Multi-floor building structure

Abstract

A multi-floor building structure having pillars ( 1 ), and at least one horizontal structure ( 5 ), made of engineered wood, an upper horizontal layer ( 10 ) and a lower horizontal layer ( 20 ), made of engineered wood segments structurally adhered together providing structural continuity at least in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD) across the entire horizontal structure ( 5 ), and vertically separated and rigidly connected through an array of intersected longitudinal and transversal vertical ribs ( 31, 32 ); wherein the thickness and/or the load-resistance per square centimeter of the upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10, 20 ) increases, in a gradual or stepped manner, with the proximity to the vertical through holes ( 3 ); and/or the thickness, the load-resistance per square centimeter and/or the proximity between successive longitudinal vertical ribs and ( 31 ) successive transversal vertical ribs ( 32 ) increases, in a gradual or stepped manner, with the proximity to the vertical through holes ( 3 ).

1 . A multi-floor building structure comprising pillars ( 1 ), and one horizontal structure ( 5 ), made of engineered wood, for each building floor of the building supported on said pillars ( 1 ), each horizontal structure ( 5 ) including vertical through holes ( 3 ) for inserting the pillars ( 1 ) therethrough, wherein
 each horizontal structure ( 5 ) comprises an upper horizontal layer ( 10 ) and a lower horizontal layer ( 20 ) of engineered wood facing each other, and vertically separated and rigidly connected through an array of intersected longitudinal and transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ) of engineered wood elongated in longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD);   
       each of the upper and lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ) is made of horizontal engineered wood boards structurally adhered together providing structural continuity at least in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD) across the entire horizontal structure ( 5 ); 
       the horizontal structures ( 5 ) include a collar reinforcement configuration in a collar reinforced portion ( 50 ) defined around at least some of the vertical through holes ( 3 ); 
       wherein each collar reinforcement configuration comprises:
 a gradual or stepped increase, with the proximity to the vertical through hole ( 3 ), in the thickness and/or in the load-resistance per square centimeter of the horizontal engineered wood board constitutive of the upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ), the horizontal engineered wood board of increased thickness and/or load-resistance completely surrounding one vertical through hole in a structurally continuous manner; and/or 
 a gradual or stepped increase, with the proximity to the vertical through hole ( 3 ), in the thickness, in the load-resistance per square centimeter and/or in the proximity between successive longitudinal vertical ribs ( 31 ) laterally adjacent to the vertical through holes ( 3 ) in the transverse horizontal direction (TD), and between successive transversal vertical ribs ( 32 ), laterally adjacent to the vertical through hole ( 3 ) in the longitudinal horizontal direction (LD), intersecting to each other forming an array around the vertical through hole completely surrounding one vertical through hole in a structurally continuous manner. 
 
     
     
         2 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein in at least some collar reinforced portions ( 50 ), the collar reinforcement configuration further includes an annular stiffener ( 51 ) made of engineered wood protruding upwards and/or downwards from the horizontal structure ( 5 ) around the vertical through hole, the annular stiffener being rigidly and structurally connected to the horizontal structure ( 5 ). 
     
     
         3 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein each pillar ( 1 ) includes at least one first seat ( 2 ) for each building floor, and each horizontal structure ( 5 ) is supported on said first seats ( 2 ) through at least one second seat defined in a downwardly exposed portion of the horizontal structure ( 5 ) facing the at least one first seat ( 2 ) or in a downwardly exposed portion of the collar reinforcement configuration facing the at least one first seat ( 2 ). 
     
     
         4 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 3  wherein each first seat ( 2 ) protrudes from the pillar ( 1 ) and/or is defined in a housing or in a hollow interior of the pillar ( 1 ), and/or each second seat is defined on the lower horizontal layer ( 20 ) or on a downwardly exposed portions of the longitudinal and/or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ) of the horizontal structure ( 5 ). 
     
     
         5 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1 , wherein 
       the horizontal structures ( 5 ) include an elongated reinforcement configuration in an elongated reinforced portions ( 40 ) elongated in the longitudinal or transversal horizontal direction (LD, TD) and comprising one aligned succession of aligned vertical through holes ( 3 ), the elongated reinforcement configurations interconnecting a succession of collar reinforcement configurations, each elongated reinforcement configuration comprising:
 a gradual or stepped increase, with the proximity to the elongated reinforced portion ( 40 ), in the thickness and/or in the load-resistance per square centimeter of the upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ); and/or 
 a gradual or stepped increase, with the proximity to the elongated reinforced portion ( 40 ), in the thickness and/or in the load-resistance per square centimeter, and/or in the proximity between longitudinal or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ), in those longitudinal or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ) parallel to the main longitude of the elongated reinforced portion ( 40 ) where they are contained. 
 
     
     
         6 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 5  wherein in at least some elongated reinforced portions ( 40 ), the elongated reinforcement configuration further includes an elongated stiffener ( 41 ) made of engineered wood protruding upwards and/or downwards from the horizontal structure ( 5 ) along the elongated reinforced portion ( 40 ), the elongated stiffener ( 41 ) being rigidly and structurally connected to the horizontal structure ( 5 ). 
     
     
         7 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 2 , wherein the elongated stiffener ( 41 ) and/or the annular stiffener is/are separated from the horizontal structure ( 5 ) at a certain vertical distance and rigidly connected thereto through interposed spacers or through interposed spacers defined by extensions of the longitudinal and/or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ) protruding through openings of the upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ). 
     
     
         8 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1 , wherein each horizontal structure ( 5 ) comprises flanged joists ( 60 ) made of engineered wood oriented in the longitudinal and in the transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD), each comprising a central webs ( 63 ), constitute said longitudinal and/or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ), and an upper flange ( 61 ) and/or a lower flange ( 62 ) attached to the central web ( 63 ), wherein the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ) are an integral part of the correspondent upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ). 
     
     
         9 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 8  wherein the upper flanges oriented in the longitudinal and in the transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD) and/or the lower flanges oriented in the longitudinal and in the transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD) 
       are coplanar and intersecting to each other, and the structural continuity, in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD), of the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ) in the intersections thereof is provided by engineered wood segments structurally adhered to the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ), on the intersections, the engineered wood segments being structurally interconnected completely covering the entire surface of the horizontal structure; or 
       are coplanar and intersecting to each other, and the structural continuity, in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD), of the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ) in the intersections thereof is provided by engineered wood segments structurally adhered to the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ), on the intersections, the engineered wood segments being discrete engineered wood segments, located on the intersections leaving openings on the upper and/or lower structural element between the flanges; or 
       are non-coplanar, overlapped and structurally adhered to each other in the intersections, the upper and/or lower flanges on the flanged joists oriented in the longitudinal or in the transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD) trespassing the central web ( 63 ) of the orthogonal flanged joists ( 60 ) providing structural continuity of the upper and/or lower flanges ( 61 ,  62 ) in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD). 
     
     
         10 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein the upper and/or lower layer ( 10 ,  20 ) is, or comprises, a continuous sheet of engineered wood, covering the entire horizontal structure ( 5 ), made of coplanar engineered wood boards, or several overlapped and structurally adhered layers of coplanar engineered wood boards, each engineered wood board constituting one of the horizontal engineered wood boards. 
     
     
         11 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein each horizontal structure ( 5 ) is made of several independent prefabricated horizontal structure segments ( 6 ) laterally connected to each other in a rigid manner through complementary coupling configurations ( 70 ) structurally adhered together, each horizontal structure segment ( 6 ) comprising:
 an upper horizontal layer segment ( 11 ) and a lower horizontal layer segment ( 21 ) of engineered wood facing each other, and vertically separated and rigidly connected through an array of intersected longitudinal and transversal vertical rib segments ( 33 ,  34 ) of engineered wood elongated in the longitudinal and transversal horizontal directions (LD, TD); 
 the coupling configurations ( 70 ) being placed at least in an outer perimeter of each upper and lower horizontal layer segments ( 11 ,  21 ), providing a partial overlap between adjacent upper and lower horizontal layer segments ( 11 ,  21 ). 
 
     
     
         12 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein each vertical through hole define a gap distance between inner surfaces thereof and the pillar inserted therein, and wherein
 at least in some of the vertical through holes ( 3 ), the gap distance is filled with hardened adhesive, or with successive layers of hardened adhesive and shear transmission inhibitor, providing a rigidly connection between the horizontal structure and the pillar; and/or 
 at least in some of the vertical through holes ( 3 ), the gap distance is an empty air gap, providing an articulated connection between the horizontal structure and the pillar; and/or 
 
       at least in some of the vertical through holes ( 3 ), the gap distance is filled with an elastomeric material (EM), or with successive layers of an elastomeric material (EM) and hardened adhesive, providing a dampened connection between the horizontal structure and the pillar. 
     
     
         13 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein each pillar ( 1 ) is:
 one single vertical strut of engineered wood made of several successive pillar segments rigidly connected through complementary adhered coupling configurations providing partial overlap between the successive pillar segments; or 
 a plurality of parallel vertical struts made of engineered wood, rigidly connected to each other at a horizontal distance, the pillar being made of several successive pillar segments rigidly connected through complementary adhered coupling configurations providing partial overlap between the successive pillar segments. 
 
     
     
         14 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein in at least some portions of the horizontal structure ( 5 ) the upper and lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ) are structurally connected through a rigid lightweight material, selected among rigid foam, wood wool, rock wool, honeycomb cardboard or cork panel selected to withstand shear loads between upper and lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ). 
     
     
         15 . The multi-floor building structure according to  claim 1  wherein:
 at least some of the longitudinal and/or transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ) include light-weighting apertures; and/or 
 the upper and/or lower horizontal layers ( 10 ,  20 ) of the horizontal structure ( 5 ) include light-weighting apertures or light-weighting apertures defined between the longitudinal and transversal vertical ribs ( 31 ,  32 ), or light-weighting apertures decreasing, in a gradual or stepped manner, with the proximity to the vertical through holes ( 3 ).