Wicking loop cross-plane drainage fabric

Abstract

A geotextile fabric includes a first weft yarn woven in a weft direction and a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn woven in a warp direction, the first warp yarn being a wicking yarn, and the second warp yarn being a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn, the first warp yarn forming a first loop that is woven through and extends from a first face of the woven geosynthetic fabric and across at least two of the first weft yarns to form a first gap between the first loop and first the face of the woven geosynthetic fabric.

1 . A geotextile fabric comprising:
 a first weft yarn woven in a weft direction; and   a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn woven in a warp direction, the first warp yarn being a wicking yarn, and the second warp yarn being a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn, the first warp yarn forming a first loop that is woven through and extends from a first face of the woven geosynthetic fabric and across at least two of the first weft yarns to form a first gap between the first loop and first the face of the woven geosynthetic fabric.   
     
     
         2 . A geotextile fabric comprising:
 a first cross machine direction yarn arranged in at any angle respective to a machine direction; and   a first machine direction yarn and a second machine direction yarn in a machine direction, the first machine direction yarn being a wicking yarn, and the second machine direction yarn being a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn, the first machine direction yarn forming a first loop that is stitched to the geotextile fabric and extends from a first face of the geotextile fabric and across at least two of the first cross machine direction yarns to form a first gap between the first loop and the first face of the geotextile fabric.   
     
     
         3 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein the first gap formed between the first loop and the face of the woven geosynthetic fabric is at least 0.25 millimeters, or about 10 to about 50 millimeters. 
     
     
         4 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first warp yarn forming the first loop is interlaced at a less frequent interval than the second warp yarn;   the first warp yarn also forms a second loop that extends from a second face of the woven geosynthetic fabric and across at least two of the weft yarns to form a second gap between the second loop and the second face of the woven geotextile fabric;   the first loop has a length that is different than the second loop;   or any combination thereof.   
     
     
         5 . The woven geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first warp yarn has a multichannel cross-sectional shape, a multi-lobal cross-sectional shape, a delta cross-sectional shape, a trilobal cross-sectional shape, a pillow cross-sectional shape, or a round cross-sectional shape;   the second warp yarn is a flat monofilament, a round monofilament, an oval monofilament, a fibrillated tape, a non-fibrillated tape, a continuous filament, a spun yarn, or a multichannel yarn;   or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         6 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein, each independently, the first warp yarn, the first weft yarn, and the second weft yarn, comprises:
 a synthetic material, a natural material, or a combination thereof; and optionally,   the synthetic material is a polyolefin, a polyamide, a polyimide, or a combination thereof;   the synthetic material is a polyester;   the natural material is cotton, wool, flax, or a combination thereof;   any combination thereof;   or twisted or entangled in any combination thereof.   
     
     
         7 . The geotextile of  claim 1 , wherein the first weft yarn, the second weft yarn, or both the first weft yarn and the second weft yarn has a multichannel cross-sectional shape, a multilobal cross-sectional shape, a delta cross-sectional shape, a trilobal cross-sectional shape, a pillow cross-sectional shape, or a round cross-sectional shape. 
     
     
         8 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein the first warp yarn is texturized; a bundle of fibers, each fiber with a denier of about 0.1 denier to about 100 denier; or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first weft yarn is a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn;   the second weft yarn is a wicking yarn;   or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         10 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the geotextile further comprises a second weft yarn woven in the weft direction;   a contact angle of a 2-microliter water droplet on the first face of the woven geotextile is less than or equal to 55 degrees after 0.1 microseconds;   the wicking yarn has a breakthrough suction of at least 50 kPa;   or any combination thereof.   
     
     
         11 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the geotextile fabric is sewn into a dewatering bag or geotube; and optionally,   the dewatering bag or geotube comprises rare earth elements, acid mining sludge, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         12 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 11 , wherein:
 the dewatering bag or geotube is arranged on a drainage layer or a drainage gravel layer, and optionally further on a subgrade layer;   a portion of the dewatering bag or geotube is exposed to air;   or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         13 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first cross machine direction yarn is woven, knitted, adhered, stitched, sewn, or laid at the angle with respect to the machine direction. 
     
     
         14 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first cross-machine direction yarn and the second machine direction yarn form a scrim base fabric, and all of the first loops are on the first face of the fabric by a binding yarn. 
     
     
         15 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first machine direction yarn, the second machine direction yarn, or a combination thereof has a multichannel cross-sectional shape, a multi-lobal cross-sectional shape, a delta cross-sectional shape, a trilobal cross-sectional shape, a pillow cross-sectional shape, or a round cross-sectional shape. 
     
     
         16 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first machine direction yarn, the second machine direction yarn, and the first cross machine direction yarn, each independently, comprises a synthetic material, a natural material, or a combination thereof;
 and optionally, one or more of the following,   the synthetic material is a polyolefin, a polyamide, a polyimide, or a combination thereof;   the synthetic material is a polyester; and   the natural material is cotton, wool, flax, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         17 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first machine direction yarn is texturized; a bundle of fibers, each fiber with a denier of about 0.1 denier to about 100 denier; or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , wherein the first cross machine direction yarn is a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn; the second cross machine direction yarn is a wicking yarn; or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         19 . The geotextile fabric of  claim 2 , further comprising a second cross-machine direction yarn woven in the cross-machine direction. 
     
     
         20 . A method of moving water through a geotextile fabric, the method comprising:
 providing a geotextile fabric on a first soil layer or a drainage layer, the geotextile fabric comprising a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn woven in a warp direction, the first warp yarn being a wicking yarn, and the second warp yarn being a wicking yarn or a non-wicking yarn, the first warp yarn forming a first loop that is woven through and extends from a first face of the woven geosynthetic fabric and across at least two of the first weft yarns to form a first gap between the first loop and first the face of the woven geosynthetic fabric; and   using the alternating loops in the geotextile fabric to move water from the first soil layer to a second soil or a second drainage layer.   
     
     
         21 - 62 . (canceled)