Puzzle with magnetic system

Abstract

A puzzle with a magnetic system including eight spherical elements of the same diameter, containing magnets near their surfaces and connected to each other by magnetic attraction, wherein the spherical elements form a cubic structure with their centers arranged in a 2×2×2 matrix, wherein each sphere is configured to rotate in three mutually orthogonal directions.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . (canceled) 
     
     
         2 . (canceled) 
     
     
         3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . (canceled) 
     
     
         5 . A puzzle with a magnetic system comprising:
 eight spherical elements of the same diameter, containing magnets near their surfaces and connected to each other by magnetic attraction, wherein the spherical elements form a cubic structure with their centers arranged in a 2×2×2 matrix, wherein each sphere is configured to rotate in three mutually orthogonal directions.   
     
     
         6 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein each spherical element is a ball made of solid, homogeneous, non-magnetic material and contains a magnetic system composed of permanent magnets located beneath the surface of each ball, which are rigidly fixed inside the balls by the material of each ball. 
     
     
         7 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein all magnets in each ball are positioned at such a distance from the respective ball's surface that the magnetic attraction force is sufficient to keep the balls within the 2×2×2 matrix. 
     
     
         8 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein each magnet in the magnetic system has a magnetization such that the attraction force between the poles of different polarities of magnets from different balls is sufficient to hold these balls in the 2×2×2 matrix. 
     
     
         9 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein within each ball, base magnets are located at the ends of mutually perpendicular diameters. 
     
     
         10 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein each base magnet is oriented so that both its poles lie along one of the mutually perpendicular diameters of the ball. 
     
     
         11 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein the polarities of all base magnets inside each ball are such that all base magnets in each ball are directed inward with the same poles. 
     
     
         12 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein along each meridional arc connecting the nearest base magnets, meridional magnets are placed at equal distances from each other. 
     
     
         13 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein the orientation of the meridional magnets is such that the north and south magnetic poles of each meridional magnet lie on the same radius of the ball containing that magnet. 
     
     
         14 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein each meridional arc connecting the nearest base magnets in each ball contains the same number of magnets. 
     
     
         15 . The puzzle of  claim 14 , wherein the arrangement of magnets on the arcs is symmetrical with respect to the base magnets they connect, and is the same for all balls. 
     
     
         16 . The puzzle of  claim 14 , wherein the polarities of the meridional magnets on each meridional arc alternate such that the meridional magnets closest to the base magnets have opposite polarities. 
     
     
         17 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein the number, arrangement, and orientation of the magnets, excluding their polarities, are identical for all balls. 
     
     
         18 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein the magnets in the same positions in touching balls within the 2×2×2 matrix have opposite polarities. 
     
     
         19 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein each ball is colored in such a way that its coloration allows for the unambiguous determination of its orientation within the matrix of balls. 
     
     
         20 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein inside each ball, around each base magnet, and at an equal distance from the nearest meridional magnets, there are four additional magnets, wherein the orientation of these additional magnets is such that the north and south magnetic poles of each additional magnet lie on the same radius of the ball containing that magnet, and the polarity of each additional magnet matches the polarity of the nearest base magnet. 
     
     
         21 . The puzzle of  claim 5 , wherein three meridional magnets are arranged between each pair of adjacent base magnets within each ball. 
     
     
         22 . A magnetic system puzzle comprising:
 eight spherical elements of the same diameter, each containing magnets near their surfaces to maintain the magnetic system and prevent the puzzle from falling apart, wherein the spherical elements form a cubic structure with their centers, arranged in a 2×2×2 matrix, and each sphere can rotate only along three orthogonal directions, wherein each spherical element is a truncated sphere made from solid, homogeneous non-magnetic material, containing a magnetic system comprised of permanent magnets located inside each truncated sphere wherein the magnets are rigidly fixed within the spheres by the material of each sphere, with no independent movement of the magnets relative to their containing spheres, wherein all magnets in each truncated sphere are positioned at such a distance from its surface that the magnetic attraction is sufficient to keep the truncated spheres in the puzzle's structure, wherein each magnet in the magnetic system is magnetized such that the attraction between magnets of opposite polarity from different truncated spheres is sufficient to hold these spheres in the 2×2×2 matrix, wherein inside each truncated sphere, there are six base magnets located at the ends of three mutually perpendicular diameters, wherein each base magnet is oriented so that both of its poles lie on one of these mutually perpendicular diameters, wherein the polarities of all base magnets inside each truncated sphere are such that all base magnets point inward with the same poles, wherein along each meridional arc connecting the nearest base magnets, meridional magnets are positioned at equal distances from each other, wherein the orientation of these meridional magnets ensures that the north and south poles of each meridional magnet lie on the same radius of the truncated sphere, wherein the meridional arcs connecting the nearest base magnets contain the same odd number of magnets, and the placement of these magnets along the arcs is symmetrical relative to the base magnets they connect, and is consistent across all truncated spheres, wherein the polarities of the meridional magnets alternate such that the meridional magnets closest to the base magnets have opposite polarities, wherein the number, placement, and orientation of magnets, excluding their polarities, are the same for all truncated spheres, wherein magnets in the same positions, located in touching truncated spheres within the 2×2×2 matrix, have opposite polarities, wherein the sizes of all truncations are the same, and each truncated sphere contains an equal number of truncations, which matches the number of magnets within each sphere, wherein each truncation of a truncated sphere is positioned above one of the magnets in that sphere so that the radius passing through both poles of the magnet also passes through the center of the truncation, wherein each truncated sphere is painted in a way that allows its orientation within the matrix of truncated spheres to be unambiguously determined, wherein in each truncated sphere, four additional magnets are placed around each base magnet at equal distances between the nearest meridional magnets, and wherein the orientation of these additional magnets is such that the north and south poles of each additional magnet lie on the same radius of the truncated sphere containing the magnet, and the polarity of each additional magnet matches the polarity of the nearest base magnet.   
     
     
         23 . The magnetic system puzzle of  claim 22 , wherein three meridional magnets are arranged between each pair of adjacent base magnets within each truncated ball.