material surrounding said at least one conductor,   a measuring unit associated with the electrical cable, said measuring unit comprising at least one temperature sensor,   a calculation unit being configured to communicate information with the measurement unit, the calculation unit being configured to determine the conductor temperature Θ cond  by means of said at least one temperature sensor, said calculation unit being further configured to determine an quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of the electrical conductor by the Joule effect as a function of the conductor temperature Θ cond .   
     
     
         2 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein the calculation unit is configured to determine an electrical intensity I cond  of the electrical conductor as a function of the conductor temperature Θ cond . 
     
     
         3 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein the calculation unit is configured to determine an electrical resistance R c  of the electrical conductor as a function of the conductor temperature Θ cond . 
     
     
         4 . The system according to  claim 3 , wherein the calculation unit is configured to determine a power loss P o L as a function of the electrical intensity I cond  in the electrical conductor and the electrical resistance R c  of the electrical conductor, the calculation unit being configured to determine the amount of emissions of carbon dioxide as a function of said power loss P o L. 
     
     
         5 . The system according to  claim 1 , further comprising a measurement module mounted on the electrical cable, said measurement module comprising at least said at least one temperature sensor. 
     
     
         6 . The system according to  claim 5 , wherein the measurement module further comprises the calculation unit. 
     
     
         7 . The system according to  claim 5 , wherein the measurement module is configured to be removably mounted on the electrical cable. 
     
     
         8 . The system according to  claim 7 , wherein the measurement module comprises a device for fixing it to the electrical cable. 
     
     
         9 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one temperature sensor comprises a temperature sensor that is disposed on an external surface of said at least one layer of material to measure a peripheral temperature Θ b1  at the level of the external surface of said at least one layer of material, the calculation unit being configured to determine the conductor temperature Θ cond  as a function of the peripheral temperature Θ b1 . 
     
     
         10 . The system according to  claim 9 , further comprising:
 an additional layer of material disposed around said at least one layer of material and covering said at least one temperature sensor,   at least one additional temperature sensor disposed on an external surface of said layer of additional material to measure an additional peripheral temperature Θ b2  at the level of the external surface of said at least one additional layer of material.   
     
     
         11 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein the calculation unit is configured to determine the conductor temperature Θ cond  as a function of the peripheral temperature Θ b1  and the additional peripheral temperature Θ b2 . 
     
     
         12 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein the calculation unit is configured to determine the electrical intensity I cond  as a function of the conductor temperature Θ cond  and the conductor geometry. 
     
     
         13 . The system according to  claim 10 , wherein said at least one additional layer of material comprises:
 a first additional layer portion having a first additional thermal resistance T b , and   a second additional layer portion having a second additional thermal resistance T′ b , the first T b  and second T′ b  additional thermal resistances being different,   and in which said at least one additional temperature sensor comprises:
 at least one first additional temperature sensor disposed on an external surface of the first additional layer portion to measure a first additional peripheral temperature Θ b2 , 
 at least one second additional temperature sensor disposed on an external surface of the second additional layer portion to measure a second additional peripheral temperature Θ′ b2 , 
   the determination unit being configured to determine the conductor temperature Θ cond  as a function of the first T b  and the second T′ b  additional thermal resistances as well as the first Θ b2  and the second Θ′ b2  additional peripheral temperatures.   
     
     
         14 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one first and at least one second additional layers are disposed on different angular sectors around the electrical conductor. 
     
     
         15 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one temperature sensor comprises:
 at least one first sensor disposed on the external surface of said at least one layer of material, between said external surface and the first additional layer portion, to measure a peripheral temperature Θ b1  at the level of the external surface of said at least one layer of material,   at least one second sensor disposed on the external surface of said at least one layer of material, between said external surface and the second additional layer portion, to measure a peripheral temperature Θ′ b1  at the level of the external surface of said at least one layer of material.   
     
     
         16 . The system according to  claim 1 , wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the conductor temperature Θ cond  on the basis of the following equation: 
       
         
           
             
               
                 θ 
                 conductor 
               
               = 
               
                 
                   
                     ( 
                     
                       
                         
                           θ 
                           
                             b 
                             ⁢ 
                             1 
                           
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           T 
                           b 
                         
                       
                       - 
                       
                         
                           θ 
                           
                             b 
                             ⁢ 
                             1 
                           
                           ′ 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           T 
                           b 
                           ′ 
                         
                       
                     
                     ) 
                   
                   × 
                   
                     ( 
                     
                       ( 
                       
                         
                           θ 
                           
                             b 
                             ⁢ 
                             1 
                           
                         
                         - 
                         
                           θ 
                           
                             b 
                             ⁢ 
                             2 
                           
                         
                       
                       ) 
                     
                     ) 
                   
                 
                 
                   
                     
                       T 
                       b 
                     
                     ( 
                     
                       
                         θ 
                         
                           b 
                           ⁢ 
                           1 
                         
                         ′ 
                       
                       - 
                       
                         θ 
                         
                           b 
                           ⁢ 
                           2 
                         
                         ′ 
                       
                     
                     ) 
                   
                   - 
                   
                     
                       T 
                       b 
                       ′ 
                     
                     ( 
                     
                       
                         θ 
                         
                           b 
                           ⁢ 
                           1 
                         
                       
                       - 
                       
                         θ 
                         
                           b 
                           ⁢ 
                           2 
                         
                       
                     
                     ) 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
         T b  being the first additional thermal resistance of the first additional layer of material, 
         T′ b  being the second additional thermal resistance of the second additional layer of material, 
         Θ b1  is the peripheral temperature measured by said at least one first temperature sensor, 
         Θ b2  is the additional peripheral temperature measured by said at least one first additional temperature sensor, 
         Θ′ b1  is the peripheral temperature measured by said at least one second temperature sensor, 
         Θ′ b2  is the additional peripheral temperature measured by said at least one second additional temperature sensor. 
       
     
     
         17 . The system according to  claim 12 , wherein the first and second additional layer portions are made of a different material. 
     
     
         18 . The system according to  claim 12 , wherein the first and second additional layer portions have a different thickness, perpendicular to a longitudinal axis along which the electrical cable extends.