Drilling unit and method for producing a foundation in soil and/or a foundation under water

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling unit for producing a foundation in a ground and/or a foundation under water, wherein the drilling unit comprises a drive unit and a cutting ring, wherein the cutting ring is rotatably mounted on the drilling unit and can be driven by means of the drive unit, wherein the drilling unit is configured such that it can be arranged and detachably fastened to an end of a bored pile, in particular the end facing the ground, for sinking, preferably vertically, into the ground. The invention further relates to a device comprising such a drilling unit, a cutting ring and a method for producing a foundation in a ground and/or a foundation under water.

1 . A drilling unit ( 13 ) for producing a foundation or a shaft in a ground ( 2 ) and/or a foundation or a shaft under water, wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) comprises a drive unit ( 7 ) and a cutting ring ( 6 ), wherein said cutting ring ( 6 ) is rotatably mounted on said drilling unit ( 13 ) and is drivable by means of said drive unit ( 7 ), wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) is arranged to fasten detachably to an end of a drilling pile ( 1 ), which in particular faces the ground ( 2 ), for sinking into the ground ( 2 ). 
     
     
         2 . The drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 , wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) has at least one motor/gear unit ( 5 ) fastened to said drive unit ( 7 ). 
     
     
         3 . The drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 , wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) comprises a feed line ( 17 ) and/or a high-pressure feed line ( 29 ) which is attached to said drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or is configured to be attached to said drilling pile ( 1 ) and is or are configured such that drilling fluid can be introduced into an excavation area ( 18 ) in order to be able to transport cut material removed by said cutting ring ( 6 ) in the ground ( 2 ) to a surface of the ground ( 2 ) or a water surface. 
     
     
         4 . The drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 , wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or said drive unit ( 7 ) comprises a locking means ( 12 ) by means of which said drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or said drive unit ( 7 ) is detachably attached to said drilling pile ( 1 ). 
     
     
         5 . The drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 4 , wherein said drilling unit ( 13 ) comprises a traction means ( 10 ), in particular a traction cable, which are configured such that said drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or said drive unit ( 7 ) is configured to be recovered to the surface after releasing said locking means ( 12 ). 
     
     
         6 . The drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 , further comprising a conveyor line ( 16 ) to convey a drilling fluid together with waste loosened by means of the cutting ring to the surface. 
     
     
         7 . A device for producing a foundation or a shaft in the ground ( 2 ) and/or a foundation or a shaft under water, comprising a drilling pile ( 1 ) and a drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         8 . A cutting ring ( 6 ) for producing a foundation or a shaft in the ground ( 2 ) and/or a foundation or a shaft under water for use with a device and/or a drilling unit ( 13 ) according to  claim 1 , wherein said cutting ring ( 6 ) includes foldable sub-segments ( 6   a,    28 ). 
     
     
         9 . The cutting ring ( 6 ) according to  claim 8 , wherein the sub-segments ( 6   a,    28 ) are fixed to said cutting ring ( 6 ) with retaining bolts ( 15 ) and shear bolts ( 14 ). 
     
     
         10 . The cutting ring according to  claim 8 , wherein said cutting ring ( 6 ) is configured such that its outer diameter and/or inner diameter is configured to be reduced for recovering said drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or a drive unit ( 7 ) of said drilling unit ( 13 ), in particular by shearing off the shear bolts or hydraulically unlocking the shear bolts and folding over the sub-segments ( 6   a,    28 ). 
     
     
         11 . Use of the drilling unit ( 13 ) and/or the device and/or the cutting ring according to  claim 1  in a sinking process for a drilling pile ( 1 ), wherein a motor/gear unit ( 5 ) of said drive unit ( 7 ) operates under water during the sinking process. 
     
     
         12 . A method for producing a foundation or a shaft in a ground ( 2 ), wherein, for inserting a drilling pile ( 1 ) into a ground ( 2 ), a drilling unit ( 13 ), in particular according to  claim 1 , is subjected to an axial force by at least one feed device ( 4 ) via at least one fixing device ( 3 ), wherein a cutting ring ( 6 ) located at the lower end of said drilling pile ( 1 ) is rotated by means of a drive unit ( 7 ) arranged on an inner or outer side of said drilling pile ( 1 ) and creates an annular cut ( 8 ), wherein a drilling fluid is pumped into the excavation area ( 18 ) of said cutting ring ( 6 ) via at least one feed line ( 17 ) and/or a high-pressure feed line ( 29 ), and wherein the drilling fluid is conveyed to the surface together with waste loosened by said cutting ring ( 6 ) by means of a conveying line ( 16 ). 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 12 , wherein, in order to fix said drilling pile ( 1 ) after reaching the intended depth in the ground ( 2 ), a fixing material is pumped into the excavation area ( 18 ) through the at least one conveyor line ( 16 ) until the rising fixing material has filled the annular cut ( 8 ) around said drilling pile ( 1 ) and/or in a cavity of said drilling pile ( 1 ). 
     
     
         14 . The method according to  claim 12 , wherein after sinking said drilling pile ( 1 ), said drilling unit ( 13 ) is configured to be recovered by means of a lifting device via traction means ( 10 ) to a surface of the ground ( 2 ) or a water surface, wherein the inner and/or outer diameter of said drilling unit ( 13 ), in particular of said cutting ring ( 6 ), is changed. 
     
     
         15 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein said cutting ring ( 6 ) comprises sub-segments ( 6   a,    28 ) which, as long as the sinking process takes place, are fixed to said cutting ring ( 6 ) with retaining bolts ( 15 ) and shear bolts ( 14 ), wherein said shear bolts ( 14 ) shear off or are unlocked when said drilling unit ( 13 ) is recovered and the sub-segments ( 6   a,    28 ) fold away around said retaining bolts ( 15 ). 
     
     
         16 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein said drive unit ( 7 ), during the creation of the cut ( 8 ) is arranged in a cavity of a respective drilling pile ( 1 ,  30 ) on the inside thereof, wherein, after said drilling unit ( 13 ) has been recovered, a further drilling pile ( 30 ), in particular a telescopic drilling pile, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of said drilling pile ( 1 ), is introduced into said drilling pile ( 1 ) in such a way that said drilling unit ( 13 ) is configured to be installed in said further drilling pile ( 30 ) in order to drill a particularly deep bore, a replacement bore and/or a drilling pile of very large diameter and/or weight.