Additive for carbon dioxide reduction catalysts, catalyst layer, cathode, ion exchange membrane-electrode assembly and solid electrolyte electrolysis device

Abstract

A catalyst layer that can be suppressed in functional deterioration, an additive for a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst that is excellent in the electroconductivity of the electrode catalyst layer and the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic reduction reaction of carbon dioxide, an electrode, an ion exchange membrane-electrode assembly, and a solid electrolyte electrolysis apparatus. The additive for a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst includes a carrier having an aryl group on a surface thereof and carbon.

1 . An additive for a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst, comprising:
 a carrier having an aryl group on a surface thereof and comprising carbon.   
     
     
         2 . An additive for a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst, comprising:
 a carrier comprising carbon,   wherein the additive has a ratio of a water vapor adsorption amount at 25° C. and a water vapor pressure of 2.2 kPa with respect to a water vapor adsorption amount at the same temperature and a water vapor pressure of 3.1 kPa of less than 0.5.   
     
     
         3 . The additive of  claim 1 , wherein the aryl group comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group and a condensed ring group having 2 to 6 benzene rings. 
     
     
         4 . The additive of  claim 3 , wherein the condensed ring group comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a pyrenyl group. 
     
     
         5 . The additive of  claim 1 , wherein the aryl group comprises at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a fluorinated alkyl group, a phenyl group, a fluorinated phenyl group, and a fluorine atom. 
     
     
         6 . The additive of  claim 1 , wherein the aryl group is a group represented by formulae (1) to (8) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         * represents a bonding site to the surface of the carrier. 
       
     
     
         7 . A catalyst layer, comprising:
 an additive comprising a carrier having an aryl group on a surface thereof and comprising carbon; and   a catalyst comprising a carrier comprising carbon, inorganic fine particles or a metal complex being supported on the carrier.   
     
     
         8 . A catalyst layer, comprising:
 an additive comprising a carrier comprising carbon; and   a catalyst comprising a carrier comprising carbon, inorganic fine particles or a metal complex being supported on the carrier,   wherein the additive has a ratio of a water vapor adsorption amount at 25° C. and a water vapor pressure of 2.2 kPa with respect to a water vapor adsorption amount at the same temperature and a water vapor pressure of 3.1 kPa of less than 0.5.   
     
     
         9 . The catalyst layer of  claim 7 , wherein the inorganic fine particles are fine particles selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, zinc, chromium, palladium, tin, manganese, aluminum, indium, bismuth, molybdenum, and carbon nitride, and the metal complex is a metal complex comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, and aluminum, or an ion of the metal, having a ligand coordinated thereto. 
     
     
         10 . The catalyst layer of  claim 7 , wherein the aryl group comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group and a condensed ring group having 2 to 6 benzene rings. 
     
     
         11 . The catalyst layer of  claim 10 , wherein the condensed ring comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a pyrenyl group. 
     
     
         12 . The catalyst layer of  claim 7 , wherein the aryl group comprises at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a fluorinated alkyl group, a phenyl group, a fluorinated phenyl group, and a fluorine atom. 
     
     
         13 . The catalyst layer of  claim 7 , wherein the aryl group is a group represented by formulae (1) to (8) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         * represents a bonding site to the surface. 
       
     
     
         14 . A cathode, comprising:
 the catalyst layer of  claim 9 ; and   a gas diffusion layer.   
     
     
         15 . An ion exchange membrane-electrode assembly, comprising:
 the cathode of claim  14 ;   a solid electrolyte; and   an anode.   
     
     
         16 . The ion exchange membrane-electrode assembly of  claim 15 , wherein the solid electrolyte is an anion exchange membrane. 
     
     
         17 . A solid electrolyte electrolysis apparatus, comprising:
 the cathode of  claim 14 ;   an anode forming a pair of electrodes with the cathode;   a solid electrolyte intervening between the cathode and the anode, in a contact state; and   a voltage application unit applying a voltage between the cathode and the anode.   
     
     
         18 . The solid electrolyte electrolysis apparatus of  claim 17 , wherein the solid electrolyte is an anion exchange membrane. 
     
     
         19 . The additive of  claim 3 , wherein the aryl group comprises at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a fluorinated alkyl group, a phenyl group, a fluorinated phenyl group, and a fluorine atom. 
     
     
         20 . The catalyst layer of  claim 8 , wherein the inorganic fine particles are fine particles selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, zinc, chromium, palladium, tin, manganese, aluminum, indium, bismuth, molybdenum, and carbon nitride, and the metal complex is a metal complex comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, and aluminum, or an ion of the metal, having a ligand coordinated thereto.