System and method for potassium measurement

Abstract

A system for potassium measurement comprising: a chemical sensor configured to output a chemical sensor output signal indicative of a first estimate of a potassium level of a user of the system; a cardiac sensor configured to output a cardiac sensor output signal indicative of a second estimate of the potassium level of the user; and a controller configured to generate an output indicative of the potassium level of the user based on the first and second estimates.

1 . A system for potassium measurement comprising:
 a chemical sensor configured to output a chemical sensor output signal indicative of a first estimate of a potassium level of a user of the system;   a cardiac sensor configured to output a cardiac sensor output signal indicative of a second estimate of the potassium level of the user; and   a controller configured to generate an output indicative of the potassium level of the user based on the first and second estimates.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical sensor comprises an ion-selective electrode (ISE) sensor. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical sensor comprises a potentiometric sensor. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical sensor comprises a wearable sensor. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical sensor is configured to analyse a sample of venous blood or to analyse a sample of blood obtained from a fingerprick. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical sensor comprises an aptamer-based sensor configured to tracks a biomarker associated with potassium levels. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the cardiac sensor comprises an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the cardiac sensor comprises a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising an output transducer subsystem. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 9 , wherein the output transducer subsystem comprises one or more of:
 an audio output transducer;   a haptic output transducer; and   a visual indicator.   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a communications subsystem configured to communicate data and/or alerts from the system to an external device. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising an output transducer subsystem and a communications subsystem, wherein the controller is configured to generate an output signal for one or more of output transducer subsystem and the communications subsystem based on the output indicative of the potassium level. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a predictor configured to generate an estimate of a current and/or future potassium level of the user based on the cardiac sensor output signal. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 13 , wherein the predictor is configured to generate the estimate of the current and/or future potassium level of the user based on the cardiac sensor output signal and the chemical sensor output signal. 
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 13 , wherein the predictor comprises a trained neural network, artificial intelligence or other machine learning processor. 
     
     
         16 . The system of  claim 15 , wherein the predictor has been trained on a relationship between a potassium level and cardiac data to generate, based on the cardiac sensor output signal, the estimate of the current and/or future potassium level of the user. 
     
     
         17 . The system of  claim 14 , wherein the predictor comprises a trained neural network, artificial intelligence or other machine learning processor, wherein the predictor has been trained on a relationship between a potassium level and cardiac data and for different levels of potassium to generate, based on the cardiac sensor output signal and the chemical sensor output signal, the estimate of the current and/or future potassium level of the user 
     
     
         18 . An integrated circuit comprising a controller configured to:
 receive, from a chemical sensor, a chemical sensor output signal indicative of a first estimate of a potassium level of a user of the system;   receive, from a cardiac sensor, a cardiac sensor output signal indicative of a second estimate of the potassium level of the user; and   generate an output indicative of the potassium level of the user based on the first and second estimates.   
     
     
         19 . A method for measuring a potassium level of a subject, the method comprising:
 generating a first estimate of the potassium level using a chemical sensor;   generating a second estimate of the potassium level using a cardiac sensor; and   generating an indication of the potassium level based on a fusion of the first and second estimates.   
     
     
         20 . A system for potassium measurement comprising:
 a controller configured to:
 receive, from a chemical sensor, a chemical sensor output signal indicative of a first estimate of a potassium level of a user of the system; 
 receive, from a cardiac sensor, a cardiac sensor output signal indicative of a second estimate of the potassium level of the user; and 
 generate an output indicative of the potassium level of the user based on the first and second estimates.