Heat source unit and air conditioner

Abstract

A heat source unit includes a compressor, a heat source heat exchanger, a first shutoff valve, a second shutoff valve, a refrigerant flow path, and a refrigerant. The refrigerant flow path is a flow path in which the compressor, the heat source heat exchanger, the first shutoff valve, and the second shutoff valve are connected by a refrigerant pipe. The refrigerant flow path is filled with the refrigerant. The refrigerant includes carbon dioxide. A filling amount V1 (kg) of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, a volume V2 (L) of the refrigerant flow path, and a design pressure P (MPa) of the refrigerant flow path satisfy the following relationship. V1×a≤V2≤V1×b, a=0.078×P2−2.111×P+15.771, and b=0.055 ×P2−1.768×P+16.144.

1 . A heat source unit comprising:
 a compressor;   a heat source heat exchanger;   a first shutoff valve;   a second shutoff valve;   a refrigerant flow path in which the compressor, the heat source heat exchanger, the first shutoff valve, and the second shutoff valve are connected by a refrigerant pipe; and   a refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, wherein   the refrigerant includes carbon dioxide, and   a filling amount V1 (kg) of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, a volume V2 (L) of the refrigerant flow path, and a design pressure P (MPa) of the refrigerant flow path satisfy a relationship in which
     V 1× a≤V 2 ≤V 1 ×b,  
 
     a= 0.078× P   2 −2.111× P+ 15.771, and
 
   b=0.055×P 2 −1.768×P+16.144, wherein the heat source unit is connectable to a utilization unit to collectively constitute an air conditioner.   
     
     
         2 . The heat source unit according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the design pressure P is in an inclusive continuous range of 10 MPa through 14 MPa.   
     
     
         3 . The heat source unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         4 . The heat source unit according to  claim 2 , further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         5 . The heat source unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a flow path switching mechanism that controllably switches a direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow path; and   a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant.   
     
     
         6 . The heat source unit according to  claim 5 , wherein:
 the flow path switching mechanism comprises at least one of a four-way switching valve and a combination of a plurality of electromagnetic valves and refrigerant tubes.   
     
     
         7 . The heat source unit according to  claim 2 , further comprising:
 a flow path switching mechanism that controllably switches a direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow path; and   a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant.   
     
     
         8 . The heat source unit according to  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a flow path switching mechanism that controllably switches a direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow path; and   a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant.   
     
     
         9 . An air conditioner comprising:
 a heat source unit including
 a compressor, 
 a heat source heat exchanger, 
 a first shutoff valve, 
 a second shutoff valve, 
 a refrigerant flow path in which the compressor, the heat source heat exchanger, the first shutoff valve, and the second shutoff valve are connected by a refrigerant pipe, and 
 a refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, wherein 
   the refrigerant includes carbon dioxide, and   a filling amount V1 (kg) of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, a volume V2 (L) of the refrigerant flow path, and a design pressure P (MPa) of the refrigerant flow path satisfy a relationship in which
     V 1× a≤V 2≤ V 1× b,  
 
     a= 0.078× P   2 −2.111× P+ 15.771, and
 
     b= 0.055× P   2 −1.768× P+ 16.144; and
 
   a utilization unit connected to the heat source unit via a connecting pipe, wherein the connecting pipe has   a length that is changed in accordance with installation positions of the heat source unit and the utilization unit, and   a first length that does not require additional filling of the refrigerant into a refrigerant circuit formed by connecting the heat source unit and the utilization unit via the connecting pipe, and   the heat source unit is filled with the refrigerant in an amount corresponding to a required refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit when the connecting pipe has the first length.   
     
     
         10 . The air conditioner of  claim 9 , wherein the design pressure P is in an inclusive continuous range of 10 MPa through 14 MPa. 
     
     
         11 . The air conditioner of  claim 9 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         12 . The air conditioner of  claim 10 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         13 . The air conditioner of  claim 9 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising:
 a flow path switching mechanism that controllably switches a direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow path; and   a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant.   
     
     
         14 . The air conditioner of  claim 13 , wherein
 the flow path switching mechanism comprises at least one of a four-way switching valve and a combination of a plurality of electromagnetic valves and refrigerant tubes.   
     
     
         15 . An air conditioner comprising:
 a heat source unit including
 a compressor, 
 a heat source heat exchanger, 
 a first shutoff valve, 
 a second shutoff valve, 
 a refrigerant flow path in which the compressor, the heat source heat exchanger, the first shutoff valve, and the second shutoff valve are connected by a refrigerant pipe, and 
 a refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, wherein 
   the refrigerant includes carbon dioxide, and   a filling amount V1 (kg) of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path, a volume V2 (L) of the refrigerant flow path, and a design pressure P (MPa) of the refrigerant flow path satisfy a relationship in which
     V 1× a≤V 2≤ V 1× b,  
 
     a= 0.078× P   2 −2.111× P+ 15.771, and
 
     b= 0.055× P   2 −1.768× P+ 16.144; and
 
   a utilization unit connected to the heat source unit via a connecting pipe, wherein   the connecting pipe has a length that is changed in accordance with installation positions of the heat source unit and the utilization unit, and   a filling amount of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant flow path of the heat source unit is larger than   a required refrigerant amount in a refrigerant circuit formed by connecting the heat source unit and the utilization unit via the connecting pipe when the connecting pipe is shorter than a predetermined first length.   
     
     
         16 . The air conditioner of  claim 15 , wherein the design pressure P is in an inclusive continuous range of 10 MPa through 14 MPa. 
     
     
         17 . The air conditioner of  claim 15 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         18 . The air conditioner of  claim 16 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant, wherein
 a volume V3 (L) of the refrigerant storage container satisfies a relationship in which
   0.4× V 2≤ V 3<0.9× V 2.
 
   
     
     
         19 . The air conditioner of  claim 15 , wherein the heat source unit further comprising:
 a flow path switching mechanism that controllably switches a direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow path; and   a refrigerant storage container that stores the refrigerant.   
     
     
         20 . The air conditioner of  claim 19 , wherein
 the flow path switching mechanism comprises at least one of a four-way switching valve and a combination of a plurality of electromagnetic valves and refrigerant tubes.