Continuously operating pyrolysis equipment and method to perform pyrolysis process

Abstract

The continuously operating pyrolysis equipment that consists at least of the feeding apparatus to feed the raw material into the reactor, the reactor to produce the pyrolysis products, the heating system to generate the heat energy that is needed in the pyrolysis process and to transfer it into the raw material, the mixing apparatus and the conveyor to mix the raw material particles advancing in the reactor and to transport them from there, and the channels to exit the solid, the liquid, and the gas pyrolysis products from the reactor and where the feeding apparatus includes the liquid seal to maintain an essentially oxygen-free condition in the reactor. The mentioned feeding apparatus includes at least: the push button to push the lighter than the liquid seal liquid raw material particles from the feeding apparatus feeding channel under the fluid surface of the fluid seal, the second conveyor leading from the liquid above the surface of the fluid to transport and lift the lighter than the fluid raw material particles to the surface of the liquid in the transfer channel and the first conveyor to lift the heavier than the liquid raw material particles from the liquid into the feeding channel and to transport them and to the surface of the liquid gotten raw material particles to the reactor feeding opening.

1 . Continuously operating pyrolysis equipment that consists at least of:
 a. the feeding apparatus to feed the raw material into the reactor,   b. the reactor to produce the pyrolysis products,   c. the heating system to generate the heat energy that the pyrolysis process needs and to transfer it to the raw material,   d. the mixing apparatus and the conveyor to mix and to transport the raw material particles there, and   e. the channels to exit the solid, liquid, and gas pyrolysis products from the reactor, and which feeding apparatus includes the liquid seal essentially to maintain an oxygen-free condition in the reactor wherein the mentioned feeding apparatus includes at least:   f. push button to press the lighter than the liquid of the liquid seal raw material particles from the feeding channel of the feeding apparatus under the liquid surface of the liquid seal,   g. another conveyor leading from the liquid above the liquid surface to transport and to lift the lighter than the liquid raw material particles to the surface of the liquid in the transport channel,   h. the first conveyor leading from the liquid to the feeding opening of the reactor to lift the heavier than the liquid raw material particles from the liquid into the feeding channel and to transport them and to the surface of the liquid gotten raw material particles to the feeding opening of the reactor.   
     
     
         2 . The pyrolysis equipment according to the  claim 1  wherein the gas space limited by the reactor casing, other casing, and the end walls for the hot gases has been divided into heating sections in the lengthwise direction of the reactor using partition walls that are a certain favorable amount and the connect channels leading into them from the distribution channel or from the hot gas channel have been adapted by their cross sectional areas different size so that largest of them is located in the reactor feeding opening/first end side connect channel and that their sizes are smaller than the previous when moving towards the other end of the reactor so that it is possible to lead different amounts of hat gas and heat energy at the same time into mentioned heating sections. 
     
     
         3 . The pyrolysis equipment according to the  claim 1  wherein the mixing apparatus and the conveyor consist of the centre arbor that has been adapted with at least one lead-in into the cylindrical reactor same centered with the reactor casing adapted to rotate in its centre line and the blades fixed to the mentioned axle both lengthwise and radial with a certain transition that have been adapted to lift raw material from the down part of the reactor supported by its casing and to drop it back to the down part of the reactor. 
     
     
         4 . The pyrolysis equipment according to  claim 1  wherein the raw material that is treated in it is rubber and/or plastic including polyolefin rich plastic waste. 
     
     
         5 . The pyrolysis equipment according to  claim 1  wherein that the push button consists of the frame, guides fixed to it, a plate push organ that has been adapted to move essentially vertically and the power transfer organ fixed to the frame and the push organ to transfer the transfer power from the apparatus that generates power to the mentioned push organ. 
     
     
         6 . The pyrolysis equipment according to the  claim 5  wherein the push organ has been adapted to turn in relation to the joint essentially from a vertical position essentially to a horizontal position when it is moved with the power transfer organ downwards and back to mentioned vertical position when it is moved upwards something that makes it possible for the raw material fed into the income channel to flow into the liquid. 
     
     
         7 . The pyrolysis equipment according to  claim 1  wherein the first and the second conveyors are conveyor belts. 
     
     
         8 . The pyrolysis equipment according to  claim 1  wherein the widths of all the heating sections are equal sized. 
     
     
         9 . The method to perform continuous pyrolysis process wherein the pyrolysis equipment defined in  claim 1  is used in it in the following way:
 a. the heavier and the lighter than the liquid particles of the raw material are transported through the liquid seal of the feeding apparatus with the help of the push button and the first and the second conveyors from the feeding channel to the transfer channel and further into the reactor through the feeding opening, 
 b. the raw material particles that advance in the reactor in the pyrolysis process are heated by with each other different size hot gas amounts led into the heat system heating sections in order to direct different size heat energy amounts to the raw material particles in the locations of each mentioned section, 
 c. the raw material is moved in the reactor in the direction of the process advance with the help of the blades rotating the circle and that have been fixed to the centre arbor of the mixing apparatus and the conveyor and at the same time the raw material is lifted with the ends of the mentioned blades using the support of the reactor casing above the line the horizontal level that goes through the centre arbor centre line from where they fall by gravity to the bottom of the reactor and thus caused hits are used to break the raw material particles to direct the heat energy inside them. 
 
     
     
         10 . The method according to the  claim 9  wherein the hot gas amounts that are led into the heating sections are made different from each other by different cross sectional connect channels and/or by close organs adapted in the mentioned channels. 
     
     
         11 . The method according to the  claim 9  wherein a product carbon statue is formed in the exit channel of the solid pyrolysis product to tighten the mentioned opening gas tight. 
     
     
         12 . The method according to  claim 9  wherein a part of the hot gas channel is adapted to function as the distribution channel. 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 9  wherein the hot gas is flue gas produced in the boiler or heated air heated in a heat exchanger. 
     
     
         14 . The method according to  claim 9  wherein the temperature of the hot gases led into the heating sections is adapted to max value of 750° C.