Partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure and erection method thereof

Abstract

A partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure is provided, including a bridge deck laid on a top of a main girder along a longitudinal direction. The bridge deck includes a heavy-vehicle lane, a medium-vehicle lane, a light-vehicle lane and an emergency lane. A top plate structure of the bridge deck includes a first top plate and a second top plate. The heavy-vehicle lane includes a first diaphragm and the first top plate. A bottom of the first top plate is connected to a longitudinal rolled U-shaped rib arranged via a blind rivet. The medium-vehicle lane, the light-vehicle lane and the emergency lane each include a second diaphragm and the second top plate. A bottom of the second top plate is welded with a longitudinal cold-formed U-shaped rib. An erection method of such orthotropic steel bridge deck structure is also provided.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure, comprising:
 a bridge deck laid on a top of a main girder of an external bridge body along a longitudinal direction of the external bridge body;   wherein the bridge deck comprises:   a first lane;   a second lane;   a third lane; and   a fourth lane configured as an emergency lane;   wherein the first lane, the second lane, the third lane and the fourth lane are sequentially arranged along a transverse direction of the external bridge body; a loading capacity of the first lane is larger than a loading capacity of the second lane; the loading capacity of the second lane is larger than a loading capacity of the third lane; the first lane adopts a first deck; the second lane, the third lane and the fourth lane each adopt a second deck; the first deck is larger than the second deck in loading capacity; and a top plate structure of the bridge deck consists of a first top plate corresponding to the first lane and a second top plate corresponding to the second lane, the third lane and the fourth lane;   the first deck comprises a plurality of first diaphragms arranged along the longitudinal direction of the external bridge body; bottoms of the plurality of first diaphragms are connected to the main girder, and tops of the plurality of first diaphragms are connected to the first top plate; the first top plate is provided with a hole for accommodating a blind rivet arranged vertically; and a bottom of the first top plate is connected to a rolled U-shaped rib arranged longitudinally via the blind rivet; and   the second deck comprises a plurality of second diaphragms arranged along the longitudinal direction of the external bridge body; bottoms of the plurality of second diaphragms are connected to the main girder, and tops of the plurality of second diaphragms are connected to the second top plate; a bottom of the second top plate is weldedly connected with a cold-formed U-shaped rib arranged longitudinally; and the cold-formed U-shaped rib is connected to the plurality of second diaphragms via a weld seam.   
     
     
         2 . The partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure of  claim 1 , wherein a friction bearing material is provided between the rolled U-shaped rib and the plurality of first diaphragms to allow relative sliding between the plurality of first diaphragms and the rolled U-shaped rib; each of the plurality of first diaphragms is fixedly connected with a fixed steel plate via a bolt; and the fixed steel plate is configured to press the friction bearing material against transverse sides of the rolled U-shaped rib. 
     
     
         3 . The partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure of  claim 2 , wherein the friction bearing material is made of a rubber pad or a composite material. 
     
     
         4 . A method for erecting the partially replaceable orthotropic steel bridge deck structure of  claim 2 , comprising:
 (1) assembling the first lane through steps:
 (1.1) determining a position on the first top plate where the rolled U-shaped rib is connected according to an erection drawing followed by marking with a chalk line; and temporarily fixing, by an external clamp, the rolled U-shaped rib to the first top plate; 
 (1.2) drilling a hole on each of the first top plate and the rolled U-shaped rib, inserting the blind rivet into the hole to assemble the rolled U-shaped rib with the first top plate, wherein an assembly sequence of the rolled U-shaped rib is from a longitudinal center to longitudinal ends; tightening, by a hydraulic riveter, the blind rivet to a locked state, such that the rolled U-shaped rib is fixedly connected to the first top plate; testing a tensioning force of the blind rivet by using a tension tester, a levelness of the blind rivet by using a leveling instrument, and a tightening force of the blind rivet by using a torque wrench; and recording testing results; 
 (1.3) bonding the friction bearing material to two longitudinal sides of each of the plurality of first diaphragms by mean of an adhesive; boltedly installing the fixed steel plate to a surface of each of the plurality of first diaphragms, such that the fixed steel plate presses the friction bearing material against transverse sides of the rolled U-shaped rib; wherein during installation of the fixed steel plate, the bolt sequentially passes through a reserved hole of the fixed steel plate and a reserved hole of each of the plurality of first diaphragms, and is tightened but not completely tightened, so that the fixed steel plate is in an adjustable state; and after the fixed steel plate abuts onto the surface of each of the plurality of first diaphragms, the bolt is stepwise tightened by the torque wrench to control a preload on the friction bearing material; and 
 testing, by the torque wrench, a tightening force of the bolt; and checking an attaching status between the fixed steel plate and the plurality of first diaphragms to determine whether the preload meets a design requirement, if yes, locking the bolt, and performing anti-corrosion treatment on an exposed part of the fixed steel plate; 
 (1.4) checking, by a feeler gauge, a contact status between the friction bearing material and the rolled U-shaped rib to ensure that there is no gap between the friction bearing material and the rolled U-shaped rib; and performing prestress testing on the friction bearing material to determine a stability of the friction bearing material under load; and 
 (1.5) rechecking, by a total station and the leveling instrument, positions of the rolled U-shaped rib and the plurality of first diaphragms to ensure that a deviation is within a design range; checking a position and a tightening status of the fixed steel plate; subjecting the blind rivet to tensioning force testing and ultrasonic non-destructive testing; performing, by a dynamometer, compression force testing on the friction bearing material; and recording compression data of all support portions of the friction bearing material; 
   (2) assembling the second lane, the third lane and the fourth lane through steps of:   (2.1) aligning the cold-formed U-shaped rib with the second top plate followed by reinforcing by a fixing tool; performing double-sided spot welding on a contact part between the cold-formed U-shaped rib and the second top plate followed by cleaning and weld seam checking;   (2.2) abutting the plurality of second diaphragms onto the cold-formed U-shaped rib followed by clamping and fillet welding according to a preset welding parameter; and after the fillet welding is completed, performing joint flatness inspection and polishing; and   (2.3) placing the plurality of second diaphragms on a bottom surface of the second top plate, and performing spot welding at a contacting part between the plurality of second diaphragms and the bottom surface of the second top plate; and performing welding quality inspection;   (3) laying a plurality of bridge decks on a top of the main girder through steps of:
 (3.1) installing a lifting sling or a weld-on lifting lug to a preset lifting point of each of the plurality of bridge decks; lifting, by a lifting device, the plurality of bridge decks from a transport vehicle to a preset position at the top of the main girder; and during the lifting, monitoring, by the total station and a laser measurement device, a longitudinal position, a transverse position and an elevation of the plurality of bridge decks to ensure that the plurality of bridge decks are respectively placed at the preset position; and 
 arranging a temporary support device on the top of the main girder; checking the longitudinal position, the transverse position and the elevation of each of the plurality of bridge decks; and fixing the plurality of bridge decks to the main girder by means of clamping or bolting; 
 (3.2) aligning ends of the plurality of first diaphragms and the plurality of second diaphragms with the main girder along the longitudinal direction of the external bridge body; connecting the plurality of first diaphragms and the plurality of second diaphragms to the main girder by means of full penetration welding or fillet welding, such that the plurality of bridge decks are connected to the main girder; and performing welding quality inspection; and 
 (3.3) aligning edges of the first top plate and the second top plate with a web plate of the main girder along the longitudinal direction of the external bridge body; connecting the first top plate and the second top plate to the main girder by means of full penetration welding; and performing welding quality inspection; 
   (4) aligning adjacent bridge decks among the plurality of bridge decks in the longitudinal direction of the external bridge body; connecting the plurality of bridge decks by means of full penetration welding; and performing non-destructive weld seam inspection; and   (5) in a case that the rolled U-shaped rib is damaged, replacing the rolled U-shaped rib through steps of:
 (5.1) removing the blind rivet and the rolled U-shaped rib by means of the hydraulic riveter; loosening the bolt for fixing the fixed steel plate, such that the friction bearing material is separated from a contacting surface between the rolled U-shaped rib and a corresponding one of the plurality of first diaphragms; 
 (5.2) connecting a new rolled U-shaped rib to the corresponding one of the plurality of first diaphragms through the blind rivet; and tightening the blind rivet; 
 (5.3) fixing the friction bearing material to the corresponding one of the plurality of first diaphragms by means of the adhesive, such that the friction bearing material is attached to the to-be-installed U-shaped rib; fastening the bolt to adjust a pressure applied by the fixed steel plate to the friction bearing material; and subjecting the blind rivet to tension testing by using the tension tester and tightening force testing by using the torque wrench; and 
 (5.4) checking a connecting status between the new rolled U-shaped rib and the first top plate and a connecting status between the new rolled U-shaped rib and the corresponding one of the plurality of first diaphragms. 
   
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein in step (1.2), the hole is drilled by using a computer numerical control (CNC) drilling machine. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein in step (1.3), the friction bearing material, after being applied, is subjected to compression force testing by using the dynamometer.